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Individuals with sexual and gender minority (SGM) identities often have complicated relationships with religion, and there is often a degree of perceived conflict between the religious and SGM identities. This systematic review identifies and synthesises evidence from studies that have explored various identity management strategies that have been adopted to mitigate this conflict. Searches were conducted on 29 March 2024 in PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, PsycEXTRA, CINAHL Complete, LGBTQ+ Source, and Scopus for peer-reviewed articles, grey literature, and dissertations. Included studies were published in English, had a quantitative study design, and reported on the identity management strategies of religious SGMs. The search yielded 26 cross-sectional studies (n = 15,622), with five management strategies being identified; identity conflict (n = 11), rejecting religion (n = 7), rejecting sexuality (n = 3), compartmentalisation (n = 1), and identity integration (n = 17). Importantly, identity integration and rejecting religion were consistently associated with psychosocial benefits, with identity conflict, rejecting sexuality, and compartmentalisation being a risk factor for poorer health. The factors most frequently reported as facilitating protective identity management strategies was to have social support from religious groups. This review found that reconciliation of religious and SGM identities is not only possible, but relatively frequent (and has protective benefits). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores how a public written response to anti-LGBT+ legislation in Ghana also functioned as a religious educational intervention to shape future visions of tolerant pluralism in Ghanaian society. Navigating the intersection of politics and religion, the Interfaith Diversity Network of West Africa (IDNOWA) lodged a religious objection to the 'Promotion of Proper Human Sexual Rights and Ghanaian Family Values Bill, 2021', which criminalises non-heteronormative sexualities. The paper discusses how IDNOWA's approach reflects an African vision of pluralism which anchors itself in Ghana's religious and cultural traditions, and in pluralist models from Africa and beyond. In the spirit of action science, it calls for RE that highlights internal diversity within religious communities and that lifts up pluralist 'heroes' in the classroom and broader society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) adults face unique challenges in accessing smoking cessation care due to stigma tied to their identities and smoking. While cessation apps show promise in the general population, their efficacy for SGM adults is unclear. This study utilized data from a randomized trial to compare two cessation apps, iCanQuit (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-based) and QuitGuide (US Clinical Practice Guidelines-based) among 403 SGM adults. The primary outcome was self-reported complete-case 30-day abstinence from cigarette smoking at 12 months. Mediation analyses explored whether interventions operated through acceptance of cues to smoke and app engagement. At 12 months, quit rates did not differ between arms (26% iCanQuit vs. 22% QuitGuide, OR = 1.22; 95% CI: 0.74 to 2.00, p =.43). iCanQuit positively impacted cessation via acceptance of cues to smoke (indirect effect = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.50, p <.001) and demonstrated higher engagement (no. logins, 28.4 vs. 12.1; p <.001) and satisfaction (91% vs. 75%, OR = 4.18; 95% CI: 2.12 to 8.25, p <.001) than QuitGuide. Although quit rates did not differ between arms, acceptance of cues to smoke seemed to play a crucial role in helping SGM adults quit smoking. Future interventions should consider promoting acceptance of cues to smoke in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sexual and gender minoritized (SGM) individuals in high-stigma areas may use cannabis to cope with unmet healthcare needs and elevated stress. Adults in Oklahoma (Mage = 43.9[SD = 16.8], 54.5% female, 71.4% non-Hispanic White) completed a cross-sectional survey (August-September 2022). Logistic regression examined the association of SGM identity (SGM or non-SGM) with past-year unmet healthcare need (yes/no). Logistic and linear regressions also examined main and interactive effects of SGM identity and unmet healthcare needs on past-month medical cannabis use and number of relaxation/tension-reduction reasons for cannabis use endorsed. Analyses were unadjusted and adjusted for sociodemographic and healthcare characteristics. In adjusted analyses, SGM (vs. non-SGM) adults were more likely to report unmet healthcare needs (aOR = 2.24, 95% CI[1.47, 3.42], p <.001) and past-month medical cannabis use (aOR = 2.15 [1.07, 4.34], p =.033). In unadjusted analyses, SGM (versus non-SGM) adults and those with unmet healthcare needs (versus without) endorsed more relaxation/tension reduction reasons for cannabis use in separate main effects (ps <.029), and adults with unmet healthcare needs (vs. without) were more likely to report past-month medical cannabis use (OR = 2.31 [1.86, 2.88]). SGM identity X unmet healthcare need interactions did not emerge (ps >.05). SGM individuals in high-stigma environments may use cannabis to compensate for insufficient healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bisexual people have been found to have a higher risk of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) than other sexualities (heterosexual people, gay men). Theories suggest that rumination and discrimination may contribute to the increased risk. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the association state rumination and binegativity have with NSSI urges and behaviour in young bisexual people. The present study was part of a larger research project, the Self-Injury in young Bisexual people: A micro-Longitudinal investigation (SIBL) study. The present study utilised a micro-longitudinal, single group design to assess rumination, binegativity and NSSI every week for a six-week period. Multi-level linear regression was used to examine the association between study variables and NSSI urges and behaviour at the same time point and with the predictors lagged by one week. A total of 207 bisexual young people were recruited to the SIBL research project. Rumination and binegativity were found to be associated with NSSI urges, both concurrently, and prospectively, even when adjusting for other variables. Rumination and binegativity were also associated with NSSI, but only in concurrent analyses. Binegativity did not interact with self-compassion when predicting concurrent NSSI urges or behaviour. Limitations include the reliance on self-selection and self-report data, which may have resulted in biased results and inflated relationships. In addition, the sample were 80% White with 76% of people residing in the UK or U.S.A. Both rumination and binegativity are associated with NSSI risk in young bisexual people. Psychological interventions that target rumination may be beneficial, alongside social interventions to reduce binegativity. Future research should focus on testing a rumination-focused therapy with this population or investigating additional factors with a non-bisexual comparison group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, intersex, asexual, or other gender identities or sexual orientations (LGBTQIA+) often face workplace bias or discrimination. Unique dynamics in academic neuroscience, psychology, and psychiatry departments warrant specific investigation. Trainee, staff, and faculty participants (N = 534) completed an online survey assessing identity and workplace experiences. Many respondents were not out about their identity at work (46%) despite most being out personally (81%). A positive workplace climate is critical to outness, career satisfaction, and mental health. Experiences of exclusionary behaviour (24%) and depression (37%) were common. Qualitative responses called for explicit LGBTQIA+ inclusion in diversity and classroom curricula, structural and financial support for LGBTQIA+ people, and greater support for individuals of colour and/or identifying as trans. Respondents expressed a pervasive sentiment that academic institutions should avoid putting undue, unpaid burden of diversity work on minoritized individuals and should aim to promote meaningful structural change rather than creating the appearance of inclusivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to explore how and why a local conglomerate in Sri Lanka (Pride-H) decided to introduce Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transexual (LGBT) inclusivity to their policies and practices, contravening legal, social and religious strictures. Under the interpretive research paradigm and qualitative research design, an embedded case study approach was employed. In-depth interviews and publicly available information were used as data for the study. Theoretically, this paper draws on institutional logics perspective and organizational filters. The findings reveal that the decision and initiative for LGBT inclusivity at Pride-H emerged through interconnected sequences and logics – specifically, the convergence of social justice and corporate logics. Additionally, certain organizational attributes, such as being a market leader, one of the largest conglomerates in the country, possessing an extensive customer and stakeholder base, and demonstrating a commitment to values of equal treatment, functioned as filters to counteract conflicting state, cultural, and religious strictures (logics). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Past research has shown significant inequities in mental health outcomes between rainbow and non-rainbow people, particularly for youth. Rainbow youth report mixed experiences when accessing support, signalling the need for increased rainbow competency training for mental health professionals (MHPs). While previous research has explored the experiences of rainbow young people, little research has sought direct messages from rainbow youth to training MHPs. The current study presents a thematic analysis of messages from rainbow rangatahi (14–24 years) to training MHPs. We identify six themes: (1) check your assumptions, (2) treat us with empathy and respect, (3) earn our trust, (4) you need to self-reflect, (5) balance getting to know me with educating yourself, and (6) hear our stories. Participants' responses describe their experiences within the mental health sector and in life, and their recommendations for what practitioners should both implement and avoid in their practice. We reflect on whether current recommendations for MHPs working with rainbow people align with these messages. Finally, we discuss the possibility of personal narratives enacting social change. The findings of the current study reflect the need for rainbow cultural competency training, grounded in the voices of rainbow people, to become mandatory for all MHPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are scant LGBT+ studies in Southeast Asia exploring mental health differences across multiple social identities. Using data from the Malaysian KAMI Survey (n = 718), we conducted bivariate regression analyses to investigate the association between sociodemographic backgrounds and the prevalence of depression, anxiety, non-suicidal self-injury, and suicidality. Results showed that younger participants, those questioning their sexual orientation (compared to gay or lesbian), cisgender women, trans men, and non-binary individuals (compared to cisgender men) reported significantly higher levels of mental ill-health. Our intercategorical analysis builds a foundation for future intersectional-based research in response to public health challenges for vulnerable LGBT+ groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractObjective: While some recommendations for neuropsychologists have been established regarding best practices when working with gender and sexual minorities, there are many assessment practices that could contribute to disparities for LGBTQ+ patients. The purpose of the current preliminary study is to collect initial information on practitioner perceptions of non-inclusivity in our instruments, allow neuropsychologists who attempt to increase inclusivity to share their approaches with others, and use the information to guide future, larger-scale studies and advocacy efforts. Method: Forty-six participants (mostly doctoral level neuropsychologists) completed a survey related to their experiences with inclusive and non-inclusive language in test materials. Results: The majority of respondents reported encountering non-inclusive language, with many having made changes in their practices as a result. Respondents highlighted concerns specific to neuropsychological instruments and questionnaires as well as normative data specific to the LGBTQ+ population. Respondents provided several examples for improvements. Conclusions: Based on these initial findings, several suggestions and future directions are highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the most recent changes to the Relationships and Sex Education (RSE) curriculum in England encourage primary schools to include LGBT content, this inclusion is primarily focused on teaching about different types of families. In view of this, and recent research suggesting the dominance of homonormative LGBT inclusion in primary schools, this article uses interview and questionnaire data from 363 primary school teachers and school workers alongside policy analysis of the RSE curriculum to illuminate the type of LGBT content present in English primary schools, and the factors underpinning its inclusion. LGBT inclusion in this data was found to largely exclude non-familial presentations, which were seen at times as relatively less accessible and less appropriate. Using the theoretical work of Michel Foucault and Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, this article examines how the dominance of homonormative presentations in the LGBT content demonstrates the complexity of the line between the queer and heteronormative, offering a degree of LGBT inclusion in primary schools that sustains certain normative ideas of what is appropriate in the curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to explore the experiences, needs, and interests of queer people who are also neurodivergent, or live with a chronic illness or disability (i.e. IMMI: individuals with multi-minority identities) in Italy and the Netherlands. Five focus groups were conducted in Italy with 22 queer IMMI to identify their most relevant topics regarding and experiences with sex education. Building on the discussion topics of the focus groups, a survey in Italian and English was distributed via snowball sampling. The survey was created to explore the experiences related to sex education in the two countries. The final sample of respondents included 138 (97 Italian, 41 Dutch) queer IMMI. Results indicated that sex education received in both formal (e.g. school) and informal (e.g. family) contexts failed to include information that was sensitive and supportive of queer community’s experiences. Participants reported the need to explore more topics addressing the specific needs of different identity intersections. Cross-cultural differences related to the experiences of Italian and Dutch participants were found. Overall, current sex education in Italy and the Netherlands is far from meeting the sexual health needs of queer people living with different intersections. Practical implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The deinstitutionalization of marriage suggests more support for divorce and the forgoing of marriage. In this study, we examine attitudes toward both marriage and divorce in the context of having children and how they coincide with each other, creating a new typology of attitudes. Based on a national probability sample of 2,789 adults from the American Marriage Survey conducted in 2021, we find that just over half (55%) of people express transformative deinstitutionalization attitudes, in which they support divorce as well as forgoing marriage, while the next largest group (22%) hold divorce deinstitutionalization attitudes, in which they support divorce but also encourage marriage when children are involved. Findings show that women, gay, lesbian, bisexual, and pansexual individuals, and those who are cohabiting or divorced are more likely to hold transformative deinstitutionalization attitudes compared to pro-institutionalization attitudes, which support marriage and oppose divorce when children are involved. Meanwhile, older individuals, those who attend religious services more frequently, and those who identify as more politically conservative are less likely to hold any form of deinstitutionalization attitudes. Interestingly, education and parenthood have no impact on this set of attitudes. Given trends that show decreases in marriage and increases in LGBT identification, there may be further movement toward the disconnection of marriage and children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractDespite growing international criticism of actions and efforts to change sexual orientation and gender identity, such efforts remain prevalent in Malaysia. Using data from a nationwide community-based survey, this study examined the prevalence of these efforts amongst LGBT+ adults and the association between exposure to them and mental health outcomes. Participants (n = 521) completed an online survey assessing exposure to efforts to change their sexual orientation and/or gender identity, internalised LGBT-phobia, negative future expectations, and several mental health variables. Just under sixty-four percent (n = 333) of participants reported having experienced change efforts, with the most common perpetrators being family members, friends and religious organisations or people. Recent (past year) and past exposure to change efforts (over one year ago) were each associated with significantly higher odds of suicidal ideation, non-suicidal self-injury, and suicide attempts. Participants with recent exposure to change efforts also reported elevated internalised LGBT-phobia and negative future expectations compared to those who lacked such experience. A content analysis of participants’ open-ended responses documented the perceived impact of change efforts on proximal stressors and mental health and wellbeing. Recommendations are made for national authorities and healthcare bodies to ban efforts to change sexual orientation and gender identity in Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism plays a key role for gay people, as it is not only a way to escape from work, but also a source of liberation and self-embracement. This role can be particularly valued in societies and political environments that are perceived as hostile toward this group. The present study examines the travel motivations and habits of gay and lesbian people, based on a questionnaire sample of 1473 respondents. The results show that for this group, but especially for women, acceptance and an open culture are of paramount importance when choosing a destination. In contrast, services and events specifically targeted at this sector, which are popular in the Western world, do not typically influence decision-making (they tend to be more attractive to women). Sex per se is not a travel motivator for this group, but is an important feature of travel for men. In addition to gender, the services and activities that an individual engages in while traveling are influenced by the degree of their sexual embracement, the place of residence and the company with which the individual travels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gender-affirming care and legal gender recognition (LGR) have been relatively well developed in Russia since Soviet times. During the past decade, in line with the general authoritarian and conservative turn, transgender (trans) rights have increasingly come under attack. In 2023, anti-trans forces succeeded in bringing about the adoption of a law that prohibited gender-affirming care and LGR, preventing marriage and adoption of children for trans people. This article uses the Authoritarian Gender Equality Policy Making framework to understand the structural opportunities, actors, framings, and the autocrat's signaling that led to this result. The policy reversal resulted from increased visibility of trans issues in Russia and worldwide coupled with their reframing from a medical problem to a geopolitical threat in the context of a military and cultural confrontation with the West following Russia's "special military operation" against Ukraine in February 2022. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The needs and concerns of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or questioning (LGBTQ+) patients with cancer remain poorly understood. This is important as LGBTQ+ patients have an elevated risk of developing certain cancers and have poorer oncologic outcomes compared to non-LGBTQ+ patients. The lack of research may be linked to the complexity of studying the needs and concerns of this patient population. This review aimed to describe the evidence that sought to identify the needs and concerns of LGBTQ+ cancer patients. Studies were extracted using keywords such as "LGBTQ" and "Oncology." Patient participants were excluded if they did not identify as LGBTQ+ and if they did not have cancer or were not cancer survivors. Healthcare professionals were excluded if they were not oncology specific. A total of 22 studies met our inclusion criteria. LGBTQ+ cancer patients expressed concerns surrounding heteronormative assumptions made by healthcare professionals, a lack of LGBTQ±specific cancer support groups, and psychosexual concerns such as erectile dysfunction following cancer treatment. Oncology healthcare professionals lacked the knowledge and education that are required to manage this patient cohort. Further research is required to investigate the needs and concerns of LGBTQ+ cancer patients specifically in the radiation oncology setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LGBTQA+ university students have unique mental health needs and high rates of mental distress compared to their cisgender heterosexual peers; however, it is likely that many LGBTQA+ individuals remain untreated or receive inappropriate or insensitive care. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences and preferences in mental health care of LGBTQA+ university students in Aotearoa New Zealand. Twenty-eight young adults participated across 12 focus groups or interviews in which they were asked about their experiences and preferences. We used thematic analysis to identify patterns of meaning in the data. Researchers developed three themes of I can do this on my own, but others should seek help; you have to be lucky to access mental health care; and 'therapists just need to be a bit more like up with the programme'. The results of this study mirror those found in more general studies of LGBTQA+ mental healthcare experiences, however, also adds to considerations for university campus healthcare services. The findings of this study should be considered by all mental health providers working with LGBTQA+ young adult university students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the challenges faced by LGBT Myanmar migrants in Thailand, including discrimination and abuse due to their gender identity or sexual orientation, and their coping strategies. Through qualitative interviews with 20 self-identified LGBT Myanmar migrants aged over 18 years who experienced discrimination or abuse in Thailand, the findings underscore the presence of a segment within the Myanmar LGBT migrant community in Thailand subject to discrimination and violence across diverse settings, including workplaces, public areas, and even within their homes. Additionally, the research identified healthy coping strategies like self-soothing thoughts, relaxation activities, and seeking support, contrasted with unhealthy coping strategies such as negative self-talk, rumination, and suppressing one’s identity, leading to harmful behaviors and even suicidality. The experiences of severe discrimination and violence among LGBT migrants help this study advocate for policy interventions, such as extending the coverage of the Gender Equality Act to encompass LGBT migrants and implementing mental health support services as a form of secondary prevention. Given the significant contribution of LGBT migrants to various sectors of Thailand’s workforce, these measures are essential. However, the existing legislation concerning gender equality in Thailand inadequately addresses the specific concerns of this demographic group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractPhenomenon. The language of medicine (i.e., biomedical discourse) represents queerness as pathological, yet it is this same discourse medical education researchers use to resist that narrative. To be truly inclusive, we must examine and disrupt the biomedical discourse we use. The purpose of this study is to disrupt oppressive biomedical discourses by examining the language and structures medical educators use in their publications about queerness in relation to physicians and physician trainees. Approach. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and ERIC in October 2021 and again in June 2023 using a combination of controlled vocabulary (select terms designated by a database to enhance and reduce ambiguity in search) and keywords to identify articles related to sexuality, gender, identity, diversity and medical professionals. Searches were limited to articles published from 2013 to the present to align with the passage of The Respect for Marriage Act. Articles were included if they focused on the experiences and paths of physicians and physician trainees identifying with or embodying queerness, were authored by individuals based in the United States, and presented empirical studies. We excluded articles only discussing attitudes of cisgender heterosexual individuals about queerness. Two authors independently screened all articles for inclusion. We then used narrative techniques to “re-story” included articles into summaries, which we analyzed with four guiding questions, using queer theory as a sensitizing concept. Finally, we sought recurrent patterns in these summaries. Findings. We identified 2206 articles of which 23 were included. We found that biomedical discourse often: characterized individuals associated with queerness as a single homogenous group rather than as individuals with a breadth of identities and experiences; implied queer vulnerability without naming–and making responsible–the causes or agents of this vulnerability; and relied minimally on actual intervention, instead speculating on potential changes without attempting to enact them. Reflections. Authors each reflect on these findings from their positionalities, discussing: disrupting essentializing categories like “LGBT”; addressing harm through allyship around queerness; editorial responsibility to disrupt structures supporting oppressive biomedical discourse; the importance of program evaluation and interventions; and shifting the focus of medical education research toward queerness using QuantCrit theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suicide is a leading cause of death in emerging adults who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, and/or transgender (LGBT). This study examines discriminatory healthcare experiences and suicidality in LGBT adults, aged 18–24 (n = 90), who completed a health needs assessment in the Southeastern US. Regression indicated that gender identity, gender identity treatment discrimination, and discriminatory behaviors by providers accounted for 29% of variance in past suicide attempt(s). Individuals reporting being blamed for their health status were more likely to report a history of suicide attempts (p = 0.017). Providers need training to provide care competently to LGBT emerging adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2017, the Landless Workers Movement (MST) institutionalised a lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) collective as part of its representative claims on behalf of the marginalised. This study explains the conditions preceding such representation and how this is now negotiated by the MST and its members in the context of land justice in Brazil. In addition, it discusses the construction of peasant and LGBT as bounded political identities. The argument presented is that the coupling of peasant and LGBT representations relies on a convergence of events happening locally and globally, which – in addition to granting the MST important representational value – has resulted in improved living conditions for sexual and gender minorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through an examination of its discursive presence in the UK Parliament (Westminster), this article explores political elites' problematisations of LGBT homelessness. In particular, I consider whether the dynamics of inclusion and exclusion that have been critically identified in relation to the mainstreaming of 'gay rights' in other sites are evident in the emerging discourse on LGBT homelessness in Westminster. I find that the cross-party emphasis on data collection as a predicate for action on LGBT homelessness enables the Conservatives to signal sexual progress without risking the Party's traditional supporters. Moreover, the almost exclusive focus on LGBT homeless youth in the parliamentary discourse, which is echoed to a lesser degree in existing research, stabilises divisions of 'deserving/undeserving' poor and entrenches the relationship between housing security, normative forms of intimacy and anti-migrant nationalist sentiments. To escape the terms of its current emergence, I argue, a coalitional and grass-roots-led definition of the problem of LGBT homelessness is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on female same-sex relationships has predominantly considered a single partner's perspective on couple satisfaction, and has compared same-sex couples with heterosexual couples. Drawing upon Personal Construct Theory, this study explores how identification, acceptance, commonality and sociality (mutual understanding) between two female same-sex partners are associated with the couple's satisfaction. Forty Italian women involved in same-sex relationships completed the Partnership Questionnaire and 160 repertory grids involving the exchange grid method. A mixed-method analysis was conducted. Higher couple's satisfaction was associated with higher identification with the partner but not with higher commonality and sociality, partner acceptance was associated with higher scores in tenderness. Perceived similarity was higher than commonality and sociality, and partner's acceptance was higher than identification with her. Qualitative analysis heightened the centrality of the participants' experience when compared with the dominant prejudice with regard to homosexuality and the tension between autonomy and fusion. This study revealed the importance of identification and acceptance in terms of couple's satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: 1) Describe sexual and gender minority (SGM) older adults' current practices and concerns for communicating end-of-life (EOL) and daily care preferences in long-term care (LTC); 2) Elicit ideas about adapting a video-based intervention to facilitate communication. Methods: After consulting a community advisory board, we conducted two focus groups with SGM older adults ≥55 years of age recruited from a community-based service organization (n = 4) and a continuing care retirement community (n = 9). We audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded data using directed content analysis methods and summarized results descriptively. Results: Most participants were cisgender (n = 12), female (n = 11), lesbian (n = 10), White and non-Hispanic (n = 13); mean age was 70.62. Participants' concerns included discrimination, autonomy, chosen family, and community; they linked daily care preferences with personhood and quality of life. They advocated for building intentional community-based support networks to help peers discuss preferences and produce videos before LTC transition and ensure compliance after. Conclusions: For SGM older adults, asserting and protecting their full personhood, through daily care preferences, is essential to quality of life in LTC. Clinical Implications: Video-recorded statements of daily preferences, facilitated and supported by a peer network, could promote culturally competent, person- and community-centered care for SGM older adults in LTC settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The weak evidence base and profound consequences of gender-affirming interventions for youth call for a particularly sensitive and complex psychoanalytic exploration. However, prohibitions on knowing at the individual and social levels significantly constrain psychoanalytic work with trans-identified youth. Barriers to exploration and thinking that patients bring to treatment are reinforced and reified by the dominant socio-political trends that saturate the contexts in which young people dwell. These trends increasingly frame any attempt to deeply explore why a young person is seeking medical or surgical gender-affirming interventions as “off-limits” and a form of conversion therapy. Furthermore, politically driven clinicians who promote medical gender-affirming interventions misrepresent and attempt to discredit clinicians who explore the meaning and function of trans identification, or who express concern that transitioning may be a drastic solution to various forms of psychic pain. In doing so, they minimise the significance of the weak evidence base for these interventions and their serious, known risks. At the same time, they obscure or deny the psychic pain that is sometimes humming beneath the experience of gender dysphoria. The author asks: If there are significant uncertainties and risks of harm associated with medical interventions for young people, do we want to know? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractObjective: There has been an ongoing mental health crisis among sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations. This continues amidst rising population-level depression and suicide rates, especially among students in higher education. This work aims to understand changes in SGM student mental health over time. Participants: N = 483,574 responses to the Healthy Minds Study (2007C2022) were examined from 18 to 35-year-old U.S. college and university students. Methods: Linear and logistic regressions were used to examine associations between SGM identity and mental health. Mediation and structural equation modeling were used to examine potential links among risk factors. Results: On average, ∼18% of students identified as SGM, which included a 6-fold increase in SGM self-identification across this 15-year period. Depression rates increased over time; ∼12% of students reported major depression. SGM students were 3.18 times (z = 111.16, p < .001) more likely to report depression than non-SGM students (26.85% vs. 8.53%). Disproportionate discrimination and lack of school belonging partially explained SGM disparities in depression. SGM students were twice as likely to utilize therapy (z = 115.42, p < .001) but half as likely seek help from family (z = 55.48, p ≤ .001). Conclusions: Academic institutions must take concrete steps to reduce barriers mental health care, combat discrimination, and bolster community belonging and interpersonal support for SGM students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internalized sexual stigma is an important contributor to LGBT mental health disparities. In Thailand, the absence of validated instruments represents a research barrier. The study's purpose was to translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Revised Internalized Homophobia (IHP-R) scale. Based on the cross-cultural principle, team translation was applied. The IHP-R was translated by the principal author and reviewed by bilingual Thai nurses, and clarifications were made. Multidisciplinary experts provided back translation and reconciled the finalized Thai version. The psychometric properties were established in 412 Thai LGBT individuals. Data was collected via online and paper-pencil surveys and analyzed using SPSS. Most participants were male, age ranged 18–53, with moderate levels of internalized homophobia (M = 2.3, SD = 1.04). The inter-item and item-total correlations were.38-.63 and.55-.68. The content validity index was high (I-CVI, S-CVI/UA/Ave = 1). The exploratory factor analysis confirmed one construct of internalized sexual self-stigma (factor loading =.702–.816). Scores on IHP-R were correlated with stress and experiences of discrimination (r =.14 and.12). Internal consistency reliability was also high (Cronbach's alpha coefficient =.83). The IHP-R Thai version has high psychometric properties and is appropriate for LGBT research in Thailand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the level of LGBT+ representation among staff and students in higher education in England and Wales. We compare data from the 2021 England and Wales Census to Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA) data. We find that LGBT+ people are more highly represented in higher education among all staff groups and students than in relevant comparator groups according to age and educational level in the general population. LGBT+ representation among students and STEM academics is modestly higher than the general population comparator group, while representation among non-STEM academics is substantially higher than one would expect from the general population comparator group. We found no statistically significant under-representation in any particular higher education institution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the prevalence and associated factors of depression and generalized anxiety among LGBTQ+ in five medical schools in Thailand. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used to assess major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), respectively, and multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify associated factors. Of 1,322 students, 412 (31.16%) identified as LGBTQ+. The prevalence for MDD and GAD among LGBTQ+ students were 32.77% and 17.23%, respectively. Significant associated factors for both MDD and GAD were a history of psychiatric illness (AOR for MDD = 2.32, p = .020; AOR for GAD = 3.67, p < .001), educational problems (AOR for MDD = 6.62, p < .001; AOR for GAD = 5.12, p < .001), and dissatisfaction with gender identity or sexual orientation (AOR for MDD = 1.92, p = .019; AOR for GAD = 2.47, p = .005). Additional factors associated with MDD were preclinical years (AOR = 2.30, p = .023), financial struggles (AOR = 2.05, p = .021), and inadequate peer support (AOR = 2.57, p = .044). In conclusion, nearly one-third and one-fifth of Thai LGBTQ+ medical students suffer from MDD and GAD, respectively. Our findings suggest that Thai medical schools should promote LGBTQ+ inclusivity to enhance students’ identity satisfaction. Peer support groups should be encouraged, especially for preclinical LGBTQ+ students who face educational and financial challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractIn Australia, Aboriginal young people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer or otherwise sexuality and gender diverse (LGBTQ+) are recognised within several overlapping priority populations in state and federal sexually transmissible infection and HIV strategies. However, limited research has documented their unique sexual health experiences, needs and preferences. In this qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 LGBTQ+ Aboriginal young people aged 16–24 years in New South Wales. Interviews incorporated questions about service access, positive and negative experiences and self-determined healthcare priorities. We conducted a strengths-based thematic analysis to understand the issues of greatest importance in sexual healthcare for participants. Using the framework of ‘imaginaries’, we explored how participants imagined sexual healthcare that would meet their individual and cultural needs. The dominant imaginary centred on respect, representation and the as-yet-unrealised possibility of sexual healthcare designed by and for people who shared the intersection of Aboriginal and LGBTQ+ experience. We identified individual-level, service-level and societal-level factors influencing this imaginary, including relationships, accessibility and experiences of racism. Analysing the imaginaries constructed by LGBTQ+ Aboriginal young people of empowering, culturally safe sexual healthcare that is ‘for them’ provides insight into potential service design to improve sexual health outcomes for this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An increasing number of studies related to LGBT inclusion on university campuses have emerged over the past few years. While a number of these studies address complex challenges encountered in Western religious universities, very little research has investigated religious universities in Eastern, Sinophone communities. This study sheds light on a mentor system at a prominent Buddhist university in Taiwan to investigate mentors’ understandings of and interactions with LGBT students. Through the use of both qualitative and quantitative measures, the researchers found very few mentors were even aware of interactions with LGBT students. A thematic analysis of focus group data found the mentors’ understandings and attitudes could be classified into three distinct categories ranging from very supportive to unintentionally discriminatory. Overall, it seems Confucian values, rather than Buddhist doctrines, is a far more influential factor on mentors’ understandings and attitudes toward LGBT individuals. In particular, conflicts between Confucian thought and LGBT inclusive practices may arise when individuals concurrently display a strong desire to help, Confucian understandings of “family,” and very little understanding of gender or sexuality. Finally, this study offers recommendations for future research and universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract\nPoints of interestLesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex, Queer and Asexual (LGBTIQA+) people with intellectual disability face unique challenges in asserting their identities. We aim to understand how Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ) individuals with intellectual disability exercise self-determination within disability services. Eight LGBTQ adults with intellectual disability who used disability services participated in qualitative interviews. Fifteen key informants, representing government policy makers, disability service organisations, gender and sexuality educators, and senior leaders of LGBTQ organisations were also interviewed. We found that LGBTQ people with intellectual disability navigate barriers to self-determination: making autonomous decisions about their sexualities or gender identities; coming out and being recognised as LGBTQ; and gaining a sense of belonging in both disability and LGBTQ spaces. We suggest organisational-level actions including: (1) building organisational awareness; (2) including sexuality and gender identities in person centred support planning; and (3) increasing access to positive visual representations and experiences of pride.This research is important because it highlights the need for disability organisations to support LGBTQ people intellectual disability to live self-determined lives.LGBTQ people with intellectual disability do not have access to LGBTQ peers and education. This makes it difficult to develop LGBTQ identity.Disability service organisations generally do not encourage people with intellectual disability come out to the people around them including support workers.Disability service organisations should think about people’s sexuality and gender identities when choosing how to support them.Experiences of pride events can help people feel like they belong.LGBTQ people with intellectual disability can be reliant on disability service organisations for information and support services.This research is important because it highlights the need for disability organisations to support LGBTQ people intellectual disability to live self-determined lives.LGBTQ people with intellectual disability do not have access to LGBTQ peers and education. This makes it difficult to develop LGBTQ identity.Disability service organisations generally do not encourage people with intellectual disability come out to the people around them including support workers.Disability service organisations should think about people’s sexuality and gender identities when choosing how to support them.Experiences of pride events can help people feel like they belong.LGBTQ people with intellectual disability can be reliant on disability service organisations for information and support services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer (LGBTQ+) students, LGBTQ+ staff and LGBTQ+ parents report schools can be unsafe and unwelcoming environments. Yet few studies have explored LGBTQ+ student, LGBTQ+ staff and LGBTQ+ parent perceptions of the school climate simultaneously or adopted person-centered perspectives. The present study sought to identify LGBTQ+ related strategies adopted by schools, and whether these were differentially related to perceptions of school safety and community. Data were collected in 2021 via online sampling of the current Australian school (1,937) students, (124) staff and (75) parents. Four distinct inclusion strategy profiles were identified via latent class analysis: Comprehensive Inclusion, Curriculum & Pedagogical Inclusion, Extracurricular Inclusion and Limited Inclusion. Just under half (48.2%) of schools lacked LGBTQ+ strategies, with participants from these schools reporting greater safety concerns. Our findings suggest that curriculum and pedagogical strategies are likely the most effective and should be a key focus for improving the school climate. Schools that employed LGBTQ+ affirming practices and included LGBTQ+ resources and activities, like Gay-Straight Alliances (GSAs), saw improved perceptions of safety and community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exposure to potentially traumatic events and posttraumatic stress are known risk factors for suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB). Research suggests that sexual minorities are disproportionately exposed to traumatic events and experience greater STB than their heterosexual peers, although few studies have explored connections between these parallel disparities. Further, existing literature may implicate complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) as a potential mechanism in the trauma-suicide connection among sexual minorities. This study uses a sample from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC-III; n = 1351) to test structural equation models for associations between trauma exposure, heterosexist discrimination, and CPTSD with suicide attempt status. We found CPTSD mediated associations between exposure to traumatic events and presence of a lifetime suicide attempt among sexual minority male and female samples. Discrimination demonstrated a synergistic effect on the association between trauma exposure and CPTSD, but, among males, CPTSD did not fully explain associations between discrimination and suicide attempts. Our findings suggest that CPTSD should be considered an important mechanism in the trauma-suicide connection for sexual minorities and may be a potentially important target for suicide prevention and that interventions should address the influence of discrimination on traumatic stress in this high-risk population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article advances scholarship on the relationship between sexuality, religion, and the law within the United States by analyzing case summaries and court opinions of the federal appellate cases decided between 1990 and 2020 that involve a religion-based claim being used to advance or defend gay and lesbian rights. Contrary to dominant public narratives that position religion uniformly in opposition to progressive sexual values, these cases show how Americans' religious beliefs and practices include diverse sexual identities. We find that the courts' reactions to such cases, however, illustrate the tension within legal discourse and hesitancy for the courts to equate religious and moral values with affirming LGBT identities, people, and rights. Our findings suggest that the courts and litigants define what religion is—and what it is not—by positioning it in relation to sexuality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study compares the experiences and perceptions of primary health care of respondents who self-identify as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) with those of respondents who do not. Data were collected through a closed-ended, anonymous online survey in 2018. 468 respondents completed the survey, which included sociodemographic questions, perceptions of respondents' health status, and their primary health-care experiences. Both LGBT and non-LGBT groups were analyzed, comparing differences and similarities by using univariant analysis and contingency tables. Our results indicate that the primary health-care needs of LGBT people in Catalonia include specific requirements that are not currently being addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Takatāpui/LGBTIQ + people's experiences of homelessness remain poorly understood in Aotearoa New Zealand. Using data from semi-structured interviews with eight people who identified as Takatāpui/LGBTIQ + and had experienced homelessness, this paper explores their experiences while homeless. The analysis showed the necessity of strength of character, how Takatāpui/LGBTIQ + people presented a different self in order to be accepted, the different strategies used to survive, the importance of implementing boundaries for self-protection, and missed points of intervention and support. Our findings show how participants were failed by the housing support system, and had to rely on themselves and their communities during periods of homelessness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sexual and gender minority individuals (SGMI; e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer people) experience increased rates of alcohol use disorder and additional barriers to participating in alcohol use interventions compared to their cisgender and heterosexual counterparts. This suggests a need for accessible, evidence-based alcohol use interventions for these populations. Through conducting a feasibility and preliminary effectiveness trial of SMART Recovery, a cognitive-behavioral mutual help group for addictive behaviors, with a sample of SGMI (N = 32), this study evaluated the feasibility and preliminary outcomes of SMART Recovery for reducing alcohol use and related problems for SGMI. Primary feasibility metrics included average number of sessions attended per participant and average number of participants per session; preliminary outcomes were evaluated by comparing alcohol use symptoms at pre- and post-test through a t-test. Results suggest that SMART Recovery is potentially a feasible and effective intervention for SGMI experiencing challenges with alcohol use. On average, participants attended 5.36 sessions (target: 4-6 sessions). The average session was attended by 3.63 participants (tentative target: 5 participants). A comparison of pre and post-tests (n = 13) suggested significantly lower alcohol use among participants at the end of the intervention relative to the beginning (t = 1.92; p < 0.05). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Homelessness is a priority public health issue in the United States (U.S.) given its strong associations with multiple adverse health outcomes. While overall rates of homelessness have decreased over the last decade, some populations—such as sexual and gender minorities—have not seen equitable decreases. The present study explores the relationship between experiences of first-time homelessness with substance misuse (assessed via the DAST-10) and depression and anxiety (assessed via the PHQ-4) in an adult sample of SGM individuals in South Central Texas. The analytic sample (n = 907) was majority gay/lesbian or same-gender loving (55.8%) followed by bisexual or pansexual (34.7%) or another sexual identity (9.5%) and 12.5% were transgender. First-time homelessness was more common in childhood than adulthood. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate relationships between first-time homelessness and outcomes of interest. The odds of substance misuse (DAST > 3) were marginally higher for those experiencing first-time homelessness in childhood and significantly higher for those reporting first-time homelessness in adulthood. The odds of experiencing past 2-week depression were significantly greater for those reporting homelessness in childhood or adulthood. However, only first-time homelessness in adulthood was significantly associated with past two-week anxiety. These findings underscore the need to consider intersectionality when exploring solutions to existing health disparities, as this work suggests that both sexual and gender identity and homelessness are important factors in shaping mental and behavioral health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative study examined the sporting experiences of individuals of diverse sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) in rural and remote areas of Australia - contexts where marginalised groups can feel excluded based on gender or sexuality, and where physical activity options may be limited. Twelve participants (aged 29-73 years) identifying as female or gender fluid, and as queer, bisexual, gay, lesbian or pansexual, completed an online, qualitative survey. Thematic analysis and an integrative theory of belonging were used to interpret the experiences and feelings of belonging, exclusion and resistance to heteronormativity found in the data. The development of viable opportunities for sport participation and physical activities that foster a sense of belonging and health in rural or remote Australian communities requires strategies based on a deep understanding of the needs and identities of individuals of diverse SOGI, as well as the cultural and social contexts in which people live. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractIntroductionResultsDiscussionThis paper reviews the literature on suicidal ideation, suicidal behavior, suicide methods and correlates of suicidality among Nigerian LGBT persons. Understanding the suicidality-related issues facing LGBT Nigerians can inform the designing of evidence-based interventions to reduce suicidality.Findings revealed that Nigerian LGBT persons experienced self-harm, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and the repetition of suicidal behavior using suicide methods such as pesticide self-poisoning, jumping, hanging, and overdose of medicines. LGBT persons who attempted suicide more than once reported experiencing different forms of minority stress. Several LGBT suicide attempters and ideators reported experiencing prior internalized homophobia, anti-LGBT bullying in schools and the larger society, anti-LGBT discrimination from family and conversion therapy. Minority stress was found to be linked with self-harm, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among Nigerian LGBT persons. Additionally, experiencing anti-LGBT discrimination, conversion therapy and depression were found to be correlates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among Nigerian LGBT persons.This study highlights the importance of addressing the minority stress experienced by Nigerian LGBT persons in order to reduce their vulnerability to suicidality. Finally, this study highlights research gaps and discusses the implications of the study findings for suicide prevention interventions, advocacy and policy making in Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractIn this paper, I read the creation of the ASEAN human rights regime, the development of SOGIESC rights claiming (where this denotes sexual orientation, gender identity & expression, and sex characteristics), and the social conflict associated with homophobia and the backlash to LGBT rights through modes of participation analysis. This framework is used to interpret the different uses of rights and values-denominated language and institutions in the context of advocacy for sexuality and gender diversity rights protection. I first explicate the modes of participation approach and reprise how I have previously used this to analyse SOGIESC rights claiming. I then show its utility for understanding the emergence of the elite level human rights regime in ASEAN, before indicating how it can also be used to analyse non-elite resistance to SOGIESC rights. Both elite and non-elite resistance can be linked to the older anti-rights discourse of “Asian Values”, which I illustrate with refence to three states: Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore. Taken together, these examples illustrate the capacity of modes of participation analysis to provide a persuasive account of the often contrasting and competing politics of human rights in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gender minorities disproportionately experience stigma and violence after coming out. This study was conducted to examine how individuals perceive characters identified with various gender identity labels (transgender man, transgender woman, genderfluid, non-binary, cisgender man, cisgender woman), to better understand the effects of these labels on people's perceptions. Student participants (N = 498) were randomly assigned to one of the three conditions and read six vignettes briefly describing characters with the aforementioned identities. Conditions included explicit labels (e.g. 'Mike is a transgender man'), implicit labels (e.g. 'Mike was assigned female at birth, but now identifies as a man'), and no gender labels. Participants then rated each character on 19 different traits/attributes (e.g. 'likable', 'perverted', 'masculine'). All characters were rated more positively when described with an explicit or implicit gender identity label in comparison to the no label control condition. The manipulation of gender labels had little influence on ratings of negative traits. These positive and encouraging results may be partially attributed to the sample which predominantly comprised young, liberal, women and may be indicative of a welcoming university environment for gender minorities. Future studies could further explore this topic by expanding the scope to the larger national population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While there is increasing attention for LGBTQIA+ concerns within human rights, the legal instruments and academic discussions regarding children's rights remain largely silent on issues involving sexuality and gender. Due to pervasive protectionist narratives and heteronormative assumptions governing modern childhood, children's rights implicitly limit the expression of (queer) children and lack the tools and guidance to navigate complex queer disputes. In this context, this paper explores the world's leading document on children's rights – the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) – from a queer theoretical perspective, uncovering how children's rights are interwoven with social constructs surrounding gender and sexuality. In doing so, this paper first explores the relevance of queering the UNCRC and sets out a queer theoretical framework within the human rights context. Through this lens, finally, the paper discusses three overarching areas of queer critique within the UNCRC: 1) the construction of childhood, 2) child sexuality and gender and 3) the normalising impacts of restrictions on child agency on queer children. It concludes that the UNCRC has great potential to catalyse the implementation of LGBTQIA-focused protections, but more work is needed to clarify and strengthen the legal position of the queer child within its ambit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A bibliometric analysis was conducted to map out trends in publications on attitudes toward the LGBT community based on the 470 documents retrieved from the SCOPUS database for 2002–2022. The results revealed that the United States is the leading country contributing to the publications on attitudes toward the LGBT community and has a strong impact in the field (64.68%). The authorship analysis revealed that Flores, Woodford, and Worthen from the United States are the leading researchers in this field. Analysis of publication sources showed that the Journal of Homosexuality is the top publisher of findings on the LGBT community whereas the Journal of Interpersonal Violence and Sexuality and Culture have gained more traction among researchers in recent years. The analysis of the co-occurrence of author's keywords indicated that transgender is the gender group that is the most researched compared to other sexual identities. Negative attitudes such as homophobia, discrimination and being heterosexist toward one's sexuality or same-sex marriage are the current research foci. Religion and culture are seen as important predictors of attitudes about homosexuality and same-sex marriage policy. The study addresses the gaps in the literature by recommending future researchers to investigate attitudes toward other gender identities as a result of the revolution in sexual identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Queer university students face multiple stressors which can contribute to mental health difficulties, including minority stressors unique to their queer identities. However, there is little literature exploring stressors faced by queer individuals in university settings. The aim of this study was to qualitatively explore the current challenges and strengths faced by queer university students in Aotearoa New Zealand, in order to contextualise their mental health experiences. Twenty-eight queer students participated across 12 focus groups or interviews. Two queer researchers thematically analysed the data. Three themes were interpreted from the data: 'That's not feminine enough': the impact of societal ideologies on queer students; 'There's one rainbow person in the room': Tokenism, social isolation, and then finding community; and 'You know what it's like to not be heard': The transformation of challenges into strengths. The findings illustrate how queer university students make meaning of their challenges, and the strengths they develop to mitigate these. Educational institutions are highlighted as important sites of systemic change, to reduce minority stressors in students' lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media practices are situated within the contexts that people are located in, including family and peer relationships. LGBTQIA+ young people carefully curate social media spaces to find similar others in careful ways. However, less is understood about how existing connections to families of origin (re)shape social media practices. Drawing on interview and focus group data with 65 LGBTQIA+ young people, we examine family considerations in social media practices and curation strategies. Findings reveal that considerations about familial relations play an important role in how young people use social media for maintaining and fostering ties with family members. Young LGBTQIA+ people narrativise their social media practices as intensely affective experiences, where issues of care, concern, and love for family, (re)shapes their social media use. We argue that queer young people's social media practices can be conceptualised as family practices and consider the implications this has for making sense of social media for queer young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This scoping review investigates the existing literature regarding personality traits, ideology, gender roles, and attitudes toward LGBT people. The review was conducted through PubMed and Web of Science databases. After establishing inclusion- and exclusion criteria, 12 studies published between 2013 and 2023 were reviewed, three themes (personality traits, gender roles and differences, and political ideology) were identified through thematic analysis. Several of the studies reported a relation between the personality traits Openness to Experience, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness, and homo- and transnegative attitudes. In particular, lower levels of Agreeableness, high levels of Conscientiousness, and lower levels of Extraversion were related to prejudice. The Dark Triad, especially the antagonistic traits Psychopathy and Machiavellianism, had a strong association with homo- and transnegativity. Multiple studies showed a connection between negative attitudes and ideological views. Especially right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) and social dominance orientation (SDO) were strong predictors of negative attitudes toward LGBT people. The majority of the studies also reported a significant gender difference in attitudes, with men being more prone to exhibit prejudice toward LGBT people than women. There are practical implications of this review relating to interventions which may target the prevention of homo and trans-negative attitudes, promoting inclusion and integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This scoping review seeks to identify what community-based support is used by older sexually and gender diverse (SGD) people, that aims to improve mental health/wellbeing. A scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O'Malley framework. APA PsycInfo, Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Scopus were searched. Key information was extracted and entered into a structured coding sheet before being summarized. Seventeen studies were included (41% observational qualitative and 35% observational quantitative). The most commonly used community-based support was lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) social groups. A range of practices were reported in five studies, including in SGD affirming religious congregations and mind-body practices. Two studies reported the use of formal programmes, with one based on a group initiative. Positive outcomes included feeling connected, improved social support and mental health, and coping with illness. Five studies reported null or negative findings, including a lack of acceptance. Most studies used categories for sex and gender inaccurately, and lacked detail when describing community-based support. The use of community-based support by older SGD people is underexplored. More interventions designed for and by this community are needed, along with experimental research to draw conclusions on effectiveness to improve mental health or wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]