1. Tumor-specific urinary matrix metalloproteinase fingerprinting: identification of high molecular weight urinary matrix metalloproteinase species.
- Author
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Roy R, Louis G, Loughlin KR, Wiederschain D, Kilroy SM, Lamb CC, Zurakowski D, and Moses MA
- Subjects
- ADAM Proteins urine, ADAMTS7 Protein, Case-Control Studies, Dimerization, Humans, Immunoprecipitation, Male, Molecular Weight, Neoplasm Staging, Prognosis, Prostatic Neoplasms urine, Sensitivity and Specificity, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 urine, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms urine, Biomarkers, Tumor urine, Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 urine, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 urine, Prostatic Neoplasms enzymology, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms enzymology
- Abstract
Purpose: We have previously reported that matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2, MMP-9, and the complex MMP-9/NGAL can be detected in urine of patients with a variety of cancers including prostate and bladder carcinoma. In addition, we also detected several unidentified urinary gelatinase activities with molecular weights >125 kDa. The objective of the current study was to identify these high molecular weight (HMW) species, determine their potential as predictors of disease status, and ask whether a tumor-specific pattern existed based on urinary MMP analysis., Experimental Design: Chromatography, zymography, and mass spectrometry was used to identify HMW gelatinase species of approximately 140, 190, and >220 kDa in urine of cancer patients. To determine whether a tumor-specific pattern of appearance existed among the MMPs detected, we analyzed the urine of 189 patients with prostate or bladder cancer and controls., Results: The approximately 140, >220 kDa, and approximately 190 HMW gelatinase species were identified as MMP-9/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 complex, MMP-9 dimer, and ADAMTS-7, respectively. The frequency of detection of any MMP species was significantly higher in urine from prostate and bladder cancer groups than controls. MMP-9 dimer and MMP-9 were independent predictors for distinguishing between patients with prostate and bladder cancer (P < 0.001 for each) by multivariable analysis., Conclusions: This study is the first to identify a tumor-specific urinary MMP fingerprint that may noninvasively facilitate identification of cancer presence and type. This information may be of diagnostic and prognostic value in the detection and/or clinical monitoring of disease progression and therapeutic efficacy in patients with bladder or prostate cancer.
- Published
- 2008
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