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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a silent epidemic and a global burden. However, when it comes to advancement in our quest to managing patients with head injuries, we seem to be making circles rather than moving forward. In this review paper, we focus on the current understandings in the pathogenesis of TBI that may aid us in providing newer avenues in management of the same. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the scalp is an uncommon entity. Its management is difficult because of its high shunt flow, complex vascular anatomy, and possible cosmetic complications. The etiology of scalp AVMs that is, cirsoid aneurysm may be spontaneous or traumatic. Clinical symptoms frequently include pulsatile mass, headache, local pain, tinnitus; and less frequently, hemorrhage and necrosis. Selective angiography is the most common diagnosis method. Surgical excision is especially effective in AVMs and the most frequently used treatment method. Here, we present one such case where staged embolization, excision, and subsequent grafting was done. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we discuss a rare case of posttraumatic cervicovertebral junction subdural hematoma and associated cisterna magna subarachnoid hemorrhage. Due to progression in the hydrocephalus, he has undergone midline suboccipital craniectomy and evacuation of the hematoma. The patient made an uneventful recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]