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Copyright of Alcoholism & Drug Addiction / Alkoholizm i Narkomania is the property of Termedia Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background. In the female population, cervical cancer is classified as one of the tool ate diagnosed cancers. Cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates in Poland are among the highest in the European Union. The aim of the paper is the assessment of women's knowledge about cervical cancer based on the study of the feminine population in the county of Biała Podlaska. Material and methods. The study covered a group of 172 women living in the county of Biała Podlaska, Lubelskie Voivodeship, Poland. The research tool was an original questionnaire. The statistical analysis was performed using the STATISTICA v 10. program and the Pearson Chisquare test. Results. More than half of respondents (55.8%) indicated the following risk factors of cervical cancer: early onset of sexual life, many partners in a partner, infection of the cervix with HPV and herpes viruses, many deliveries, and smoking. The majority of respondents (62.2%) believe that cytology and gynecological examination are part of the preventive examination. Conclusions. 1. Respondents' knowledge about the risk factors of cervical cancer is sufficient. 2. Respondents above 26 years of age possess knowledge about human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination as a means of preventing cervical cancer. 3. Young women's knowledge about HPV vaccination is insufficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Alcoholism & Drug Addiction / Alkoholizm i Narkomania is the property of Termedia Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is a working diagnosis in about 10% of cases presenting with symptoms suggestive of acute myocardial ischaemia and no significant atherosclerotic plaques in coronary angiography. It is a heterogenous clinical entity with a complex aetiology and always requires a challenging work-up. The final diagnosis may confirm any coronary pathology (dissection, spasm, thrombus) or significantly differ from the previous one (myocarditis, takotsubo cardiomyopathy). This paper focuses on the current knowledge on MINOCA, guidelines on the management of patients, and indicates new research areas to further elucidate this issue. The most important message is that MINOCA is a serious condition with outcomes at least as serious as in myocardial infarction resulting from coronary atherosclerosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cardiovascular diseases, including coronary artery disease (CAD), are the leading cause of death among women and men. Mortality among women is higher than in men. Women more often report atypical anginal symptoms. Non-invasive diagnostic testing of CAD is less sensitive and characteristic in women than in men. Coronary angiography and rewascularization of coronary arteries is less common in women. However, women, who undergo angiography have lower rates of obstructive CAD. The worse prognosis of CAD in women is associated with the fact that the onset of obstructive coronary artery disease in women occurs 7-10 years later than in men. Older women are also more often burdened with comorbidities. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics, diagnostics, and treatment of CAD in women and men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: So far, the association between a longer sleep duration, state of health and the risk of obesity and the influence of gender on the association between sleep duration and the risk of obesity has not been fully explained. Aim of the research: To examine the relationships between self-reported sleep duration, body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (%BF) and also to determine whether such associations are the same in men and in women. Material and methods: This study included 10,367 participants aged 37 to 66 years. Logistic regression was applied for risk assessment of the prevalence of abnormal BMI values and %BF in groups of sleep duration. Sleep of 7-8 h per night was adopted as a reference level. Results: In men, the risk of obesity was significantly greater only in the group sleeping ⩽ 6 h (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.08-1.28; p < 0.05); however, in women, only among those sleeping ⩾ 9 h (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02-1.26; p < 0.05). The risk of obesity, determined on the basis of %BF, was higher only in individuals sleeping ⩾ 9 h. In the adjusted model, it turned out to be significant in the general study population (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.07-1.53; p < 0.05) and in women (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.03-1.27; p < 0.05). Conclusions: In women, a greater risk of obesity was related to a longer sleep duration (⩾ 9 h), whereas in men, the tendency of obesity occurrence along with shorter sleep (⩽ 6 h). Thus, the physiological consequences of sleep duration may be different in women than in men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: It has been stated that besides the traditional elements of lifestyle such as diet and physical activity, an additional factor, namely sleep, is involved in metabolic processes, hormonal functions, and energy homeostasis. Aim of the research: To examine relationships between self-reported sleep duration and the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components, both for men and women. Material and methods: The study involved 10,367 individuals, aged 37 to 66 years. The definition of MetS applied in this paper was developed by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Logistic regression was applied to assess the risk (odds ratio-OR) of MetS and its components. Results: There was no relationship observed between short sleep duration (⩽ 6 h) and the risk of MetS. Long sleep duration (⩾ 9 h) was connected with a higher risk of MetS only in the unadjusted model (OR = 1.11). After adjusting for confounders, a significant association was found between long sleep duration and a higher risk of abdominal obesity in the test group as a whole (OR = 1.16), as well as in the men in the group (OR = 1.22). In women, both with short (OR = 1.08) and long (OR = 1.12) sleep duration, the risk of increased concentration of glucose was found. Conclusions: Our study did not confirm the existence of an association between inadequate sleep duration and the risk of MetS, defined in accordance with IDF criteria. Sleep duration, however, is connected with some of the MetS components. It is therefore necessary to conduct further, long-term tests in this regard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wprowadzenie: Dane z piśmiennictwa dotyczące wrażliwości na insulinę nie są jednoznaczne i wskazują na podobną, wyższą lub niższą wrażliwość na działanie tego hormonu u kobiet w porównaniu z mężczyznami. Większość dotychczas przeprowadzonych badań dotyczyła osób w średnim lub starszym wieku z nadwagą lub otyłością, często o nieznanej wydolności fizycznej. Cel badań: Poszukiwanie zależności między stężeniem insuliny i glukozy w osoczu, a maksymalnym poborem tlenu, zawartością tkanki tłuszczowej i beztłuszczowej masy ciała u młodych, szczupłych kobiet i mężczyzn. Materiał i metody: Zbadano 151 studentów (75 mężczyzna, 76 kobiet) o procentowej zawartość tkanki tłuszczowej nieprzekraczającej odpowiednio 20% i 30%. Maksymalny pobór tlenu oceniano w czasie wysiłku wykonywanego na cykloergometrze. Stężenia glukozy oznaczano kolorymetrycznie (Randox Laboratories, Wielka Brytania), a insuliny – radioimmunologicznie (BioSource, Belgia). Wyniki: U obu płci stwierdzono istotną i ujemną korelację między maksymalnym poborem tlenu a procentową zawartością tkanki tłuszczowej (u kobiet r=-0,234; p

Introduction: Surgical treatment in gynaecology has a specific influence on a woman’s life and has a psychological effect because of the organs involved. Self-assessment and women’s health control location after gynaecological operation determine the treatment and rehabilitation process. Aim of the research: Self-assessment and women’s health control location after gynaecological operation evaluation was the aim of this study. Material and methods: There were 167 women after gynaecological treatment evaluated. Patients were registered in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology department and the Gynaecology outpatient Clinic in Chełm Public Specialist Hospital. MHCL version B scale with polish adaptation (Z. Juszyński) and sociodemographic, self-evaluation, and health control questionnaires created by the authors were used. This analysis used Kołmogorow-Smirnow, U Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Confidence intervals of p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 were established. IBM SPSS Statistics software was used. Results and conclusions: Most of the women after their gynaecological operations (61.1%) revealed their health perception as good and only one (0.6%) as poor. Over half of the patients self-assessed themselves as a valuable person (56.3%) and womanlike (55.1%), whilst a small number of patients stated as not attractive, impoverished, worse than others, useless, or worthless. The highest self-assessment scores were from women in early stages after their operation, e.g. from one month to one year after treatment (M = 14.95). MHLC scale analysis showed that most of the patients overbalanced internal health self-control (M = 25.33), indicating that life control is dependent on the patient. Respondents who stated their health status as poor in every health control scale had higher results. Age and education had a significant influence on the MHCL and self-assessment scales (p < 0.001). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. The topic that is increasingly discussed is the contribution of personality traits to many aspects of life, including maintenance and restoration of health. Since health status is an essential element of quality of life, the latter may be significantly influenced by personality. Objectives. The aim of this study was to determine how personality traits influence the quality of life of late reproductive age women. Material and methods. The study included 345 late reproductive age healthy women selected according to a standardized classification STRA W. They were women at the age of 42.3 ± 4.5 years from the West Pomeranian Voivodship. Personality traits were measured using Costa and McCrae's NEO-Five Factor Inventory adapted into Polish by Zawadzki, Strelau, Szczepaniak and Śliwińska. Quality of life was assessed by the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Results. Personality traits which had the highest levels were openness to experience and agreeableness. Bodily fitness as well as physical and emotional functioning were assessed highest by the study participants. In the study group, neuroticism, extroversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness and openness to experience correlated with the majority of quality of life variables. Conclusions. 1. Health-related quality of life is shaped by personality factors, which are relatively stable throughout life. 2. High neuroticism considerably contributes to health-related quality of life. 3. The awareness of the fact that personality traits influence the quality of women's lives will enable a family doctor to optimize diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to analyze some personal determinants of cereal, fruit and vegetable consumption in a group of menopausal women. We analyzed selected individual characteristics, such as the level of general self-efficacy, optimism, and satisfaction with life. The study, using a questionnaire assessing the frequency of food product consumption and psychological scales (GSES, LOT-R, SWLS), included 320 women aged between 45 and 55 years. Statistical analysis of the Spearman's rank coefficients of correlation revealed that increased BMI was associated with a significantly higher frequency of white bread consumption (p < 0.05), and decreased consumption of brown rice, whole grains (p < 0.01), wholegrain noodles, oat meal (p < 0.05), raw and green vegetables (p < 0.01), and fruits, including citruses (p < 0.01). The level of self-efficacy correlated positively with the consumption frequency of white rice (p < 0.05), noodles, raw, cooked, and green vegetables (p < 0.01), and fruits, including citruses (p < 0.01). The level of optimism was positively correlated with the frequency of brown rice, noodle, whole grain and oat meal consumption (p < 0.01). Higher levels of satisfaction with life were associated with more frequent consumption of brown rice, noodles, whole grains, oat meal (p < 0.01), and cooked vegetables (p < 0.05), as well as with a lower frequency of white bread consumption (p < 0.05). The tendencies documented in the correlation analysis were further confirmed by intergroup comparisons with the Kruskal- Wallis and Dunn tests (p < 0.05). Our study revealed that the frequency of selected cereal, fruit and vegetable consumption varies depending on individual characteristics, with a tendency to more rational nutritional choices among women with higher levels of self-efficacy, optimism and satisfaction with life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The need for pro-health behaviour emerges most frequently in situations of a life change, a disease or an increased risk of falling ill. Cancer usually leads to abandonment or limitation of the life activity pursued so far. Pro-health behaviour is one of the necessary conditions of returning to fitness. Poland belongs to a group of countries with an average incidence of breast cancer, but the awareness level of disease prevention is still insufficient. Mastectomy is a strenuous treatment for a woman, both physically and psychologically, and the new situation demands change in the previous way of life. Aim of the study: The main objective of the paper was to evaluate health factors among women after mastectomy. Material and methods: The researched material was collected using standardized research tools: Health Behaviour Inventory and List of Health Criteria. The research was conducted among 104 women after radical treatment of breast cancer. Results: The dominant type of health behaviour was preventive behaviour (M = 3.72), while correct dietary habits were the least valued (M = 3.01). Differences were pointed out in valuing health by the respondents, depending on the examined demographic features. Conclusions: The general health behaviour was at a level above the average (M = 86.09). A relation of demographic features to preferred health behaviour was observed, according to the education level (rs = -0.22) and duration of the disease (rs = 0.24). The respondents put the highest value on health understood as a condition (M = 1.36) and not as an effect of conscious actions, and identified it with the ability to enjoy life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to analyze the consumption frequency of dairy products depending on selected individual traits (level of self-efficacy, optimism, and satisfaction with life) in a group of perimenopausal women. The study, using the questionnaire for the assessment of food product consumption frequency, and psychological tests (GSES, LOT-R, SWLS), was conducted in a group of 320 women aged between 45 and 55. The Spearman's coefficients of rank correlation and the Kruskal-Wallis test with the Dunn test for multiple comparisons were used for statistical analysis (p < 0.05). Statistical analysis revealed that the level of self-efficacy correlated positively with the consumption frequency of low-fat cottage cheese, kefir (p < 0.05), buttermilk and natural yoghurt (p < 0.01), and was inversely correlated with the consumption of high-fat milk and high-fat cottage cheese (p < 0.01). The level of optimism showed a positive correlation with the frequency of kefir and fruit yoghurt consumption (p < 0.05), and was inversely correlated with the consumption of high- and low-fat milk (p < 0.05) and high-fat cottage cheese (p < 0.01). An increased level of satisfaction with life was associated with a more frequent consumption of kefir (p < 0.05) and fruit yoghurt (p < 0.01), and with a lower consumption of high- and low-fat milk (p < 0.05) and high-fat cottage cheese (p < 0.01). The level of self-efficacy significantly influenced mean consumption frequency of high- (p < 0.0001) and low-fat milk (p < 0.05), high-fat cottage cheese, buttermilk, and natural (p < 0.0001) and fruit yoghurt (p < 0.01), and the levels of optimism and satisfaction with life exerted a significant effect on the frequency of consumption of high-fat milk, high-fat cottage cheese, and fruit yoghurt (p < 0.01). Overall, our study showed that the frequency of dairy product consumption among 45-55-year-old women is low and varies depending on the analyzed individual traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of group therapy based on meaning in life, self-efficacy, body image or the combination of the three factors in improving the quality of life in menopausal women. Material and methods: The research sample consisted of 54 menopausal women (45-55 years) selected from women's associations at cultural centers in Tehran. There were four experimental groups (group therapy based on meaning in life, self-efficacy, body image and a combination of the three factors) and a control group. A quality of life questionnaire (sf-36) was used as a pre-test, post-test and follow-up test (3 months after group therapy) measure in each of the five groups. The group therapy sessions for the experimental groups were held 12 times (for 3 months). Statistical analysis was performed using variance analysis tests, Schefe follow-up tests and covariance analysis. Results: Results of covariance analysis showed a significant increase in quality of life as a result of group therapy based on meaning in life (p < 0.05), group therapy based on self-efficacy (p < 0.05) and group therapy based on the combination of three factors (p < 0.01). Group therapy based on body image alone resulted in no significant changes in quality of life. Follow-up test results after the three-month period showed continuity of the results. Conclusions: Group therapy based on a combination of meaning in life, self-efficacy and body image offers a higher and more durable increase in quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An appropriate level of androgens plays an important role in many physiological functions in women, such as sexual, metabolic and psychological ones. It is well established that extreme levels of circulating androgens, whether low or high, may lead to negative effects on women's health. This article is a review of knowledge of the physiological role and changes of androgen levels in peri- and postmenopausal women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim of the study: To evaluate sexual functioning and sexual quality of life in women with multiple sclerosis (MS) and to investigate how it is correlated with the occurrence of sexual dysfunctions. Material and methods: We have investigated women with definite multiple sclerosis. The data were obtained through an interview, self-administered questionnaires including the Female Sexual Function Questionnaire (SFQ28) and the Sexual Quality of Life Questionnaire - Female Version (SQoL-F), and neurological examination using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Appropriate analyses were performed to investigate the differences between subgroups and relevant correlations. Results: 137 women at the mean age of 50.7, with MS duration of 16.4 years and EDSS score of 5.2 have completed the study. The most common sexual dysfunctions were hypoactive sexual desire, arousal and orgasmic dysfunctions. They were much more prevalent in comparison to the general population of Polish women. The mean SQoL-F score was 63.4 and it was much higher in women who assessed their relationship with the partner positively. A strong positive correlation between the occurrence of a particular sexual dysfunction, sexual and relationship enjoyment and the sexual quality of life was found. Conclusions: The study indicates that sexual dysfunctions are much more prevalent in MS women and confirms an important influence of sexual dysfunctions on their sexual quality of life. Preserving a good relationship with the partner is a significant factor that improves sexual functioning and quality of life irrespective of the degree of neurological impairment. This should be taken into account when considering therapeutic solutions in MS female patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism is the property of Termedia Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)