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ackground & Aim: Performance appraisal is one of the most important duties for nursing managers. This will improve the quality of nursing care, and it needs suitable approaches and effective strategies in nursing services. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of performance appraisal using management by objective approach on nursing care quality. Methods & Materials: This was a quasi-experimental and single-blind study that was carried out in two surgical units of an affiliated hospital of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. 80 patients were selected using a randomized sampling. The quality of nursing care were controlled in both experiment and control units before and after the performance appraisal procedure. The procedure was programmed on the basis of management by objective approach for six months in the experiment unit. In the intervention unit, nursing performance appraisal was done three times and in every time head nurse and supervisors participated in giving feedbacks and recommendations for the nurses. At the end of the intervention, quality of nursing care was assessed in both groups blindly. The results were compared and statistically analyzed. Results: Significant difference was found between quality of nursing care in the experiment and control units (P

Background & Aim: Patient education, one of the most important nurses responsibilities, depend on their motivation therefore, this study was performed and the purpose of the study was for determining the nurses motivating factors related to the patients education . Methods & Materials: A descriptive cross sectional research was carried out among the nurses in the hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of medical science. Sample population was 214 nurses selected by stratified & cluster sampling. Data was collected by questioner through self reporting. The data were analyzed by SPSS computer software. Descriptive statistic and 2 Test, Fisher Exact Test, Exact Test Mont Carlo were used. Results: Data of motivating factors categorized in 3 levels, high, moderate, low with Lickrate scale showed that in nurses’ opinion salary and payment (48%), facilities (49.5%), supervision (57.5%), have average effect on their motivation related to the patient education. Job security (68%), respect & appreciation (76%), career development (74%), work-interest (81.5%), knowledge (85.5%), professional responsibilities (90%) have much effect on their motivation related to the patient education. Statistical test showed a meaningful relation between demographic variables and motivating factors. Conclusion: According to the findings, Job security, respect & appreciation, career development, work-interest, knowledge, professional responsibility have much effect on the motivation for patient education.

Background & Aim: Nurses have the major role at care continuity and health promotion. They frequently affect total productivity in a organization. However, the nurses believe that due to several barriers they have not desire productivity, therefore the health care have been left at level of quality. The aim of this research are assessing nurses' view about productivity and role of human resource on it. Methods & Materials: This study has been done based on grounded theory method. Open interviews has been used for gathering of data. Sampling was purposive in beginning study but so that study was proceeding and categories were completed, it changes to theoretic sampling. Constant comparative analysis was method of data analyses. Results: Essential themes emerged from the data in human resource category. These are: systemic calculating number of staff, accurate staff select and use criteria for them, provide adequate staff from various categories in total year's day, accept patient when as coordinate to in charge nurse and well communication. These make necessary groundwork for productivity. Then accidents that emerged from inappropriate quantity and quality of human resource will be decreased. These enhance nursing productivity the biggest group of health care services. Model of Productivity and human resource effects on it’s, from nurses' view, has concluded of this research. Conclusion: In nurses' view that participates in this research, human resource can affect on productivity process and improve it, then it lead to develop quality care- health care vision and goal.

Background & Objective: Invasive procedures are severe stressors for "nin-patient children. The stress result in sleep disorder, reduced concentration, and increased pain. Nowadays, pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions are used to control stress. We aimed to assess the effect of massage on children's anxiety level before intensive procedures. Methods & Materials: In this clinical trial, 70 children aged 7-11 were recruited from a children hospital. The participants were randomly allocated to the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received massage therapy in the Yeen tang point and palms for five minutes. The control group received the usual care. Anxiety was measured using OSBD-R. Data were analyzed using Mann-Wittny and Willcoxon statistical tests. Results: The anxiety level was not significantly different between two groups before the intervention (Control group: 3.24±0.48; Intervention group: 3.24±0.56) (P=0.472). Following the massage, the anxiety level decreased significantly in the intervention group (Intervention group: 1.57±0.54; Control group: 3.37±0.46) (P