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Being a noninvasive method, extracorporeal shock wave litotripsy (SWL), it became popular due to its simplicity, effectiveness and low mortality rate in the treatment of reno-ureteral lithiasis. This method is based on the disintegration of calculi by shock waves produced outside the body, which penetrate the tissues without affecting them. The objective is to demonstrate the efficiency and safety of the procedure made on the first 1000 pacients, but also some various associations, for the patients who undergo the extracorporeal lithotripsy procedure done with third generation Modulith SLK, in the treatment of kidney and ureteral calculi. The retrospective study showed the existence of statistically significant associations between patient's gender and the calculus type, but also for the positioning of the calculus (renal or ureteral) and between the stent variable (Yes/No) and calculus position (renal / ureteral). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fournier's gangrene is a form of necrotizing fasciitis, an extremely aggressive and rapidly progressive polymicrobial soft tissue infection of the perineum and genitalia, which demands early recognition, aggressive treatment with antibiotics and surgical debridement, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Penile paraffinoma, also called penile mineral oil granuloma, occur after injection into the penis of foreign bodies such as mineral or vegetable oils. Clinical case: We present the case of a 29 years old male Gypsy patient who was consulted for nodules and fistulas on his penis. History revealed self-injection of kanamycin ointment into the penis body one year ago for the purpose of increasing the penile size. The diagnosis of penile paraffinoma was made. Circumcision with removal of nodules was performed. Histopathological examination by hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed the replacement of subcutaneous tissue with vacuolar lesions and a lymphocytic infiltrate with foreign-body giant cells. Discussion: Mineral or vegetable oils injection into the penis or other skin areas can be followed after a period of several years by the appearance of foreign body reactions with lipogranulomas formation. Other complications such as infection, skin necrosis, ulceration, fistulization, invasion of corpus cavernosum, embolism and even death may occur. Conclusion: The practice of injecting mineral and vegetable oils into the penile body, although abandoned in European countries, can be found in certain parts of the world and in certain social environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In addition to the benefits it confers intravesical immunotherapy with BCG, a negative aspect of this treatment is the side effects. They can be local or systemic, minor or major. This article is aimed at evaluating the frequency and severity of complications of adjuvant therapy with BCG for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Like all the human neoplasia, the causes of the bladder tumors are still an enigma. Regardless, bladder tumors represent the sole case where etiological factors such as carcinogenic substances can be recognised. It can be stated that bladder tumors are the mostly related to exposure to chemical substances, most of the carcinogenic factors being aromatic amines. The most important risk factors for developing bladder cancer is smoking and professional exposure. This article is about our experience regarding the implication of risk factors on bladder cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]