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Objective:  The focus of this triple-blind randomized study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of a new root canal filling sealer (RCFS) based on tristrontium aluminate and dodecacalcium hepta-aluminate in living tissue., Material and Methods:  Forty-five Wistar rats ( Rattus norvegicus ) were divided into three groups: control (polyethylene), sealer (Bio-C Sealer, Londrina, PR, Brazil), and experimental (tristrontium aluminate and dodecacalcium hepta-aluminate). The tissues were analyzed under an optical microscope to assess different cellular events at different time intervals (7, 15, and 30 days)., Statistical Analysis:  Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn ( p  < 0.05) tests., Results:  In the initial period, a moderate inflammatory infiltrate was observed, similar between the endodontic cements groups ( p  = 0.725). The intensity of the infiltrate decreased with time, with no significant difference among the groups ( p  > 0.05). The number of young fibroblasts was elevated in all groups evaluated at 7 days. The experimental group showed the highest number of cells at all time intervals, but the difference with the sealer group at 7 ( p  = 0.001) and 15 days ( p  = 0.002) and the control group at 30 days was not significant ( p  = 0.001). Regarding tissue repair events, the amount of collagen fibers increased over the experimental intervals, with no significant difference between the sealer and control groups ( p  > 0.05)., Conclusion:  The experimental RCFS based on calcium and strontium aluminates proved to be biocompatible for use in close contact with periapical tissue, inducing a low inflammatory reaction and favoring rapid tissue repair., Competing Interests: None declared., (The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).)

Objective:  The focus of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of ionomer cements modified with ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) in different concentrations and time intervals., Materials and Methods:  In total, one hundred and thirty-five male Wistar rats were randomized into nine groups: Control, Groups Meron, and Groups Ketac (conventional, and added with 10, 25, 50% EEP, respectively). Histological analyses of inflammatory infiltrate and collagen fibers, and immunohistochemistry of CD68+ for macrophages (MOs) and multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) were performed., Statistical Analysis:  Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn ( p < 0.05) tests., Results:  Intense inflammatory infiltrate was demonstrated in the cements with 10% EEP at 7 days and 15 days ( p < 0.05), only Group Ketac 10% EEP ( p = 0.01) at 30 days. A smaller quantity of collagen fibers was observed in the cements with 10% EEP ( p = 0.01) at 7 days, and Group Meron 10% EEP ( p = 0.04) at 15 days. MOs and MGCs showed significant difference for the cements with 10% EEP ( p = 0.01) at 7 and 15 days. At 30 days, MOs persisted in the Groups with 10% EEP., Conclusions:  The concentration of 10% EEP had the greatest influence on the inflammatory and tissue repair processes. The concentrations of 25 and 50% EEP demonstrated biocompatibility similar to that of cements that did not receive EEP., Competing Interests: None declared., (The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).)

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbiological and mechanical properties of glass ionomer cement (GIC) modified by chlorhexidine (CLX) for the purpose of cementing bands to the teeth of orthodontic patients., Materials and Methods: Ten patients, between the ages of 19 and 33 years, in the initial stage of orthodontic treatment, were randomly designated to two groups using the split-mouth design ( n = 10). One group (GICEX) had bands cemented with GIC modified by CLX and a Control group (GIC), evaluated at time intervals before (T0), 3 months (T3), and 6 months (T6) after cementation. Total microbiological counts were performed, and color stability of tooth enamel, salivary pH, and the adhesive remnant index (ARI) were evaluated., Statistical Analysis: The Friedman and Dunn's tests, Mann-Whitney, one-way analysis of variance, and Tukey, and paired and non-paired t -tests ( p < 0.05) were used., Results: In T3, there was evidence of significant reduction in the quantity of colony forming unit (CFU) in GICEX group in comparison with the Control ( p = 0.041). In T6, the quantity of CFU was similar to the quantity in T3 and significantly different to control ( p = 0.045); Control group demonstrated a similar quantity of CFU between the experimental time intervals ( p = 0.066). Salivary pH demonstrated significant difference only between the time intervals T0 and T6 ( p = 0.022). The tooth enamel color ( p = 0.366) and ARI ( p = 0.343) values demonstrated no significant changes., Conclusion: The incorporation of CLX into GIC demonstrated effective antibacterial action, allowed a good bond of the cement to the enamel, a high rate of survival of the bands, did not change the color of the tooth enamel, and maintained the salivary pH at physiological levels., Competing Interests: None declared., (European Journal of Dentistry. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).)

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the hemostatic activity of the sap from Jatropha mollissima (Pohl) Baill. in rats., Materials and Methods: Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomized into four groups ( n = 6): the JM25 and JM40 groups were treated with ethanolic extract from the sap of J. mollissima , in a concentration of 25 and 40 mg·mL 1 , respectively; the MO group was treated with Monsel's solution and the control group SC with a 0.9% sodium chloride solution., Statistical Analysis: Data were submitted to the Kurskal-Wallis' test, followed by Dunn's post hoc ( p < 0.05)., Results: There was a significant reduction in the bleeding time of the group from the JM25 extract ( p = 0.001) when compared with MO and SC. There were no statistically significant differences between groups JM25 and JM40 ( p > 0.05). The JM25 group did not present rebleeding, a result significantly different from the MO group ( p = 0.001). Monsel's solution showed significant bleeding, six times greater than the control group SC., Conclusion: The J. mollissima extract, in the concentration of 25 mg·mL 1 , showed the highest hemostatic efficiency and was found to be a promising biomaterial for the elaboration of a hemostatic product., Competing Interests: None declared., (European Journal of Dentistry. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).)

There are controversies related to the effects of bone grafts on tooth eruption and impaction in patients with cleft lip and palate. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of bone grafting on eruption of canines in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). An electronic search was conducted in six electronic databases and gray literature, without limitations on year of publication or language. The primary outcome was the increase in rate of canine eruption; the secondary outcomes were success of the bone graft, canine impaction due to agenesis of the lateral incisor, and effect of orthodontic treatment before and after bone grafting. The risk of bias was analyzed by means of the tool Cochrane risk of bias in nonrandomized controlled trials (NRCTs) of interventions (ROBINS-I). The certainty of the evidence was assessed for outcomes reported through a narrative synthesis using grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) approach. Four NRCTs were included, with a total of 360 patients, 283 UCLP and 77 bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP). The studies reported association between the increase in the rate of tooth eruption and bone graft with very low certainty of evidence, and greater experience of surgical success, with low certainty of evidence. The majority of the studies found an association between increase in the rate of canine impaction and agenesis of the lateral incisor, with very low certainty of evidence. There was very low certainty of the efficacy of secondary alveolar bone grafting for increasing the rates of eruption and reducing impaction of the maxillary canine., Competing Interests: None declared., (European Journal of Dentistry. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).)

This systematic review was focused on evaluating tooth autotransplantation, considering its impacts on the teeth, bone, soft tissues, and aesthetics in orthodontic patients. A bibliographic search was conducted without limitations on year of publication or language in the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Medline Complete, Cochrane, Clinical Trials, and Trials Central. For triage of articles, indications, surgical planning, orthodontic movement, risk factors for treatment, and long-term follow-ups were considered. For outcomes, the results with reference to teeth, alveolar bone, periodontal tissues, and esthetic satisfaction were considered. Risk of bias was evaluated using the methodological index for nonrandomized studies-MINORS. The results showed 10 controlled clinical trials, and no randomized clinical trials were found. The selected studies included 715 patients and 934 autotransplanted teeth among which there were premolars, molars, and anterior teeth evaluated in the long term, indicating that orthodontics associated with autotransplantation indicated a result that was generally clinically acceptable. The quality of the set of evidence was considered medium due to the presence of different methodological problems, risk of bias, and significant heterogeneity in the evaluated studies. There was a sufficient body of evidence that justified autotransplantation in patients who needed orthodontic movement. In teeth, there was an increase in root resorption influenced by orthodontics, but without impacting on the general clinical result in the long term. Bone and periodontal tissue do not appear to be affected by orthodontics. The patient's aesthetic satisfaction was not considered in the studies., Competing Interests: None declared.

Objectives:  The focus of this triple-blind randomized study was to evaluate the mechanical properties, antibacterial effect, and in vivo biocompatibility of glass ionomer cements (GICs) modified with ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP)., Materials and Methods:  For biocompatibility tests, 135 male Wistar rats were used and divided into nine groups: Group C (control, polyethylene), Groups M, M10, M25, M50 (Meron; conventional, and modified with 10%, 25%, 50% EEP, respectively), Groups KC, KC10, KC25, KC50 (Ketac Cem; conventional, and modified with 10%, 25%, 50% EEP, respectively). The tissues were analyzed under an optical microscope for different cellular events in different time intervals. Shear bond strength test (SBST) on cementation of metal matrices ( n = 10, per group), adhesive remnant index (ARI) in bovine incisors ( n = 10, per group), and antibacterial properties by the agar diffusion test ( n = 15, per group) were analyzed., Statistical Analysis:  Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn, and one-way analysis of variance test followed by Tukey's test ( p < 0.5)., Results:  Morphological evaluation demonstrated intense inflammatory infiltrate in Groups M10 and KC10 in the time intervals of 7 ( p = 0.001) and 15 ( p = 0.006) days. Multinucleated giant cells were shown to be more present in Group M1, with statistical difference from Control and KC50 Groups in the time interval of 7 days ( p = 0.033). The SBST showed no statistical significance among the groups ( p > 0.05). Antibacterial property showed a statistically significant difference between Meron and Meron 50%-EEP Groups, and between Ketac and Ketac 50%-EPP Groups ( p = 0.001)., Conclusions:  The intensity of histological changes resulting from the cements was shown to be inversely proportional to the concentration of propolis added; Ketac 50%-EPP was the concentration that had the most favorable biocompatibility results. Addition of EEP to GIC did not negatively change the SBST and ARI. Antibacterial property demonstrated a concentration-dependent effect., Competing Interests: None declared.