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Bearing sleeve, as one of important parts of bearing structure, determine the bearing performance directly. In this paper, based on the ball joint structure, the tribological properties between Polyoxymethylene (POM) and 40Cr are studied with Ring-Block method. The effects of friction velocity and applied load on friction coefficient are tested and analysed, the analytical model in friction force, friction velocity and applied load are created, which will provide useful technical data to the application.

Silicon anode is a promising candidate as an alternative to the conventional graphitic anode in lithium-ion batteries. In this work, silicon anode is modified by NH4F using a facile method in air. The concentration of NH4F on the electrochemical performance is systematically checked. The 5wt%NH4F-modified silicon anode exhibits enhanced cycle and rate performances, the first discharge specific capacity is 3958 mAh·g-1 with 86.45% as the coulombic efficiency at 0.4A·g-1. The capacity can maintain at 703.3 mAh·g-1 after 50 cycles, exhibiting a much better cycle stability than pristine silicon anode (329.9 mAh·g-1 after 50 cycles). SEM images confirm that NH4F can alleviate the volume expansion of silicon since LiF can be generated at the surface which is beneficial to the stability of solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI).

Aluminum ball joint is an advanced structure using to connect steering parts with the merits of simple and lighting. Usually extrusion strength and torque are the most important parameters to evaluate the ball joint properties. Generally, the ball sealed in the Aluminum housing by forming method which has an impact on the extrusion strength and torques. So how to control the forming and achieve the best properties is very important. In the paper, the relations between housing dimension and strength, torque are studied; the influence of forming on torque is researched. The rules in them are achieved.

The relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties of 36MnVS4 steel was studied. Different prior austenite grain sizes were obtained by austenitizing at 850, 950 and 1050 °C, respectively, and different ferrite contents were obtained by different cooling rates. Austenitizing temperature mainly influenced the grain size. With the austenitizing temperature increasing, grain size increased and the phase transformation starting temperature increased. Also, the strength increased and the plasticity and toughness decreased. Cooling rate mainly influenced the microstructure percentage. With the cooling rate increasing, ferrite percentage decreased and pearlite percentage increased. And meanwhile, the strength increased and ductility and toughness decreased. Microstructure had a significant influence on fracture splitting properties. With the grain size increasing, fracture splitting properties were markedly improved. With the ferrite percentage increasing and pearlite percentage decreasing, fracture splitting properties were worsened.

The influence of cooling rate and chemical composition on phase transformation and hardness of C70S6 steel were studied by Gleeble-3800 thermal simulation testing machine and box type electric furnace. The results showed that when the cooling rate was between 0.3 and 5 °C/s, the transformation products of two experimental steels were mainly composed of ferrites, pearlite and sorbite. The pearlite content gradually decreased with the cooling rate increasing, while the sorbite content increased and the ferrite content changed little. Both the ferrite and pearlite transformation starting temperature and ending temperature decreased with the cooling rate increasing. Besides, the hardness increased with the cooling rate. At the same cooling rate, the phase transformation temperature increased slightly with the carbon equivalent decreasing, and the pearlite content increased, while the hardness decreased. The hardness of C70S6 steel was reduced by cooling rate decreasing. However, it was difficult to realize the method of decreasing the hardness by adjusting the cooling rate in the case of higher carbon equivalent. Therefore, in order to obtain an appropriate hardness, the Ceq must be controlled. And a Ceq=0.83% was recommended.

The simulation of distribution automation troubleshooting and the functional design of training system software is discussed by this article, Including: basic platform capabilities, the decision analysis of auxiliary power failure, Power operation mode for load transfer analysis, the ring analysis of grid operation mode , the training simulator of distribution network and the data synchronization of the simulation system diagram and mode. The simulation of distribution automation troubleshooting and the effect of training system operation show the validity and effectiveness of the method.

The paper studies integrated protection methods of pre-Qing architectural heritage area in Liaoning with Geographic Information System (GIS) technology. First of all, pre-Qing architectural heritage in Liaoning is investigated, and the geographic information database is established. Then the composition of pre-Qing architectural heritage area in Liaoning is analyzed, and its value is evaluated. Finally, the traffic system of pre-Qing architectural heritage area in Liaoning is planned in order to facilitate its future protection. This research shows that the application of GIS for the overall protection of pre-Qing architectural heritage area in Liaoning is scientific, reasonable and feasible. Application of GIS technology can expand and innovate the ideas and approaches of traditional heritage protection, and provides a firm data foundation and powerful technical support for a better research and protection of this large scale type of heritage like heritage area.

Under the framework of "Kyoto Protocol", CDM mechanisms and the formation of carbon financial markets supply a platform for developing countries to participate in the global greenhouse gas emission reduction activities. PCDM projects will be the inevitable choice in the area of energy-saving construction. This paper analyzes the CDM mechanism and the applied limitations of CDM in the field of energy-saving residential building and then it points out the potential of PCDM in Chinese energy-saving construction and finally puts forward suggestions for promoting the residential building PCDM projects

The information system of construction market supervision and business management based on Web includes three subsystems, which are construction market supervision, management of bid and tender for construction project, and application of construction project and this thesis adopts the combinative method of prototyping and structured life cycle to develop and study on the information system. First, it integrally plans and lies out by adopted structured method. Then, it analyzes the mode and content of construction supervision, and the flow of construction business and construction project application, gives the prototyping system of them. Then it considers the requirement and function demand of the users, improves the prototyping system, establishes a scientific flow, and analyzes its data flow. And then, it designs the integral structure of the system by adopted system structure based on Web, designs the network structure by adopted three layer B/S distributing system, and gives the detailed design of the code, database, input and output of the system. Finally, it gives the technical demand of the build of the integral network system, gives the demand of the software and hardware system structure, and displays the windows of the main function of the system.

In order to eliminate cracks in the chromium coating, a novel method named flexible extrusion assisted chromium electroplating was proposed. The bright and crack-free chromium coatings were electrodeposited by using the perturbation and extrusion of hard and insulating particles. The prepared deposits were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and three-dimensional topography. The testing results showed that the surface was very smooth and there was no micro cracks in the coating. Micro hardness of the electrodeposited layer was also tested. It was confirmed that the chromium coating electrodeposited with rotating cathode in hard particles had high micro hardness as to 850HV and the micro hardness could be controlled by the process parameters. The rule of the micro hardness was concluded by analyzing current density and rotating speed. In addition the results of salt spray test and electrochemical polarization curve showed that the coating deposited by new method had higher corrosion resistance than that by traditional method.

As networks to be flattened, a direction has been put forward clearly by Telecom operators that Optical Line Terminals (OLT) of Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON) should become aggregation [1] OLTs, which makes them to work as both aggregation switches and edge access devices. According to this requirement, a scheme that realizes Routing [2] Information Protocol (RIP) on GPON OLT is put forward after deep analysis of GPON system [3] [4] [5] and RIP. Results shows that IP routing on GPON OLT is realized, which allows OLTs to work on the network layer, at the same time simplifies the broadband network levels and increases the reliability of the network.

In order to increase rolling efficiency and production quality, adopted the finite element method, the rolling force analysis model of 3500mm rolling mill is established in this paper based on the thermal mechanical analysis theory, According to the rolling technology parameters in actual production, the rolling process of plate rolling is systematic studied, which thinks about the thermal stress caused by uneven temperature distribution. The law of technology parameters influencing rolling force is gained, which uses in the optimization of rolling process, improves production efficiency. it has important significance to reduce the energy consumption.

Used the finite element method, the rolling process analysis mod Analysis el of 3500mm rolling mill is established in this paper based on the thermal mechanical analysis theory, according to the rolling technology parameters in actual production, the rolling process of plate rolling is systematic analyzed, which thinks about the thermal stress caused by uneven temperature distribution. The law of technology parameters influencing rolling process is gained, which uses in the optimization of rolling process, improves production efficiency. it has important significance to reduce the energy consumption.

If the wear and the replace frequency of rubber platen rollers of PROTOS1-8 Cigarette Machine can be reduce, easily lead to the stable of the force of paper feed and reducing the time of maintenance and spare parts consumption. However, there is no a new device for adjusting pressure of platen rollers. To solve this problem, a new type of device for adjusting pressure of platen rollers is designed. The three movable reference wheels used to test and adjust the gap instead of the reference plane. Application results shows that using the new device can effectively solve the excessive wear of the rubber platen roller. The amount of rubber rollers for replacing is reduced to 6 compare of 22 before and the maintenance time is reduced to 19 hours compare of 115 hours before during the statistical time. It also improve the operating efficiency of this type of equipment.

In order to obtain the sheet metal anisotropy under wide strain range, plane strain compression method with laminated samples is investigated. In the experiments, two laminated samples are introduced, sample 1 is deformed at rolling and thickness direction, and sample 2 is deformed at rolling and transverse direction. In the paper, the ratio of deformation forces obtained from sample 2 (p2 ) to sample1( p1) is used to assess the anisotropy of sheet metal, and verified by analytical method. The results show that the ratio of p2top1 is the function of anisotropic index r, and the anisotropic assessment by this method has a good agreement with that obtained by universal uniaxial tensile test at uniform deformation.

A variety of research approaches have emerged after the concept of Gibson's affordance was introduced in design field, for example, the relationship approach in design research and the approach of cognitive science research after Norman. The significance of affordance-based design for methodology forming ecological design theory is discussed in this article. The significances are to surmount defects resulting from function-oriented design theory and to pave the ecological approach to design theory with directness and embodiment combining perception with activities.

The characteristics of air temperature, circulation and energy budget of Jinta Oasis are simulated by WRF model, which is the weather research and forecast model of NCAR. The results show that the WRF model has good quality in simulating the diurnal characteristics of surface layer temperature, wind fields, net radiation, sensible heat flux and latent flux. In addition, the model initial fields were also modified by observations of soil temperature and moisture in order to improve the simulations in this study due to important roles of the soil moisture and temperature playing in affecting the cold island effect, the wet island effect properties and surface energy budget balance over the oasis in arid area. Then, the microclimate characteristics and local thermal circulation generated by inhomogeneous underlying surface over Jinta Oasis are analyzed.

To reduce the afterpulsing in single photon detection based on avalanche diodes, an advanced passive quenching circuit for operation in free-running mode is developed. The measurement setup is designed. The dark count rate (DCR) and afterpulsing of Single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are measured. The results show that the new passive quenching circuit has a better afterpulsing performance compared to traditional circuits.

Nitrogen oxides are dangerous toxic pollutants to human health and the atmospheric environment.[ Boilers NOx emissions as a major source of energy conservation is the most important task. The generation principles and influencing factors of coal-fired power plant boilers NOx were discussed. The current mechanism modeling had limitations and shortcomings, by studying reversed modelings and artificial neural network theory, Elman neural network was used to build the prediction model of coal-fired boilers NOx emissions. By comparing the predicted results with the true results, the convergence speed and accuracy of the method are both satisfactory to provide reference and guidance, and it provides new ideas and new ways for thermal power NOx measurements.

This paper introduces the general situation of Pre-Qing architectural cultural heritage research work in Liaoning Province. It analyses the situation about the 30 heritage of historic buildings and the surrounding environment in Liaoning Province, gives the basic description on the research content and the methods of research. And, it Analyses the current situation of the architectural heritage of Liaoning and points out the problem that we meet, at the same time, provides the suggestions for protection. To protect the architectural cultural heritage resources in Pre-Qing Dynasty, in Liaoning Province, in whole, it can reference the model of heritage area to make an exploration of scientific research and make the protection planning of overall area.

The heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics for water flowing in four spiral coils with different shapes and different sizes were experimental studied. Reynolds number range from 4000 to 9000, volume flow rate range from 200 to 350 L/h and heating power range from 80-350 W. Based on the experimental results, the regularity of Reynolds number and heating power influencing on heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics was analyzed and discussed. The results indicate: the Nu increases with increasing Re, the greatest average heat transfer coefficient appears in the smaller circular spiral coil. The heat transfer coefficients increase with increasing heating power, the greatest average heat transfer coefficient also appears in the smaller circular spiral coil. The pressure drops increase with increasing Re, the pressure drop in big ellipse spiral coil is greatest. The resistance coefficients gradually decrease with increasing Re. The resistance coefficient of small circular spiral coil is always greatest, and the resistance coefficient of big circular spiral coil is smallest.

The experiment of stimulating fluorine to desorb from fluorinated graphene was carried out in order to make clear the dynamical mechanism of the electron-stimulated desorption (ESD) of fluorine. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) with an electron beam gun accessory was used not only to stimulate fluorine to desorb, but also to characterize the concentration of fluorine after ESD. The concentration of fluorine dropped quickly following electron beam irritation. The desorption cross section of fluorine is about 1.5×10-17 cm2. It was also found that electron beam with low current density did not damage the structure of fluorinated graphene. These results confirm that it is feasible to fabricate all graphene electronics by ESD technology.

~50 μm single crystal graphene with hexagonal flower shape was synthesized on copper foils by low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD). The strong influence of Cu foils annealing on suppressing the nucleation of graphene was observed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Optical microscopy (OM), and Raman spectrum showed that single crystal graphene as grown was monolayer with high quality. Suppressing nucleation through an annealing procedure offers an promising way to grow large-scale single crystal graphene controllably.

The main objective of this study is to investigate the economical distribution of generator load based on the Lagrangian Multipliers. The reasonable economical distribution of generator load based on the lagrangian multipliers model is established in this paper, which uses the appropriate mathematics optimized algorithms whose computation precision is higher and convergence characteristics is good too. This algorithm improves the efficiency of computation, which is very significant in engineering

Based on FEM, the paper presents a reasonable four teeth end mill model to simulate the process of metal milling, which uses the adaptive meshing criteria.This model simulates a typical work-piece chip breaking process with different cutting speed and feed ratio, which gets the cutting forces curves and the total status of residual stress distribution.

Optimization degree of risk population allocation on evacuation route is one of the key points impacting emergency evacuation efficiency in dam-break event.The evacuatees optimization allocation mechanism considering route flow and route length was studied; optimization degree evaluation methods based on submerged number were constructed; corresponding formula for calculating submerged number was deduced; optimization degree classification and its standards were put forward; its availability was proved through case simulation.

30 MW straw power turbines are most suitable in the major corn producing areas in Northeast China. This paper takes straw power plants that are already used in practice as examples to demonstrate the technological and economical analysis of straw power-generating projects. The research results show that straw cogeneration is advantageous in energy utilization rate, economic profits, and etc.

In the paper, an approach for introducing a photoacid generator (PAG) into Langmuir- Blodgett (LB) films to draw photopatterns is described. The chemically amplified positive-tone resist system used here consisted of two components: a copolymer, poly(iso-pentylmethacrylamide- co-4-t-butyloxylvinylphenylcarbonate) [poly(iPMA-t-BVPC39)] and a photoacid generator (PAG), tri(2,3-dibrompropyl)iso-cyanvrate (TDBPIC). In the two-component system, the acid generated by the photoacid generator (PAG) catalyzes the deprotection reaction of poly(iPMA-t-BVPC39) to re- move the tert-butoxycarbonyl group (t-BOC) in the exposed region during the post exposure baking process, thus rendering the exposure region soluble to alkali aqueous to form a positive tone. Phhot- olithographic properties of the LB films have been evaluated. The patterns can be resolved with a resolution of 1 μm line width by UV irradiation,followed by development with an alkali solution. Quantum yield is determined to be 0.065 and catalytic chain length is also calculated to be 2460. The LB films used above can be used to generate etched gold patterns on a glass substrate using an aqueous iodide, ammonium iodide in alcohol /water，as the etchant. The etch resistance of such LB films is sufficiently good, allowing patterning of a gold film suitable for photomask fabrication.

The quantity of jaw crusher teeth plate consumed in crashing process directly affects the costs. Based the FEM method, the 3-D jaw crusher teeth plate shape model is established in this paper. This paper studies the stress distribution laws with three types of teeth shape. Through contrasting the results of analysis and data of malfunction teeth plate, it is can be drawing that the stress distribution laws, which can be used in optimizating design of teeth plate shape. It extends the using life and improves the crushing efficiency.

The mechanical properties and microstructure of the high strength low alloy HC340LA were obtained with different strain rate. The research shows that the better plasticity, higher tensile strength and yield ratio can be found in high speed tensile state than in quasi-static tension. The plasticity and tensile strength decrease with the increasing of the strain rate during the high speed tension. With the increasing of the strain rate, the grain size of the ferrite decreases and its distribution is uneven, and the grain boundaries increases. The HSLA steel HC340LA submit to obvious Ductile Frecture mechanism. The size of the dimples is more uniform, bigger and deeper with the strain rate 50 s-1 than with the strain rate 200 s-1. Therefore, the higher strain rate with over strain rate 50 s-1 has less Superscript textcontribution to the improvement of plasticity of the HSLA steel HC340LA.

A new type of instrument is designed to accomplish the purpose of localizing the sound source by a relatively compact structure. This bionics structure is designed to mimic the localization function of the ears of the parasitoid fly Ormia ochracea, and it consists of three elastic diaphragms, three bars which connected to the diaphragms, and the other mechanical components. The analysis of this structure’s dynamic behavior shows that the incident angles of the sound have special relationship to the responses of this instrument, and the incident angles can be estimated by detecting the vibrations of the three elastic diaphragms.

An introduction is made of a new method, which use computer to get an accurate unfolding drawing, to calculate the cutting stock of chemical container’s connecting pipe. Practice proved that this method is not only fast and convenient, but also accurate and reliable.

In the newly decorated office premises, the architectural decoration material will release much polluted gas, thus the IAQ is highly concerned. Natural ventilation through open windows can influence the IAQ. To study the effects of opening windows on the indoor air quality of newly decorated office premises, we choose several newly decorated offices in a commercial building in Changsha, a city in hot summer and cold winter region of China, as the study object. The 4 contrastive research schemes in the winter are adopted to acquire the results. Field-testing and air sampling methods were taken respectively to the 4 schemes to measure the concentrations of the main pollution composition such as formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene and TVOC in the offices. Meanwhile, relevant questionnaire surveys towards the four schemes were taken to the staff in the offices. We have synthesized and analyzed the IAQ condition of the 4 research schemes from the results of the tests and surveys. The result of the study shows that: the IAQ is the worst and cannot come up to the national standard when closing windows all day long in the newly decorated offices. Also some staff have a series of adverse reactions working in the work environment for a long time. All the other three schemes can improve the IAQ differently, and the scheme that opening windows all day long can improve the IAQ the best. Meanwhile, people can feel the change of IAQ effected by the 3 ventilation schemes if he/she is working for a long time in the offices.

The working medium of the pneumatic control system is air, which is delivered to each branch pipe through the role of the governing valve , and then the divided gas delivers the compressed air to each solenoid valve and pneumatic control valve. The solenoid valves and pneumatic control valve is connected through terminals and PLC, PLC obtains corresponding signal and makes judgment, conveying signal which is delivered to the solenoid valves and pneumatic control valve to achieve ventilation and breathe action, and finally the gas reaches the cylinder . The cylinder can complete the valve body on and off, so as to realize the pneumatic system of the automatic control.

Hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) loaded PLA nanoparticles were prepared by a facile dialysis method. Three main influential factors, PLA concentration, ratio of HCPT to PLA (wt/wt), dialysis bags with different molecule weight cutoff, were evaluated using an orthogonal design, gave the nanoparticles with an average diameter of approximately 226.8 nm and fine drug loading content (5.16%, w/w). The in vitro drug release studies exhibited a slow and prolonged release profile over 30 days. It is concluded that the new method to prepare HCPT-PLA nanoparticles resulted in improved formulation characteristics including small size, high drug loading capacity, and long sustained drug release.

A series of new chromium(III) complexes bearing fluoro-substituted β-diketiminate ligands have been synthesized and characterized by IR and elemental analyses. When activated by modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO), these Cr complexes exhibited moderate or high activities for ethylene polymerization (up to 370 g.mmol-1.h-1). Various reaction parameters such as reaction temperature and Al/Cr ratio were investigated in detail. Further more, it was found for the first time that the catalytic behaviors of Cr complexes can be greatly influenced by the electronic effect of fluoro substituents. The introduction of electron-withdrawing fluoro groups to ligands can improve the catalytic performances compared with those bearing alkyl groups, but incorporation of more fluoro atoms would then decrease the catalytic activities.

Design the 3D pattern of jacquard fabric which can be produced as wall covering, we found that choose decentralized irregular image and make the image deformation is not obvious; floating length can’t be too long and tightness are almost same everwhere to make the fabric smooth; when match designing, rendering algorithm must be from the center to keep the two sides from deformation; the weight and length of the pattern should be design base on the image to make the joint invisible.

The control arms, as an important part of automobile chassises, are using Aluminum alloy in more and more cases instead of steel. The ball joint sealing of control arms is a key process to chassises assembly and the sealing quality directly determine the lifespan of steering systems of automobiles. In this paper, based on the aluminum control arms, revolving-reveting processes for ball joint sealing of control arms are studied through finite element methods and experiments, and the effects of housing shape on the quality of ball joint sealing are also studied. The results show that the sealing quality for ball joint is related to the housing shape, and a better sealing quality can be achieved when the housing has a sloped edge, and verified by the experiments, which will provide elementary technical support to the ball joint sealing of automobile control arms. Keywords: Ball joint sealing; Revolving-reveting technology; Aluminium control arm.

This paper presents a support structure for gravity-based horizontal axial tidal current energy conversion system considering factors such as strength, reliability, and costs of transportation and installation, etc. The support structure is an important part which directly affects the operation of tidal energy conversion system. ANSYS Workbench is used to determine stress and deformation of the structure subjected to current loads, wave hydrodynamic loads and inertia loads. Nonlinear contacts effects between framework and base structure are taken into account in our calculation. In order to facilitate offshore installation of framework and base structure, some work is done to explore the effects of contact height between internal and external tube and wall thickness of internal tube to the strength. The results show that the strength and stiffness of support structure comply with the design requirements, and the research work provides a valuable reference for the development of harnessing of tidal energy.

F-doped TiO2 by hydrothermal synthesis method is prepared in this paper. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infra-red (FT-IR) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis). The photocatalytic performances of the samples were estimated by degrading Rhodamine B. which indicates that the reaction of photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B follows the zero order kinetic law. The photocatalytic performances are increased by F-doped. And F optimum doping dosage is 2.0%. After calcination at 500°C, the photocatalytic performance of the sample has not been obvious improved.

Sound source localization is always of great value in many engineering applications. In this paper, a new instrument is designed to accomplish the purpose of localizing the sound source by a relatively compact structure. This bionics structure is designed to mimic the localization function of the ears of the parasitoid fly Ormia ochracea, and it consists of three elastic diaphragms, three bars which connected to the diaphragms, and the other mechanical components. The analysis of this structure’s dynamic behavior shows that the incident angles of the sound have special relationship to the responses of this instrument, and the incident angles can be estimated by detecting the vibrations of the three elastic diaphragms. Compared with traditional microphone arrays, this instrument has the advantage of compaction and higher integrated level.

For increasing heat efficiency and preventing crack resulting in thermal stress, the laws of heating slab must be accurately studied. The thermal stress field distribution in slab heating process is researched, which adopts FEM and bases on the transient non-linear heat analysis theory. The 3500 slab heating model is established in according to the heating technique in mills. The factor of conduction coefficient and specific heat changing with temperature also are considered. The heating process is simulated and the influence laws of furnace temperature and heating rate are drawn, which is very significant in engineering.

In the cutting procedure, the cutting depth influences cutting forces, chip breaking, chip shaping, and the distribution status of residual stress. The two-dimension heat-mechanic coupling orthogonal cutting model is established with the FEM analysis software by use of the Lagrange quality point coordinate system description method in this paper. This paper simulates a typical work-piece chip breaking process with different cutting depth, which gets the cutting forces curves and the total status of residual stress distribution and the status.

Adopted the theory of elastic-plastic deformation, used the FEM analysis software, the reasonable two-dimension heat-mechanic coupling orthogonal cutting model is established in this paper, which uses the adaptive meshing criteria and simulates a typical work-piece chip breaking process. This paper simulates different tool orthogonal rakes how affect the cutting process, which is very significant in engineering. This paper supplies the theory foundation of optimizing the technical parameters and deeply studying the cutting mechanism.

Based on the plastic-elastic method, the 3-D milling FEM analysis model is established in this paper, which simulates the material removal process. This paper studies the release of initial residual stress how to affect the deformation in different structure parts. Compared with the results of simulation and experiment, it can be drawn a conclusion that the symmetric release of the residual stress facilitates to reduce the machining deformation.

A representative volume element is chosen to act as the research object to analyze the temperature field of the dispersion fuel elements. The thermal analysis is carried out for the thermal behaviors using FEM. The results indicate that with the volume fraction and the heat generation rate of the fuel particles increasing, the temperature and the gradient of the temperature in the matrix and the cladding increases markedly.

A representative volume element is chosen to act as the research object to analyze the thermal elastoplastic behavior of the dispersion fuel elements. The large strain elastoplastic analysis is carried out for the mechanicalbehaviors using FEM. The results indicate that with the volume fraction of the fuel particles increasing, the Mises stress and the equivalent plastic strain in the matrix increases, and the first principal stress and the equivalent plastic strain in the cladding increases markedly.