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This article discusses the development of the Dirección de Trabajo Hidrográficos by the Spanish government for the purpose of ocean navigation and hydrography. It examines the creation of nautical charts, which documented many parts of the known world during the 18th century, according to the author. The author analyzes the importance of the charts and hydrographic research in the understanding of the world's oceans at the time. The role of the Dirección de Trabajos Hidrográficos in providing nautical information for scientific expeditions and research, including studies of climatic change, is also explored.