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The effect of pre-aging on properties of Cu0.24Cr0.20Sn alloy before rolling and aging was studied in details. The results displayed the pre-aging was useful to improve the microhardness and conductivity of Cu0.24Cr0.20Sn alloy before cold rolling and aging, and the effect increased with the extension of pre-aging time. The microhardness and electrical conductivity of Cu0.24Cr0.20Sn alloy by first pre-aging at 400 °C for 2 h, second 85% rolling and then aging at 300 °C for 1 h can reach 189 HV and 85.4 %IACS, respectively. The TEM results indicated the density of precipitates increased with the increase of pre-aging time, and the interaction between precipitates and dislocations was gradually strengthened in the subsequent room-temperature rolling. The increase caused by pre-aging treatment before rolling and aging was mainly due to dislocation density strengthening.

Zinc Selenide ceramic was successfully fabricated by spark plasma sintering in the study. The ZnSe raw powders were handled with two different methods such as grinding and planetary ball milling, respectively. The relative density, microstructure and transmittance of the ZnSe ceramic sintered under the same sintering parameter with two type powders was investigated. The results shown that the performance of the powder processed by ball milling was more effective than that by grinding. Furthermore, the maximum relative density can reach 99.8% when the ZnSe powder treated by ball milling were sintered at 950 oC for 30 min with the heating rate of 10 oC/min under 100 MPa.

An evaluation method for characterizing the chelate property of modified nanoparticles were described, the chelate ability of modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanoparticle with metal ions was evaluated by using simple discolor spectrophotometry in NaCl solution, and the highest sensitivity was used for quantitative depicting the chelate ability with Pb ions after modified. The present method provided a simple and facile method for evaluating the chelate ability of modified nanoparticles which played an important role for fabricating nanocomposites.

Boron nitride materials have some excellent features, such as high temperature resistance, chemical resistance, good electric performance and radiation resistance . Along with the development of science and technology, boron nitride materials are made into coating widely, put it in the surface of metallic materials or non-metallic materials, can extend their service life significantly[1]. Atomic force microscope (AFM) is widely used for nanoscale morphology characterization and submicron scale structure material, simple sample preparation is its advantage. [2] Based on the domestic boron nitride coating as the research background, using AFM simulate the surface nanostructures of three dimensional, and evaluate the flatness of boron nitride ceramic coating which made by plasma spraying method and chemical vapor phase precipitation method respectively. The results show that the coating prepared with plasma spraying is more dense, surface flatness is smaller, surface roughness uniformity is better.

It is very important to use the science, technology and cultural elements in the process is the landscape of expression, and advanced engineering technology is the basis for the development of the urban landscape. In the urban construction area of modern technology into the traditional culture of the city can do the development and continuation of traditional culture, and promote the development of the urban landscape systems. This paper presents a dynamic urban landscape design, a variety of traits city weather conditions, urban context, materials technology, biological populations, ecological flows were studied. Through analysis, can be used in shaping the city's landscape, and achieved good results.

Intelligent classification is realized according to different components of featured information included in near infrared spectrum data of plants. The core of this theory is to research applications of ant colony algorithm in spectral analysis of plant leaves through theories and experiments. In aspect of theoretical exploration, the built-in function of clustering algorithm is used to compress and process data. In aspect of experimental research, the near infrared diffuse emission spectrum curves of the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora and Acer saccharum Marsh in two groups, which have 75 leaves respectively. Then, the obtained data are processed using ant colony algorithm and the same leaves can be classified as a class by ant colony clustering algorithm. Finally, the two groups of data are classified into two classes. Our results show the distinguishability can be 100%. Keywords:Near infrared spectroscopy; ant colony algorithm; clustering algorithm; signal processing

This paper proposed a kind of mandatory lane change model from the different three aspects. At the same time, it also researched the time delay of the vehicle under this situation and gave the reification of the time delay. The simulational results showed that the model was effectively and the analysis of the time delay was reasonable.

This article proposed a Double Extended Kalman Filters (Double EKFs) observer to estimate states of 4WD in-wheel motor electric vehicle. One EKF observer was used to estimate vehicle longitudinal velocity. The other EKF observer was employed to estimate vehicle sideslip angle. The structure has two benefits: Firstly, two EKFs reduce the order of the wholly state observer, so that calculation load could be lower. Secondly, the two EKFs could be adjusted easier and more independently. The paper investigates the feasibility of this observer in two vehicle test conditions. The test results indicate the effectiveness of the Double EKFs State estimation.

Salt lake brine resource is one of the strategic resources in the western of China. Phase equilibria and phase diagrams are the theoretic foundation for the exploitation of salt lake brine resources. Hence, studies for the stable and metastable phase equilibria of lithium-containing salt-water systems are of the great importance for the development of salt lake brine resources. In this paper, the stable and metastable phase equilibria of lithium-containing salt-water systems were summarized, and the problems existed at present and the new trends in the future are also discussed.

The depth map is a basic diagram of the intrinsic; each pixel value represents the scene graph the elevation position of the object point. In this paper, the analysis methods for target classification elevation map. Figure elevation are visible depth image, the depth of the image is the distance from each point in the scene to the image capture device values ​​of the image as an image pixel value.

This study attempted to develop sustained release tablets based on exfoliated graphite. The in vitro evaluation of the prepared tablets was carried out to study its sustained release properties by means of UV/VIS spectroscopy. The results show that the release rate of aminophylline decreases with the increase of the content of graphite for the aminophylline sustained release tablets based on exfoliated graphite. The graphite in the aminophylline sustained release tablets will delay the release of aminophylline when the exfoliated graphite content in the sustained release tablets is less than 25%, the graphite will prevent the release of a part of the aminophylline when the exfoliated graphite content exceeds 40%. The reproducibility of the prepared aminophylline sustained release tablets is acceptable.

In this paper, the methods for rubidium (Rb) and cesium (Cs) recovery from brines including salt lake brine, geothermal water and concentrated seawater were summarized, and the main problems existed were also pointed out. More details for Rb and Cs recovery from salt lake brines through fractional precipitation, ion exchange and solvent extraction were discussed, and the new trend for Rb and Cs recovery in the future were also carried out.

Wetland Park to establish a reasonable use of wetland resources, to meet the needs of visitors to leisure and entertainment life, while being overexploited to the wetland ecosystem restoration and the chance to rest, to protect the wetland environment provides an effective use patterns. Papers presented wetland landscape planning and construction methods and content, providing a distinctive local urban wetland park.

This paper was based on the parallel and cross section on the east coast of Xiangjiang river crossing tunnel on Yingpan road in Changsha City, and studied on the affects of partition of it adjacent construction. The conclusions were drawn as followings: When the vertical spacing is larger than 4D, it didn’t need to consider the influence of vertical spacing on parallel interchange tunnels close construction, can be considered as two parallel tunnels. And when the level spacing is larger than 4D, it didn’t need to consider the influence of level spacing on parallel interchange tunnels close construction, can be considered as two intersecting tunnels.

A control method for servo control system of Assembled Claw Pole Stator Transverse Flux Machine(ACPTFM) by controlling the armature current Root-Mean-Square (RMS) and the angle between armature current and no-load EMF is proposed in this paper. The servo control system of ACPTFM is composed of a series of closed-loop controllers, and the most complexity design of speed controller is described in detail. Fuzzy adaptive PI control method which integrates the advantages of fuzzy control and PI control is adopted to design the speed controller. Experimental results show that it can improve the system dynamic response and steady state accuracy.

The adaptive fuzzy logic systems are constructed in this paper by utilizing the data information sampled from the inputs and outputs of unknown functions in the nonlinear systems controlled, and then output stable controller is synthesized for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems based on the universal approximation property of adaptive fuzzy logic systems. Finally, the simulation shows the validity of the method in this paper.

With rapid economic development in China, the frequency of that new buildings replace old buildings increases gradually in rural areas, which inevitably results in the emergence of a large amount of waste clay brick. The processing of construction waste takes up a lot of land resources and worsen the existing rural environmental pollution situation. using waste clay brick to prepare recycled coarse aggregate concrete not only can effectively eliminate construction waste and reduce the consumption of original coarse aggregate and thus the cost of buildings, but also solves a series of environmental problems—it conforms to the concept of "green building" and stands in line with the strategic objectives of sustainable development. This paper researched on the influence of recycled coarse aggregate gradation and water cement ratio to the strength of recycled concrete at first, then experimentally verified the application feasibility of recycled coarse aggregate self-compacting concrete.

Landscape dynamic roaming produced according to drawings on a computer to simulate the real environment of the virtual landscape, the evolution of the past, we changed the traditional paper model or three-dimensional model of the digital model through digital technology to simulate real environmental landscape in the computer. In this thesis, a three-dimensional computer architecture design methods, the performance of the method proposed three-dimensional landscape design, engineering calculated by the environmental performance of buildings with different fiber, help to improve the level of digital three-dimensional architecture.

Internet of Things (IoT) is playing a more and more important role in modern agriculture development. However, problems of efficient storing and reasoning those massive heterogeneous sensor data collected from variety kinds of sensing equipment need to be resolved to implement Internet of Things in agriculture. This paper explores the architecture of Internet of Things in agriculture with heterogeneous sensor data, and proposes a design of implementation to Internet of Things in agriculture based on cloud computing. The design is based on two-tier storage structure of HBase, which is a distributed database with high scalability. It access database using MapReduce model, a distributed programming framework. Hence, this design provides scalable storage, efficient data access, and eases other processing of sensor data.

To make full use of waste clay bricks, we made recycled coarse aggregate by waste clay bricks and used it in self-compacting recycled concrete. In order to improve the utilization rate of recycled coarse aggregate and realize good workability, we adopted skeleton dense accumulation method. With the fitted curve method, we obtained an accumulation curve of recycled coarse aggregate with reasonable gradation. Under the same conditions, we made contrast test with the recycled coarse aggregate by different gradation way. Through contrast test, we found that the recycled concrete with skeleton dense accumulation method has better performance in strength and workability, and his method improved the utilization rate of the recycled coarse aggregate.

In vitro test was used to determine the effect of acid stress on soil nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) J2 survival, behavior, individual development and fluid extravasations. The effects of acid stress on J2 survival is C2H2O4>C6H8O7>C4H6O5. Inhibition on J2 movement behavior increased with time prolonged. Effect on nematode body length, stylet length, tail transparent area length, body fluid extravasations: C2H2O4>C6H8O7>C4H6O5. At high magnification optical microscope can be clearly observed symptoms of poisoning J2. Compared with the control, acid inhibited the nematode survival, movement and individual development, promote the body fluid extravasations, destroyed the normal physiological metabolism of nematodes, even lead to death.

The roof garden is a complex form of roofs landscape. Advanced green roof design played a huge ecological and economic benefits gradually being recognized for the significance of green roofs and classification, this paper study the roof garden design principles and key technologies for preliminary summary and discussion, proposed green roof functioning and performance arts beautiful landscape design methods.

The objective of this work was to investigate the possibility of oilfield produced water (OPW) treatment by moderately compressed exfoliated graphite (CEG) blocks. The CEG blocks were used as filtration materials to treat OPW of Jianghan Oilfield (Qianjiang, Hubei Province, China). The relationship between density and strength as well as the relationship between density and permeable capability of CEG blocks were studied. Furthermore, the maximum OPW treatment ability of CEG blocks was discussed. The main conclusions are as follows: CEG blocks which are used as filtration materials must have both suitable strength and suitable permeable capability. The effect and efficiency of wastewater treatment can be balanced when the CEG density is nearby 0.025 g/cm3. For OPW of Jianghan Oilfield the maximum treatment ability of CEG which has a density of 0.025g/cm3 and a mass of 0.1673g is more than 20L/g if the filtration rate is ignored.

In order to study the damage characteristics and seismic performances of clear water tanks in water supply system, common damage types and main influence factors are summarized based on the collected damage data, and seismic vulnerability matrix is obtained. Seismic damage loss ratio is suggested by combination damage and construction cost. On the strength of the above results, assessment models of seismic loss for clear water tanks are built, including group assessment model and monomer assessment model. The accuracy and applicability of the models can meet engineering requirements. Finally, anti-seismic suggestions and countermeasures of pools are given based on the above research results.

p-Carboxyarsenazo (CASA) color reagent was synthesized by simple diazotization reaction, and the chromomeric reaction between CASA with Cu(Ⅱ) has been studied by spectrophotometry. In pH=4.6 NaAc-HAc buffer solution, Cu(Ⅱ) reacted with CASA to form a red complex and exhibits an absorption maximum at 614 nm, Beer’s law is obeyed for 0-160 μg/L of copper in solution, the apparent molar absorptivity obtained is 1.57×104 L/(mol.cm), and the relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) is 1.6%. The proposed method exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity for Cu(Ⅱ). The results obtained by this method in the determination of environment water samples were accurate, sensitive and repeatable

Spectrophotometry determination of Al (III) with new color reagent p-Carboxyarsenazo(CAA) was reported, and the chromomeric reaction between CAA and Al (III) was studied. In a buffer medium of pH=4.6 HAc-NaAc, CAA reacts with Al (III) to form a red complex and exhibits an absorption maxima at 614nm; Beer,s law is obeyed for 0.10~0.80 μg/mL of Alumium in color solution, the color reaction exhibited high sensitivity (the apparent molar absorptivity obtained is 1.61×104 L/(mol.cm)), and the absorbance fit linear regression equation is A=0.0105+0.561X(μg/mL), the correlation coefficient is 0.9998, the detection limit of the method is 0.36 μg/L. The results obtained by this method in the determination of environment water samples were rapid, accurate and satisfactorily.

A simple, sensitive, green and low cost detection method based on the cloud point extraction (CPE) separation and spectrophotometry was proposed for the determination of lead. In pH=9.0 H3BO3 buffer solution, Pb(II) reacts with 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (5-Br-PADAP) in the presence of Triton X-100 yielding a hydrophobic complex, which then is extracted into micro-volume surfactant-rich phase. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 20-400 µg/L (at 560 nm). Under the optimized conditions, the detection limits of 10.94 µg/L and the relative standard deviations(RSD) of 2.0% (n=5) for Lead(II) were found, respectively. The sensitivity and absorbance of this method are at least five times higher when compared with that of usual 5-Br-PADAP spectrophotometry without CPE, and the proposed method has been applied to the determination of Lead in environment water samples with satisfactory results.

A new type anti-surge water transporting vehicle is designed for safety and stability of the vehicle during the driving. In order to study the safety and stability of the water transporting tank, the impact force caused by sloshing of the water transporting vehicle during normal driving, climbing and braking is analyzed respectively; Finally, a simulation test on the vehicle along a road 7000km long is carried out. The results show that the water transporting vehicle is not damaged and overturned under various kinds of worse driving conditions, such as on the road and field road, etc., thus it can meet requirements for safety and stability when driving under all kinds of road conditions.

Information resource break (especially information technology) the bottlenecks of the understanding demand for farmers. Experiential understanding of the content is the starting point for farmers receiving. Low cost experiential information service platform is using network path and terminal users to support multiple types of information resources for different farmers. Through enhance the effects of scientific and technological information services, and to break the limit farmers to master the key technology bottlenecks in information and knowledge, Thus to achieve the purposes of the farmers scientific production and modern life. As the development of the Internet, Instant Messaging will perform a wider use and is growing up day after day .Especially instant messaging system about enterprise has become a hot spot at home and abroad. Along with the development of the Internet, the use of instant messaging is becoming more and more widely, and the service providers also provide more and more rich communication service functions. This paper researches on the various kinds of Instant Messaging System, analyzes the functionality of Instant Messaging System, and proposes system architecture.

This paper describes a physical training device based on SST89C51 MCU and used to solve the current problems in the physical training. It also presents details on how to select materials about the device and how to design the software and hardware. The results show that this system has many advantages, such as high speed, high precision, low cost and stability So it will have good market prospects.

A new type all-terrain tracked water carrier is customized for water transportation with complicated terrains such as marsh, lake or dessert etc. The vehicle is designed based on combination of all-terrain tracked chassis and water storage tank. The tracked chassis provides the ferrying possibility, while tank structure and the thickness of heat-insulating layer is the key for successful ferrying. To further research the ferrying characteristics, the floatability and initial stability are analyzed. Then to optimize design of the vehicle, mathematic model of buoyancy center, reserve buoyancy and initial stability is established. At last, the field ferrying test is done. The results show the vehicle can ferry successfully in watered areas with a speed of 5.19km/h when fully loaded.

The lift forebody configuration of a small hypersonic vehicle is designed by using the wedge angle method in this paper. The lift forebody created has been optimized by the simplex method with a penalty function. The aerodynamic characteristics of the forebody optimized are investigated by numerical method. The research results show that the wedge angle method is a high efficient way to generate the lift forebody of the hypersonic vehicle; On the design mach number, there is pressure leaking between the upper and lower surface of lift forebody, which leads to lateral flow in the spanwise on the precompression plane, and which create the unhomogeneity of inlet flow field; Adding side skirts on the both sides, which can reduce the lateral flow on the forebody's precompression plane, it can raise the forebody lift.

The friction and wear properties of several common metal materials (45#, 25CrMn, and 40CrNiMo) friction pair under oil lubrication was investigated on M-200 Type wear tester, and studied the friction under the condition of differ sliding speed and pressure. The results show that: the 25CrMn/45# steel pair has better tribological and wear performance; the load is the main factor which influences the friction of the material at the low sliding speed; the main wear form is adhesive wear, but the wear mechanism is gradually became from adhesive wear to abrasive wear and flaking wear with the contact pressure and sliding speed increased.

With the further development of cloud computing and wireless body area network (WBAN), uploading the massive body signs parameters to the Internet for storage in real time has become possible. For the requirement of how to store the massive WBAN data, this thesis proposes the WBAN data storage method based on HBase, and elaborates how to design the storage architecture, the storage system and data query client by using HBase, a kind of tool in Hadoop platform. The WBAN data storage method based on HBase is important to efficiently manage the massive WBAN data.

This paper introduces the principles and characteristics of Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm, and aims at the shortcoming of PSO algorithm, which is easily plunging into the local minimum, then we proposes a new improved adaptive hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm. It adopts dynamically changing inertia weight and variable learning factors, which is based on the mechanism of natural selection. The numerical results of classical functions illustrate that this hybrid algorithm improves global searching ability and the success rate.

A new-type heat-insulating water transporting vehicle is designed to solve the problem that water transported in cold area is apt to be frozen. The vehicle shall be actively heated and passively heat-insulated with fuel oil heater and polyurethane insulation layer. Furthermore, it also can be automatically heated with the special management system by controlling the heater according to the water temperature and the ambient temperature. In order to study on the heat-insulation property of the vehicle, the temperature distribution of the water in the tank and heat losses from the tank with ANSYS; finally, the low temperature environmental test is carried out. The test result shows that the water temperature in the tank is reduced from 20°C to 19°C for 24h under ambient temperature of -25°C, the average overall heat transferring coefficient is 0.52W/(m2•K) and thus completely meets requirements for water transporting in cold areas.

This paper proposes the portfolio risk of tracking error based on CVaR, and gives the multi-stages index tracking model considering some real-world constraints. We use the observed historical data and econometric methods to estimate the parameters in our model, rather than assume the returns of risk asset follow some distributions, and use filtered historical simulation method to calculate the CVaR risk of the downside tracking error. We use PSO-DE hybrid algorithm for solving our model by using Shanghai security 50 index and stocks included by the index.

As one of VHF data links of ATN, VDL2 is publicly recognized as the next generation data-link in the transition period. The paper focused in the performance research of MAC, of which p-CSMA is the core protocol, based on network simulation. As the precondition of simulation, we build VDL2 model in an integral way and realize MAC process modules in both ground station side and aircraft side applying dynamic process and queue management mechanism. In the paper, Performance targets are defined to evaluate the system performance. Through simulation, trends between parameters and targets are reached and the relationships are revealed between packet delay and throughput\ packets strength.

Because of the complex structure and the changeable parameters of the DFIG and the shortcomings of the traditional PI controller, a new nonlinear P+C (C for constant) controller is raised to achieve the active power and reactive power decoupling control. The simulation results show the validity, effectiveness and robustness of the method in this paper.

With a brief introduction of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) and lost foam casting (LFC), there goes an issue about the simultaneous produce of casting and wear-resistant coating by the combination of such two techniques, which has a positive significance for energy conservation and sustainable development. Through the statement of some common hard phases generated by SHS such as TiC, WC and TiB2, it indicated that the hard phases had a good combination with iron, and thus demonstrated the feasibility of the simultaneous produce of casting and wear-resistant coating. In the end, the development and the trend of the future about this issue has been drawn.

Heating of a novel field shower equipment was computational simulated by CFD software in the schematic design phase, and the correction of simulation was verified in the environment laboratory. The results show that, the simulated temperature rise faster than the tested one. It took about 2 minutes earlier to arrive 25 °C, which is the design heating temperature for the shower equipment in cold environment. Since the simplification and assumption was used in the computational simulation, the simulation can reflect the objective situation.

Depending on the demand of structure model in product configuration design, product types that can be configured are described and analyzed. Based on semantic networks as a kind of available knowledge representation form and Extend A/O tree, structural model of configurable product is put forward. The structural relation, assembly relation and configuring option relation are included, semantic relation among assembly parts is also expressed. Finaly, configurable node model is proposed.

A novel adaptive method for singular geometric regions was proposed. Combined with conventional cut cell adaption, curvature cell adaption and solution adaption, adaptively refined Cartesian grid was automatically generated after geometries had been specified by users. Solid wall boundary was implemented by ghost body-cell method which efficiently relieved the time step restriction of small cut cells. Flow field was well resolved on adaptively refined Cartesian grid with finite volume method. Transonic flow around the RAE2822 airfoil and subsonic flow around the Suddhoo four-element airfoil are carefully investigated, which validate the efficiency of current approach and its feasibility in complicated geometric regions.

Large amounts of waste clay brick generated in the city expansion process, which formed serious harm on the city environment, and resulted in the waste to the aggregate resources. The waste clay brick was processed the recycled aggregate, which can be used for preparing the recycled concrete. The pretreatment method to recycled aggregate have certain influence on the compressive strength of recycled concrete, through the experiment, we can get that different pretreatment methods can improve accordingly the compressive strength of recycled concrete, and has certain reference significance to the reuse of recycled aggregate.

The influence of admixture of super-fine limestone powder and low-quality fly ash in different proportions on the fluidity and strength of cement mortar is studied. The test results show that the mortar fluidity increases with the increase of the super-fine limestone powder (the mixing amount of fly ash reduces), and the strength of cement mortar can improve when limestone powder and low-quality fly ash are combined admixed to a certain ratio. The maximum flexural strength of the 28d mortar is 9.8MPa and its maximum compressive strength is 42.2MPa, and at this time, the limestone powder accounts for 33.3% of the mineral admixtures. However, when the mixing amount of super-fine limestone powder is over a certain range, the strength of 28d cement mortar will reduce.

The means of active recommendation is now increasingly applied to many different domains as it might meet users’ growing demands of personalized information service in process of selective purchasing for products, and research of recommendation technology based on user’s characteristics has been a key role in study area of active recommendation. However, investigations were performed to view there are still some deficiencies on existing methods. Therefore, an active recommendation method based on users’ static and dynamic characteristics is present and this paper proceeds as following. Firstly, feature model of user interests is constructed by analyzing static and dynamic data of target users for specific recommend. After that, neighbor users who have similar attributes with object user are found by reference to user model. Last, preference of intended user for other resources is reasonably predetermined by calculating interestingness with combination of neighbors, finally in this way can the main theory basis of recommendation comes into being. So in this paper a new approach based on users’ characteristics is provided, and it is shown with this method can effectively solve problem of shortage of satisfaction of traditional recommendation.

Most of the methods for ontology merging need participation of domain experts and provide only partial automation with low efficiency. It is time-consuming and laborious especially when large amount of data are to be merged. In this paper, a method based on semantic is designed for ontology merging according to the case of ontologies to be merged. In this method, first the ontologies to be merged are conversed into a unified format. Then a secondary file is generated. After that semantic analysis is applied to secondary file and a dynamic SQL statements is generated automatically. At last the SQL statements are executed to finish ontology merging. It has been proved by the experiment that using this method would get good precision and high efficiency. Using this method, two ontologies Chinese Agricultural Thesaurus and AGROVOC of the Food and Agriculture Organization are merged successfully.

Distributed Generation that is usually installed in the client or near them is a kind of power equipment whose capacity is generally small in the tens of kilowatts to tens of megawatts, which becomes a hot research area at home and abroad in recent years. The method for power flow calculations on distribution networks face new challenges because of the access of distribution generation, while, modeling of distribution generation is the basis and precondition for the research of power flow calculations on distribution networks with distributed generations. The article studies the modeling of distributed generations in power flow calculations, anylies most distributed generation forms, focuses on the interpretation of the principle and essence of them, and establishes theoretical models apply to the flow calculations. The modeling lay a solid theoretical foundation for the power calculations on distribution networks with distributed generations.

A variety of information about location combined by information of location based service, such as location information, requesting location-specific and data of customized service. The mashup of personal and public data，location data and service data creates innovative service. The integration allows rich，personalized and contextualized user experiences. Most of Location Based Service is restricted to the mashup of service. These current designs makes it hard for users to mashup LBS from a variety of service providers. Many services such as value-added service, integration of LBS providers are difficult for designer. The paper give a framework about mashup included the Gird Feeds architecture, which abided by standard Web service. Using this method, LBS can be exposed in an open, web-friendly and aggregation-friendly way.

Closed concrete cut-off wall has been widely used in the reinforcement projects of earth-rock dam. However, the research on the cut-off wall was rare. In order to discuss the stress state of the wall under different engineering conditions, a coupled numerical model was established by considering coupled interaction, including contact between wall and dam, and coupling of stress and seepage. Taking the earth-rock dam which built on common foundation for example, the stress distribution of the wall and influencing law of different factors were mainly researched, including elastic modulus of the wall, deformation modulus of the dam filling materials, permeability coefficient of the dam foundation, etc. The conclusions had reference significance for the application and design and calculation method of concrete cut-off wall in the reinforcement projects of earth-rock dam.