Search

Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of Hypomania Checklist-32-Revised. Method: The study was carried out with 80 patients diagnosed with bipolar I disorder, 26 patients diagnosed with bipolar II disorder and 42 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder attending the out- and in-patient psychiatry departments of three university hospitals and one training hospital and 116 healthy volunteers consisting of university students. Mean duration of illness was 15.1 years for the bipolar disorder group and 9.3 years for the major depressive disorder group. For concurrent validity, the Mood Disorder Questionnaire was used. In the statistical analysis, internal consistency coefficient, item-total score correlation coefficients, exploratory factor analysis, correlation with concurrent scale and ROC curve were calculated. Results: Translation into Turkish and back-translation into English of Hypomania Checklist-32-Revised were performed and thus the semantic harmony of the scale was obtained. In the internal consistency, Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.914 and item-total score correlations were between 0.235-0.743. Unlike the rest, the coefficient of item #23 was found as 0.110. In factor analysis, six factors were obtained; however, a two-factor solution representing 44.5% of the total variance was accepted whereas the first factor represents overactivity and being expansive, where the second factor represents impulsivity and risky behaviors. Correlation of Hypomania Checklist-32-R with Mood Disorder Questionnaire was r=0.379. In the ROC analysis, the cutoff point of the scale was calculated as 14 with a sensitivity of 71.0 and specificity of 69.8. The scale discriminates well between the bipolar group, depressive and control groups. Conclusion: Hypomania Checklist-32-Revised developed for screening hypomania is reliable and valid in Turkish after exclusion of item #23. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of Hypomania Checklist-32-Revised. Method: The study was carried out with 80 patients diagnosed with bipolar I disorder, 26 patients diagnosed with bipolar II disorder and 42 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder attending the out- and in-patient psychiatry departments of three university hospitals and one training hospital and 116 healthy volunteers consisting of university students. Mean duration of illness was 15.1 years for the bipolar disorder group and 9.3 years for the major depressive disorder group. For concurrent validity, the Mood Disorder Questionnaire was used. In the statistical analysis, internal consistency coefficient, item-total score correlation coefficients, exploratory factor analysis, correlation with concurrent scale and ROC curve were calculated. Results: Translation into Turkish and back-translation into English of Hypomania Checklist-32-Revised were performed and thus the semantic harmony of the scale was obtained. In the internal consistency, Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.914 and item-total score correlations were between 0.235-0.743. Unlike the rest, the coefficient of item #23 was found as 0.110. In factor analysis, six factors were obtained; however, a two-factor solution representing 44.5% of the total variance was accepted whereas the first factor represents overactivity and being expansive, where the second factor represents impulsivity and risky behaviors. Correlation of Hypomania Checklist-32-R with Mood Disorder Questionnaire was r=0.379. In the ROC analysis, the cutoff point of the scale was calculated as 14 with a sensitivity of 71.0 and specificity of 69.8. The scale discriminates well between the bipolar group, depressive and control groups. Conclusion: Hypomania Checklist-32-Revised developed for screening hypomania is reliable and valid in Turkish after exclusion of item #23. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine to what extent the level of alexithymia and difficulties in emotion regulation can predict pathological gambling. The research also examines the mediating role of emotional dysregulation in the relationship between alexithymia and pathological gambling. Method: The sample consists of 246 male gamblers. The average age was 33.30 years with a standard deviation of 11.62. In addition to the sociodemographic form, The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) were used to collect data. Results: Regression analyses revealed that the amount of money bet on gambling, total score of TAS-20, and DERS significantly predicted pathological gambling. Furthermore, difficulties in emotion regulation have a partial mediator role in the relationship between alexithymia and pathological gambling. Conclusion: It is argued that individuals with high levels of alexithymia become prone to addictive behavior via emotional dysregulation. In addition to the alexithymia, difficulties in emotion regulation also play an important role in pathological gambling. In this context, this study contributes to relevant literature by discussing alexithymia, emotion regulation, and pathological gambling in relation with one another. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine to what extent the level of alexithymia and difficulties in emotion regulation can predict pathological gambling. The research also examines the mediating role of emotional dysregulation in the relationship between alexithymia and pathological gambling. Method: The sample consists of 246 male gamblers. The average age was 33.30 years with a standard deviation of 11.62. In addition to the sociodemographic form, The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) were used to collect data. Results: Regression analyses revealed that the amount of money bet on gambling, total score of TAS-20, and DERS significantly predicted pathological gambling. Furthermore, difficulties in emotion regulation have a partial mediator role in the relationship between alexithymia and pathological gambling. Conclusion: It is argued that individuals with high levels of alexithymia become prone to addictive behavior via emotional dysregulation. In addition to the alexithymia, difficulties in emotion regulation also play an important role in pathological gambling. In this context, this study contributes to relevant literature by discussing alexithymia, emotion regulation, and pathological gambling in relation with one another. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevalence of bipolar disorder (BD) in males and females is almost equal. The onset of BD in females typically occurs during the reproductive years, complicating its treatment. Although it was once believed that pregnancy prevents recurrence, studies have shown that recurrence is common and severe during pregnancy. On the other hand, the effects of pharmacological treatment on obstetrical outcome are not well known and some of these agents are considered teratogenic. Thus, the decision to treat pregnant patients with psychotropic agents requires solving an ethical dilemma. Risk-benefit decisions should be made while considering both the risk of relapse of BD and its morbidity, and the risk of fetal exposure to psychotropic medications. Moreover, the risk of recurrence increases dramatically in the postpartum period. It is well known that all of the psychotropic medications studied enter the breast milk. Thus, their effects on infants should be considered while prescribing for a breastfeeding mother. The aim of this review was to discuss the safety profiles of the treatment options for pregnant and breastfeeding BD patients. Firstly, each medication's effects on organ dysgenesis, neonatal toxicity, and neurobehavioral development, and their associated adverse events during pregnancy and the postpartum period are discussed, with a focus on the emerging literature. Given this background, practical suggestions on tailoring treatment in BD patients, from preconception to breastfeeding are highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevalence of bipolar disorder (BD) in males and females is almost equal. The onset of BD in females typically occurs during the reproductive years, complicating its treatment. Although it was once believed that pregnancy prevents recurrence, studies have shown that recurrence is common and severe during pregnancy. On the other hand, the effects of pharmacological treatment on obstetrical outcome are not well known and some of these agents are considered teratogenic. Thus, the decision to treat pregnant patients with psychotropic agents requires solving an ethical dilemma. Risk-benefit decisions should be made while considering both the risk of relapse of BD and its morbidity, and the risk of fetal exposure to psychotropic medications. Moreover, the risk of recurrence increases dramatically in the postpartum period. It is well known that all of the psychotropic medications studied enter the breast milk. Thus, their effects on infants should be considered while prescribing for a breastfeeding mother. The aim of this review was to discuss the safety profiles of the treatment options for pregnant and breastfeeding BD patients. Firstly, each medication's effects on organ dysgenesis, neonatal toxicity, and neurobehavioral development, and their associated adverse events during pregnancy and the postpartum period are discussed, with a focus on the emerging literature. Given this background, practical suggestions on tailoring treatment in BD patients, from preconception to breastfeeding are highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bipolar disorder is a severe mental illness that afflicts approximately 1% of the world's population, and is characterized by mood swings from elation to depression. Although the etiology of bipolar disorder remains unclear, heritable factors have been shown to be involved. Family, twin, and adoption studies suggest a genetic etiology. Molecular genetic studies also support a genetic component. Many chromosomal regions have been implicated by these molecular genetic studies, but no single susceptibility gene has been identified. These findings show that bipolar disorder has a complex genetic etiology in which multiple unidentified genes and environmental factors play an important role in its pathogenesis. Herein, molecular genetic studies of bipolar disorder are reviewed based on a search of Medline using the key words, bipolar, genetic, and chromosome. Studies with positive results for bipolar disorder were selected first. The findings from these molecular genetic studies are reviewed systematically, chromosome by chromosome. Causes of the differences between the reported findings and of non-replication are discussed. Finally, important factors for designing a genetic study of bipolar disorder are examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the attitudes and behaviors of psychiatrists and psychiatry residents towards pharmaceutical representatives and their promotional activities, and to evaluate the effect of the duration of residency and type of the training institution on these attitudes and behaviors. Method: A validated questionnaire for assessing the attitudes and behaviors of physicians towards the pharmaceutical industry was administered to psychiatrists and psychiatry residents at regional meetings. Of the 1973 participants, 348 responded. Results: Although there was significant interaction between psychiatrists and pharmaceutical representatives, 50.7% of psychiatrists reported that they thought these interactions had no impact on their prescribing practices. First- and second-year residents agreed more than the other residents and the specialist that pharmaceutical representatives provided accurate information and had no effect on physician prescribing practices. First- and second-years residents agreed less than older residents that pharmaceutical representatives used marketing techniques . The psychiatrists regarded most of the pharmaceutical promotions as appropriate. State hospital staff agreed more than the university hospital staff that the pharmaceutical industry should support educational meetings in their institutions. Conclusion: There was intense interaction–characterized by undefined boundaries–between psychiatrists and the pharmaceutical industry. Most physicians were not provided any guidelines concerning their interactions with pharmaceutical representatives and there was general concern about the necessity of restricting these interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi is the property of Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi is the property of Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi is the property of Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses a study that examined the incidence and state of violence in psychiatric institutions in Turkey. Researchers sought to find the violence that healthcare professionals suffer in psychiatric facilities. Questionnaires were distributed among psychiatry residents in several health facilities in Turkey. It reveals that physical and verbal forms of violence are apparent in high rate of occurrence.

The article focuses on the higher risk of psychiatry residents to violence. It states that spending more time with patients in emergency rooms, hospital rooms and patient wards is seen to be a possible causes for the residents' higher exposure to violence. It infers that evaluating the violence against psychiatry residents were expected to experience more difficulty due to their inexperience in their field of work and the lack of structured training in coping with violence.