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Owing to the reasons of aircraft attitude error and fuel surface sloshing, the current measurement methods which use the height value of fuel sensor, flight attitude angle and aircraft acceleration information to determine the position of the fuel surface and calculate the fuel volume are inaccurate. This paper applies CATIA secondary development to automatically establish the volume characteristic database which includes various fuel surface angles and height of fuel sensors; A plurality of fuel sensors are arranged reasonably in the fuel tank to ensure that there are at least three sensors immersed in the fuel in each attitude angle, then the fuel surface is determined directly by the measured height of several fuel sensors, and fuel surface parameters are put into a simulation software as input parameters which are designed to measure the fuel volume and calculate the fuel volume in the fuel tank by interpolating. Besides, rotation test platform is designed for aircraft fuel tank with two degrees of freedom to simulate aircraft fuel measurement process. The experimental data can verify the accuracy of multi-sensor fuel measurement system.

High-performance biosensors are the key elements for rapid and real-time detection of specific biomolecules. Herein, an ultrasensitive FET biosensor on a flexible polymer substrate was reported, and the aerosol jet printing (AJP) method offers a unique way for low-cost mass manufacturing of the flexible sensors. The stable PBA functionalized rGO layer and the goat-anti-rabbit IgG layer on the rGO were both printed by AJP method between the source/drain electrodes. The flexibe biosensors exposure to low concentrations of target rabbit IgG showed dramatic increase in the source-drain current, which exhibited great sensing performance with the lowest detection limit of 13 fM.

The center of czochralski (CZ) wafer for solar cell often has black center, due to the existence of high impurities content, many defects such as dislocations. This has serious effect on solar cells’ conversion efficiency. To solve this problem, we developed a new kind of material-czochralski and floating zone (CFZ) silicon. But there is still black center in the CFZ-Si wafer with conventional process. In order to solve this problem successfully a new technology-alternant forward and reverse rotation was introduced. By testing the crystal defects, metal and oxygen impurities content, it has been found that the black center is related to oxygen distribution in the wafer. However since the content was very low and not enough to affect the solar cells’ conversion efficiency, which has been testified in solar cell. Therefore CFZ technology offers a new kind of silicon material, which can avoid the black center problem in CZ silicon wafer.

A single pile in soil is modeled as a vertical circular elastic prismatic bar, and the soil around the pile is regarded as transversely isotropic medium. The relationship between stress and displacement of the soil is described by fractional derivative viscoelastic model. Ignoring the radial and vertical displacement, the torsional vibration equation of the soil is built. It is solved by using the method of separation of variables and the boundary conditions of the soil. The torsional vibration of the single pile is also obtained. The torsional complex stiffness at pile head is investigated in particular. The results indicate that anisotropic parameters and model parameters of the soil have effects on the torsional complex stiffness, and the influence rules are different with the homogeneous soil.

The shape and stability of growth interface have significant influence on the floating zone (for short FZ) silicon crystal. During the growth of crystal cone, growth interface reversal will happen due to the change of cooling mechanism, which makes crystal growth unstable. This impact will be more obvious for crystal with large diameter. During the growth of crystal body, with the crystal diameter increasing, the growth interface curvature and thermal stress both increase, which is easy to result in dislocation and even crack of the crystal. So this experiment mainly studied how to solve the instability problem due to interface inversion and how to reduce interface curvature. In the experiment we compared the growth interface shape of 6 inches FZ silicon, at different pull speed, and find that during the growth of crystal cone, interface inversion can finish ahead with higher pull speed, and during the growth of crystal body, interface curvature decreased (interface depth≈32 mm) with lower pull speed ( υ=2.5mm/min) and higher rotate speed, to increases the chances for success of crystal growth.

In order to use photovoltaic cell effectively and improve its photoelectric conversion efficiency, the maximum power point of photovoltaic generation system should be tracked rapidly and stably [1]. Taking into account the solar PV systems are often affected by external factors,it is difficult to determine system parameters, and has a strong non-linear,so this paper,a adaptive fuzzy logic control technology for STP0950S-36 type of independent photovoltaic systems to a adaptive fuzzy controller design method, and using MATLAB/SIMULINK,fuzzy logic toolbox for simulation tools such as maximum power point control,adaptive fuzzy control simulation results of MPPT with fixed step method compared to fixed-step method was found to reach steady there is a certain state after the fluctuation,The results show that the method can quickly and correctly track change of MPP in different light intensity and the system has excellent stability performance.

As the main substrate materials for solar cell, Czochralskisilicon (CZ-Si) has more crystal defects, higher impurities content and so on, which limit the further improvement of conversion efficiency (h). Floating zone melting silicon (FZ-Si) has excellent performance but the feed rod cost is much higher, so it is hardly used for solar cell widely. To solve this problem, we developed CFZ silicon monocrystal (CFZ-Si). First the poly was made into poly rod withΦ110~Φ130mm by CZ process and then made into CFZ-Si by FZ method. During FZ process, the resistivity is controlled by gas doping and the process is adjustable. CFZ-Si combines advantages of CZ-Si with FZ-Si. It has less crystal defects, lower impurities content especially oxygen content (

The article in infographics for example, analysis and data visualization aesthetic relationship, data visualization is an excellent creative product design aesthetics and rigorous engineering science. Presented with a very beautiful form can be very boring tedious data. I try to find the background behind each data graph, add labels and notes, hoping to deeper understanding of the meaning of these charts are presented, rather than stay on for the "nice" praise. These pictures can not speak, but they are more powerful than words and language. Finally, the paper analyzes the value and prospects of data visualization have. Analysis on Design Aesthetics What is the Beauty of Design? As a reality-based artistic creative activity, design shows unique aesthetic characteristics. For the beauty of design, its creation proves to grow out of products shape and design, and its realization is attributed to consumers. To create a wonderful experience for users, designer cognizes aesthetic object from user perspective and interprets the emotional meaning of the works according to the possible rules of psychological cognition. Only in this way, will users be able to perceive the beauty of design. That is, what designer reflects is not the subjective feeling but the commercial purpose and audiences aesthetic trend. For a design, the aesthetic value is primarily embodied in application, with aesthetic creation intended to serve the society, the market and people. The inability to attain the said objective will signify the failure ofa design.

Because of the instability of steam and tough requirement of HTHP equipments in steam flooding laboratory simulation, it is rather difficult to obtain representative Steam/Oil relative permeability curves with high precision. In addition, although the effect of temperature on Water/Oil relative permeability curves has been studied a lot both at home and aboard, there are still some controversy perspectives, and research on temperature effect on Steam/Oil relative permeability is rare. As to the above issue, an improved steam flooding experimental method is launched to obtain accurate base data, and then simplified JBN method is applied for data processing. The Result revealed that the improved experimental methods and simplified JBN formulas can obtain representative Steam/Oil relative permeability with high precision, and temperature affects steam/oil relative permeability in various aspects, as temperature increased, oil relative permeability and irreducible water saturation increased while steam relative permeability and residual oil saturation decreased.

The wool and aramid 1313 blended yarn by ratio of 80/20 was introduced. The 2/1 twill and 11-heddle double satin were selected. Then the high hydraulic pressure infiltration finishing and the dry cloth impact finishing were done. By carrying on the comprehensive performance test, two kinds of multi-functional fabric used in spring-summer and autumn-winter were developed. It provides a scientific basis for the further development of flame-retardant fabric with medium and high grade, and has a positive significance for its design and production in textile.

The synthesis and nonlinear optical properties of two N, N-dimethylaminophenyl substituted BOPIMs, BOPIM-ma and BOPIM-dma, were investigated. A more significant solvatochromic shift is achieved in BOPIM-ma, which is more sensitive to solven. It is distinct that the energy gap between the HOMO and LUMO for BOPIM-ma, 2.503 ev, is larger than that of BOIM-dma, 2.449 ev, an indication of the functionalization of N,N-dimethylaminophenyl group.

The photo-induced fluorescence enhancement for a BOPIM derivate, which was found weak or no fluorescence in solvents due to twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) was investigated. The quenching process because of TICT state is substantially removed and fluorescence emission intensity increased remarkably, induced by UV-irradiation. This phenomenon could only found in moderate polar solvent, such as CHCl3, THF and 1, 4-dioxane (DIOX), but not in more polarity solvent, such as CH3CN, CH3OH. It is indicated that the transformation from TICT to ICT state take place easily in moderate polar solvents.

The useful minerals of Jinchuan high-grade copper and nickel suphfide ores were mainly nickel and copper, whose grade were respectively 1.42% and 1.01%. The content of MgO and SiO2, main gangue components, reached 57.89%. The key to improve the separation indexes of flotation concentrate was to inhibit the gangue minerals effectively, therefore, the effects of different kinds of regulators on Jinchuan high grade copper-nickel ores by flotation were studied. Considering the grade and recovery of concentrate comprehensively, the optimal regulator of mineral flotation was determined to be the combination of sodium hexametaphosphate and citric acid, and the dosage were 300g/t and 500g/t, respectively. After analyzing the mechanism of the two regulators, the combined reagents could reduce the isoelectric point of gangue minerals, decreasing the adsorption between gangue minerals and valuable minerals. In addition, the reagents were able to eliminate the activation of useless ions such as Ca2+ and Ni2+ on the gangue minerals and improve the ion composition of pulp, increasing the difference of floatability between gangue and useful minerals.

In order to extract characteristic values of graphene, a method based on a series of digital image processing algorithms was proposed in this paper. Using the method, we can automatically analyze topology structure and calculate amount of carbon atoms, and even calculate chiral vector indices (n, m) during in-situ TEM scanning of graphene. At last, we also write the correlative software with c++, which applying the digital image processing algorithms, and give out the processing result of several classic TEM image of graphene.

It is known that design means the art of times. As the industrial development enters the high-tech stage in current society, handicraft, industry and high technology have integrated with each other well. Moreover, informatization has been rapidly applied in the various aspects of human life. However, with the advent of digitalized era, design now lies in the age of reconstructing languages.

The nanosized TiO2 and luminescent materials were coated on PVC flexible composite material to get self-cleaning luminous PVC flexible composite building materials, the materials durable-polluted, luminous, reused properties and the adhesion property of the nanosized TiO2 and luminescent material particles were tested and studyed. The experimental results show that the nanosized TiO2 and luminescent materials finishing self-cleaning luminous PVC flexible composite building materials gain significant and good durability performance of self-cleaning and luminous functions.

According to the different softening mechanism, a flow stress model for magnesium alloy AZ31B is established. At the stage of dynamic recovery (DRV), the effect of work hardening (WH) and DRV on flow stress is described by dislocation evolution model. At the stage of dynamic recrystallization (DRX), the flow stress curve is obtained from Avrami equation denoting the recryatallization kinetics. Model parameter and its dependence on deformation condition are identified by the measured flow stress curve. The calculated curves agree well with the measured ones, which demonstrate the availability of the method.

The research treated the cotton fabric with nano-TiO2 and activated carbon.The four factors of the dispersion concentration, the activated carbon content, baking temperature and time were selected to be the variables .Then it used the self-made equipment to test the performance of absorption formaldehyde. The single factor affection experiment and orthogonal test were carried out to explore the four factors .The result showed that as these factors increase, to different degrees, the rate of fabric's adsorption and degradation formaldehyde also increase . It provides a theoretical guidance for the development of adsorption photocatalysis cotton decorative fabric in the textile sector.

The Development of equipment manufacturing industry cluster is a strategic choice for the revitalization of the old industrial bases, and the development of industrial clusters needs base on the high-quality market-oriented environment. But in the case of serious deficiencies in the market, cluster enterprises being in a weak position, limited ability of entrepreneurial behavior, the development of industrial clusters necessarily depends on the government's reform and progress, and needs government environmental innovation to create a suitable growing economic environment and social mechanisms for the rapid agglomeration of the industry. The belief that the government should create an environment and society can create wealth is an important factor of the of governmental innovation environment in the manufacturing industry cluster development environment.

This study investigates the effectiveness of the hole-drilling strain gage method on residual stress estimation. The thermal elastic-plastic model of the commercial Marc finite element method package is used to simulate and build up the hole-drilling process and residual stress distribution. Two Inconel 690 alloy plate welded with GTAW filler I-52 solder are first simulated using the Marc software. The traditional hole-drilling process is then simulated. The simulated residual strain variation data is incorporated into the hole-drilling strain-gage method to derive the possible residual stress components. The effects of drilling depth and drill size on the accuracy of residual stress estimates are also discussed. A comparison of stress components estimated from the traditional hole-drilling strain gage method and simulated from the Marc software is presented. The modified dimensionless parameters are provided by applying the optimum technique. The numerical results indicate that the proposed dimensionless parameters can significantly improve the accuracy of estimated residual stress components.

Heat sink materials not only should have higher thermal conductivity, but also have smaller difference of thermal expansion with cooled material. diamond/copper composites were made by the powder metallurgy method. Vacuum slowly vapor deposition technique was employed to deposit a titanium film on diamond particles before mixing with Cu powder in order to improve the bonding strength between Cu and diamond particles during sintering. The thermal expansion of diamond/Cu d composite was measured in the temperature range from 50 to 600 °C. The results show that the titanium film on diamond improves the interfacial bonding and reduces the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of Cu/diamond composites. The CTE of diamond/Cu composites decreases with increasing diamond volume fraction as the results of mixture rule and the intense restriction effect of diamond reinforcement on the copper matrix. The residual stresses and pores in the composites affect instantaneous thermal expansion of diamond/Cu composites.

System reliability distribution theory is mainly used in electronic system engineering and logistics management. With a view to the vital function and influence that reliability factors have made in business management, the author gives the methods to definite the concept of the reliability of management system in enterprise and to calculate its index. Besides, the author discusses the application of reliability allocation theory in management system and establishes the optimized mathematical model for marketing distribution about enterprise production. Finally, this article gives a calculation example by using the optimized mathematical model.

Computer-to-Plate (CTP) technology has been becoming an important topic of research and application during the era of digital printing. Processless CTP plate is regarded as a leading candidate for CTP plate due to its many merits such as friendly to environment, saving resources, good quality of imaging, low cost and so on. A new thermo-sensitive resin which could be used in processless CTP plate was synthesized by solution polymerization with styrene and N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate in 1:1 molar ratio using azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator and 1,4-dioxane as solvent and then by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) oxidation of the tertiary amine groups of the copolymer. It could be found from thermogravimetric analysis that there was a slight weight loss before 120°C owing to water evaporation; and there was an obvious weight loss from 140°C to 230°C owing to the decomposition of amine oxide group; and there was a large weight loss after 300°C owing to the decomposition of thermo-sensitive resin. It was found from contact angle analysis that the contact angle of the thermo-sensitive resin film reached maximum 75° after baking for 7 min at 140°C, which means that the decomposition rate of amine oxide group is slow and parts of amine oxide groups decompose incompletely. The contact angle of the thermo-sensitive resin film reached maximum 80° after baking for 5 min at 160°C or 2 min at 180°C which means that thermal decomposition rate increases with the increase of temperature and the decomposition occurs completely. It was also found that the resin film could be easily washed away from the substrate with neutral water before heat-treatment, but it could no longer be removed after the heat-treatment of baking for 5 min at 140°C or baking for 2 min at 160°C or baking for 1 min at 180°C. This new thermo-sensitive resin could be used in chemical-free thermal laser imaging application.

Immobilization of egg lecithin liposomes on Octadecanethiol (ODT) modified gold electrodes has been studied. The changes of the resistance of the layer with deposited liposomes, occurred under stimulation by different concentration of phloretin were measured with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and were used for the calculation of association constants. The binding constants Kb was obtained to be (7.571±0.821)×105 L•mol-1, indicated that high affinity existed between phloretin and liposomes.

large passenger flow is a common condition of urban transit operation, and the station bears the pressure of large passenger flow directly. This paper analyzes the reason for the appearance of large passenger flow and the characteristics of it, discusses the principles and methods that the station can apply under large passenger flow combined with the passenger’s transport process and the operation process.

Choose the organic thermochromic compo site materials as thermochromic microcapsule core-material，Using and studying crystal violet lactone 、bisphenol A and tetradecyl alcohol as the components of compo site materials according to the need of textiles finishies. We analysed the structure and capability of the compo site materials and identified 1:4:70 as the optimal ratio of the compo site materials could suitable for discoloration gradient of textiles，lay the foundation for preparation of microcapsule and textiles finishies. The discoloration fabric as functional textile has a tremendous market potential，its could using discoloration dress、materials-show and prevent bogus marker。Thermochromic fabrics is the intelligent textile and colour changed following the temperature changes. Generally，the Thermochromic materials was encased by microcapsule and using the finishing technology pasted the microcapsule on the surface of fabrics,so the fabric could has the discoloration function. Currently，thermochromic materials have organic、inorganic and Liquid crystal materials. Study to thermochromic materials and achieved a organic thermochromic compo site material in this paper，using the compo site material as the core-material of thermochromic microcapsule for the discolouration fabric finishes.

This paper discusses the trusted computing model which is based on existing computer network. The present trusted computing platform has to make big changes on personal pc hardware system in order to realize the trusted computing platform module on pc mainboard or hardware. To solve this, here presents a layered trusted computing platform module, which replaces the original trusted computing platform module with implemented modules on server. The prototype model ensures the trust measurement being implemented on any logical layers of the trusted platform with making a complete trust chain from the beginning of the boot stage of the client operating system. By creating a trusted computer platform with all the computers in the system, real trustworthiness in the entire local area network can be realized.

Integrated guidance and control law is developed for high-maneuvering missile in order to minimize the uncertain dynamic couple between guidance loop and control loop. After building up the integrated model of guidance and control through combining guidance equations and autopilot equations, this paper puts forward a type of subspace control law with attack-angle tracking by using subspace stabilization control method. Finally, the simulation results by an example, which designs the integrated controller for a terminal guided missile, are presented to reveal that the integrated system has good dynamic-tracking performance.

This paper addresses geometry design of a new kind of 2-DOF five-bar parallel manipulator actuated by two orthogonal layout linear actuators. Although the manipulator has only one geometric parameter, i.e., the link length, the distribution of performance index is more complex. Here, we propose a design approach utilizing a performance chart and local condition index. The key problem in the design of the manipulator is the determination of not the link length but the workspace satisfying the design index. This paper gives an effective method to obtain the basic good-condition workspace without dimension. Then, based on the optimum non-dimensional result, the optimum dimensional parameters are achieved which is suitable for the desired workspace. The optimum methodology of this paper is convenient and can be extended to other parallel manipulators

In this paper, a planar five-bar mechanism driven by two orthogonal layout actuators is proposed. The inverse and forward kinematics can be described in closed form. The Jacobi matrix, singularity and workspace of the mechanism are investigated. In addition, charts of some performance indices, such as dexterity, velocity, payload capability and stiffness index, are plotted. The results show that the mechanism has a flatter singularity-free workspace, which is usually our research object. On the other hand, Dexterity, Payload capability and stiffness index of the mechanism are basically the same distribution on the workspace, which are axis symmetric. But, the trend of velocity index is opposite. The proposed mechanism can be applied to the field of machine tools or used as the mobile base for a spatial manipulator. The results of the paper are very useful for the design and application of the new mechanism

Local dry welding is an important water welding method with special advantages for good flexibility in nuclear power stations repair where operation spaces are usually very limited, and it can be applied perfectly by simple integration of a lot of welding processes with shielding cup. An underwater welding system chamber was built, which is mainly comprised of an underwater welding test chamber, and a hydraulic driven underwater welding device. Shielding gas is inflated to the small compacted cup to drive water and protect arc and weld pool. At shallow water of 100mm,Pulsed MIG tests were carried out to investigate parameters which are related to welding process of 304 stainless steel cladding layers. Welding tests at different depth indicates that although profiles of welds produced both at pressures of 5 meters water depth and at pressures of 15 meters water depth are perfect, but cladding layer at 15 meters is more narrow and more high

As basis of the big diameter crystal development, the single crystal automatic growth is the most important technique for system standardization and mass production. In this article, author introduced a new useful way for the single crystal automatic growth of float zone. By setting the growth interval and controlling parameter, PLC controller could automatically control the single crystal growth when the single crystal’s diameter is greater than 50mm. This method applied to the machine system can greatly reduce the fault of manual operation as well as labor intensity. Also it improved the single crystal quality which increases the ability to develop big diameter single crystal in the future.

This paper introduces the fabrication method of a kind of gas phase phosphorus heavily-doped float zone (FZ) silicon, including thermal field design (electromagnetic copper coil with double water cooling system). This method solves the problems during the pulling process of heavily-doped FZ silicon crystal of phosphorus doped. The gas phase phosphorus heavily-doped FZ silicon crystal using this methods with low oxygen content (less than 0.2ppma),low radial resistivity variation (less than 10%), low resistivity (the minimum of 0.002 ohm.cm), and is good to meet the transient voltage suppressor (TVS) for silicon substrate material requirements.

This project studies the impact on ‹110› dislocation-free monocrystal grown by Czochralski method (hereinafter referred to as CZ) through puller's heat zone system and pulling process. Adjusting heat system appropriately, increasing pulling speed sharply, controlling the diameter and length in neck growth, controlling the speed in crown growth, increasing the length and diameter of tail, all of which are key elements to guarantee the success of ‹110› dislocation-free monocrystal pulling. The ‹110› dislocation-free monocrystal we developed under this project can be applied to optoelectronic devices for both semiconductor and solar industry. According to the verifications of the customer, the solar cell manufactured by ‹110› silicon monocrystal has unique features of ultra-thin and high efficiency. Furthermore, it can solve the problem caused by sheltering issue. Compared to traditional solar cell, silicon usage is 3 times less. As a result, it reduces the material cost dramatically.

The present article reports the results of studies related to the synthesis of nanocrystalline ceria powder by combustion process using salt combustion aid. Cerium nitrate as oxidant and urea as fuel were used as reagents, Sodium Chloride was compared as combustion aid. The phase analysis and particle size were compared. The product was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy and Transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that employment of starting fuel with combustion aid resulted in synthesizing nanocrystalline ceria powder with fine agglomerates. By using combustion aid, the energetics of the combustion reaction and particle characteristics have been changed.

In order to meet the needs of changing positions and orientations in large-scale product testing and large workpiece operating, such as machining, welding and spraying, this paper presents a planar decoupled parallel manipulator driven by three sliders. This simple but practical mechanism is capable of realizing a large workspace. The direct and inverse kinematical solutions are derived. The working spaces of the end operator are carried out when it is in given positions and given orientations. The simulation demonstrates that all kinds of straight lines and circles can be realized by the end operator of the mechanism, which the corresponding motion disciplines and characteristics of the three sliders are also obtained. Last, the virtual prototype of the manipulator is given. The paper lays the foundation for the manufacture, the real-time control and industrial application of the 3-DOF parallel manipulator.

In this paper, a 2-DOF planar parallel manipulator actuated horizontally by linear actuators is proposed. The inverse and forward kinematics can be described in closed form. The velocity equation, singularity of the manipulator and the conditioning index is investigated. In addition, the inverse dynamics problem of the device is investigated employing the Lagrange approach. The dynamic simulation is carried out. The results show that the kinematics performance and the force transmissibility are worse when the end-effecter moves near the singularity. The proposed manipulator can be applied to the field of machine tools or used as the mobile base for a spatial manipulator. The results of the paper are very useful for the design and application of the new manipulator.

In this paper, we use pure cotton yarn and cotton/coconut carbon blended yarn to develope interwoven fabric of different weave and different coconut carbon fiber content. We set up the experiment device which can test the adsorption performance of formaldehyde and use it to test the fabric, discuss influence of the time, weave and coconut carbon fiber content on the fabric's adsorption performance .

This paper uses the complex coacervation to prerare the thermochromic microcapsules, and the thermochromic compo site materials were wrapped by the microcapsules with gelatin-acacia as wall-material and glutaraldehyde as crosslinker .This paper analyzed the size of thermochromic microcapsule with the single factor,and through the orthogonal experiment technology that can optimize the techniques get the microcapsule with the particle size of 12.63 um.

In order to study the effect of different blended ratios on strength and elongation properties of Outlast/viscose blended yarn, ten kinds of blended yarns had been designed and spun. The blended ratios were Outlast/viscose 0/100, 15/85, 25/75, 30/70, 35/65, 40/60, 45/55, 50/50, 60/40, 100/0. By testing the strength and elongation properties of the blended yarn, the effect of blended ratio on blended yarn’s breaking tenacity and elongation rate was analysed. The results showed that, with the increase of blended ratio, the breaking tenacity and breaking elongation rate of the blended yarn both presented a downward trend. But when Outlast/viscose blended ratio was 35:65, breaking elongation rate had a maximum value. When blended ratio was 45:55, breaking tenacity had a maximum value, which should be used in practice.

Mg-xZr damping alloys (x=0.6, 1.5, 2.5, 5, mass %) were prepared by PM (powder metallurgy ) technology, and effects of Zr contents on microstructure, mechanical properties and damping capacities of Mg-xZr damping alloys were researched by three-point bending test and DMA, etc. The results show that the microstructure become into strip-shaped morphology, more granular particles appear in the grain boundaries or inside grains, and the grains are more refined with the increase of Zr additions. Micro-hardness and bending strength of the Mg-xZr damping alloys increase with increasing addition of Zr, and reach the maximum value with Zr addition of 2.5%. The damping capacities of Mg-xZr alloys increase slowly with the temperature from 27°C to 100°C, and increase rapidly above 100°C. The damping peaks appear at temperature of 160°C. Mg-5％Zr alloy exhibits the highest damping capacity, and its tanf value reaches to 0.084. The temperature of the damping peak increases with increasing frequencies, showing the characteristic of relaxation damping.

A novel 3 degree of freedom(1-Translation and 2-Rotation) parallel mechanisms is investigated. The forward and inverse position of the mechanism are studied. The influences by the three input variables on the three output variables are analyzed carefully and the valid working ranges of input and output variables are given by discussing structural parameter. These provide a solid foundation for selecting structural designs and kinematics parameters accurately and for realizing the control and industrial application of the mechanism.

Aiming at the helical planetary gear reducer with the small module (m≤0.8mm) and big helical angle (β≥20°) applied widely, a novel method of the design and manufacture is come up. The developed reducer matched with the suitable motor not only reduces output speed and inertia of the motor, but also increases greatly stability of tooth meshing. Thus, it could reduce transmission noise and favorably increase the output torque of the motor. So it has a wide application prospect.

Mg-1.5%Zr-x%Cd alloys (x=0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, mass%) were prepared by PM (powder metallurgy) technology, and the microstructure, mechanical properties and damping capacities of the alloys were researched by OM, three-point bending test and DMA, etc. The results show that the microstructure becomes into strip or block shaped morphology, granular particles Zr appear at grain boundaries or inside grains, and the grains are more refined with the increase of Cd additions. Micro-hardness(HV) and bending strength(σbb) of the alloys increase with increasing addition of Cd. Damping capacities of the Mg-1.5%Zr-x%Cd alloys improves with Cd additions, and increase with the temperature. The damping peak temperature increases with increasing frequencies, showing the characteristic of relaxation damping.

According to the analysis of iron element purification in the current process of steel production and the study on reduction experiment of ultrafine iron ore powder, this study first summarizes and puts forward the scale effect on reduction of iron oxide. And on this basis, a new concept is proposed, named precise reduction, which includes the pre-processing—dissociation of iron oxide, preparation of ultrafine powder and the post processing—non-molten magnetic separation. Taking high phosphorus hematite, steelmaking slag and metallurgical dust as the study objects, and the better achievement shows that the low grade iron-bearing material, after precise reduction, can be transformed to the valuable resource without residue, and the process is environment friendly with low energy and material consumption, so that the zero discharge can be achieved. Not only does the steel plant be changed to be environment friendly, but also the resource is got.

In this paper, the radial resistivity variation (RRV) of the gas doped floating-zone (GDFZ) silicon has been studied through of three factors that are the lower shaft rotation speed, the timeratio of the lower shaft clockwise(CW) rotation speed and the counterclockwise (CCW) rotation speed, and the eccentricity between the upper shaft and the lower shaft in the horizontal direction. Test results show that the lower shaft speed has greatly influenced the RRV of GDFZ silicon, and with the increase of the shaft speed, radial deviation of the resistivity decreases first and then increases. As the timeratio between the lower shaft of CW&CCW rotation speed increases, the single crystal radial resistivity distribution is improved. As reversible angle of CW&CCW further increasing, radial deviation of the resistivity distribution rises again. With the increases in eccentricity ing, resistivity variation between the edge and the center decreases, thus radial resistivity inhomogeneity of single crystal significantly is also reduced. Based on the above study, further optimization of process, reasonable regulation and control of shaft speed, reversible angle, eccentricity and other parameters selected during GDFZ process can be obtained, which would obtain good radial resistivity uniformity to meet the requirements of the semiconductor devices.

A kind of 2-DOF parallel manipulator driven by two sliders moving along two parallel guides is analyzed. Based on the explicit expression of inverse position, velocity and acceleration analyses, the mobile trajectory of this manipulator is investigated and simulated. In trajectory planning, the trajectory profiles are assigned to be accelerated and decelerated at the first and last few seconds, respectively, and keep at constant speed for the remainder of time, where the forth-order polynomial is fitted during acceleration and deceleration, and clothoid curve is applied around the corner of axis. Then the mobile rule exerted on the actuator sliders is obtained using inverse position based on the desired end-effecter trajectory. Finally, the virtual prototype of this mechanism is modeled using Solidwork and the kinematics and dynamics simulation is performed using Cosmostion. The result shows that both velocity, acceleration of the sliders and the driving force exerted on the sliders are continuous curves, which can fully satisfy the demand of high-accuracy and real-time processing of the high-speed Manipulator.

Experiments have been conducted to consolidate tungsten powder using hot-shock consolidation technique combining with underwater shock wave. An exothermic mixture (TiO2-C-Al-Fe2O3) was ignited by an electric wire coil to release a large mount of heat via a self-propagating high-temperature synthesis reaction which was used to pre-heat the sample powder. As getting the needed isothermal temperature, the powder was subsequently consolidated by shock wave generated by explosion of nitro methane, with a detonation velocity of 6.3 km/s and a detonation pressure of 11.9 GPa. The density and Vickers micro-hardness of the consolidated sample were determined and its microstructure was analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). High-density tungsten samples were obtained by optimizing the experimental conditions. In this paper, the relative density and hardness of the recovered sample are 96.5% and 670 HV, respectively.

Nuclear fusion is a promising source of environmental friendly energy for the future, and the ultra-fine grained Tungsten (W) is a hopeful candidate material to be used as plasma-facing materials (PFMs), which are the key materials in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), for its many useful advantages. While, due to its high melting point and high sintering temperature needed, the ultra-fine grain sized tungsten is not easy to be fabricated. In this paper, the method of explosive consolidation of powders as well as its mechanism and improvements are discussed, and finally the possibility of using this method to preparing of ultra-fine grained W plasma facing material are also introduced.

This paper addresses geometry design and operating mode optimum design of a new kind of 2-DOF parallel manipulator actuated horizontally by linear actuators. The forward and inverse kinematics of this manipulator are derived. The four groups of inverse solution correspond to four different operating modes which cannot transit to each other smoothly. The workspace and the singularity trajectory of each mode are discussed. Based on the desired workspace, the geometry of the mechanism is determined. The operating mode of the mechanism is optimized according to distributing of all global and local performance indices on the workspace. The results are very useful for the design and application of the new manipulator with multiple forward and inverse solutions.