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Background and Objectives: Microbial safety of the fresh fruits is a global concern. The production of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) in Iran has grown 4.5% from 2016 to 2019. Little information is available about the microbiological quality of strawberry produced in Iran. The objective of this investigation was to assess the fecal Escherichia coli (FEC) contamination of fresh strawberries of south of Kerman province where is the centers of production and supply of strawberries to other parts of Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, the FEC of a total number of 109 strawberry samples, which were collected from green-houses of strawberry of Kerman province during three months, were enumerated using the most probable number (MPN) as described by Iranian National Standards Organization, protocol No.2946, and interpreted using the latest statute released by Iran Veterinary Organization, Executive order number 2946, released in 2011. Results: MPN of FEC counted in strawberries ranged between 110 (n=19) per gram (g) having a mean, mode, and median value of 250.3, 100 MPN/g. Conclusion: Our findings may be resulted from the sanitary quality of the farm and strawberries of the study area, which indicated that the microbial safety of the strawberries in this survey was not satisfactory, alarming public health.

Abortion of the disabled fetus is among the challenges of medical ethics, and decision-making in this respect is subject to a major controversy between Islam and Western philosophies. One reason is skepticism about the continued existence and evolution of the human soul after death, which has resulted in legitimacy of abortion of disabled fetuses in the West. Islam and Islamic philosophers, however, attribute great importance to the soul and its evolution, and therefore in decisions related to such embryos all aspects of the body and soul are considered, with more emphasis on the latter. Some issues that are raised in the Islamic worldview include: What is the reason behind embryonic defects? And does a disabled fetus also suffer from a defect in the soul? The present paper is a descriptive-analytical non-systematic review that uses a data collection approach. Regardless of the issue of ensoulment, the study intends to examine the evolution of the spirit (nafs) in the fetus during various stages of life (vegetative, animal and human) based on Mulla Sadra and Imam Khomeini's perspectives. It also aims to conduct a philosophical investigation into defects in creation and to find the answer to the important question of whether the soul of a disabled fetus is also imperfect. Findings of this study show that based on Mulla Sadra's views, all living things have been created in the best and most perfect form. The disabled fetus is not an exception and therefore has a perfect soul, but the appearance of the soul in a malformed body is defective. The imperfection may have two causes: first, a wrong choice made by the soul of the disabled fetus in the world before this one, i.e. the Zar world, although the concept is among the unfolded mysteries of creation unfathomable by human knowledge; second, effect of the genes and/or the environment, regardless of the choice made by the soul of the disabled fetus in the world of Zar. However, since decision making regarding abortion of disabled fetuses is still a matter of controversy in medical ethics, further studies from the perspective of Islamic philosophy seem necessary to help resolve the issue and provide ethical guidelines based on Islamic principles [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]