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Objective: Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is an acute and progressive encephalopathy resulting from perinatal asphyxia. Approximately 15% infants with neonatal HIE die, whereas 25% exhibit subsequent neurological disabilities. In this study, it was intended to compare effects of total body cooling treatment administered for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy on neurological and developmental findings obtained at 18-36 months. Material and Methods: Patients who have been hospitalized between 2013 and 2014 in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit with a diagnosis of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and treated total body cooling were included. After discharge, neurological examinations of the patients were evaluated by developmental assessments with “Bayley Scales of Infant Development II” at 18-36 months. Results: Mean MDI score of 17 patients was 90.2±16.3, and mean PDI score was 93.8±17.3. MDI scores were < 70 in 11.8% (n = 2) of all cases, and PDI scores were < 70 in 5.9% (n=1) of all cases. In 5.9% (n=1) of all cases, deafness and cerebral palsy were detected. Developmental disorder were found in 17.6% (n=3) of all cases. Conclusion: The therapeutic hypothermia in newborns decreased mortality in moderate and severe HIE and improved neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18th month. In our study, early neurological and developmental problem rates after therapeutic hypothermia were found similar with the literature. However, long period follow-up is necessary to determine minor disorders in these patients.