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Focuses on market forces, and analyzes key areas of emerging distributional tension, by (1) examining whether the labor market engagement of certain occupations has changed more relative to other occupations (the distributional tensions between workers in different occupations); (2) exploring whether economic and institutional forces (for example, pension arrangements or the availability of new job types) reduce the earnings prospects of some cohorts compared with others (younger and older generations) and increase the dispersion of incomes within the same cohort, potentially opening a generational divide (distributional tensions between and within cohorts); (3) examining whether people in certain geographical areas have more limited access to opportunities, including in building up their productivity through access to services; and (4) exploring whether the share of total inequality attributable to circumstances outside an individual’s control proves on the increase and how this affects the ability of workers to benefit from economic opportunities (distributional tensions from inequality of opportunity).