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Three new prenylated dihydroflavones, moralbaflavones A–C (1–3), together with four known ones (4a/4b, 5, and 6) were isolated from the root barks of Morus alba L. Their structures including the absolute configurations were determined by the analysis of HRMS, NMR, and ECD data. The neuroprotective properties of these prenylated dihydroflavones were screened at the concentration of 10 µM in the sodium nitroprusside-induced rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells, and the results showed moralbaflavone C (3) possessed significant neuroprotective activity, being more potent than the positive control edaravone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phytochemical investigation on the plant of Wikstroemia alternifolia led to the isolation of 26 compounds including two new ones, wikstralternifols A and B (1 and 7). Their structures including the absolute configuration were elucidated by spectroscopic data together with analysis of experimental and calculated ECD data. All compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time, and their main structural types were lignans, sesquiterpenoids, and flavonoids. In the sodium nitroprusside-induced rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cell model, the neuroprotective activities of the selected sesquiterpenoids (1 and 4) and lignans (7 − 14) were screened at the concentration of 10 µM, and 7 − 14 displayed better activities than the positive control edaravone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pair of undescribed dihydrobenzofuran neolignan enantiomers, (+/−)-phybrenan A (1a/1b), two new benzofuran neolignans, phybrenan B and C (2 and 3), along with four known neolignans (4 − 7) were obtained from the plants of Phyllanthodendron breynioides P. T. Li. The planar structures of all isolates were demonstrated by the analysis of detailed spectroscopic evidence (NMR, HRMS, and IR), and the absolute configurations of novel neolignans were elucidated by combined calculated and experimental ECD data analysis. The neuroprotective activities of all benzofuran neolignans against sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced cell death were examined in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. The results exhibited that three compounds (4 − 6) possessed remarkable neuroprotective activities at 10 µM, better than the positive drug edaravone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five tigliane (1−5) and one ingenane (6) diterpenoids were isolated from the ethanol extract of Euphorbia tirucalli. The structures of these compounds were identified based on analysis of their spectroscopic data. Among them, compound 12-O-(2E,4E,6E,8E-tetradecatetraenoyl)-13-O-isobutyroyl-4β-deoxyphorbol (1) was a new tigliane. The Rho123 effluxion assay showed that tiglianes with a trans-fused 5/7 ring system such as compounds 1, 2, and 4 had potent inhibitory activity against P-glycoprotein in HepG2/ADR cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new diterpenoids, euphopanes A–C (1–3), including one ent-isopimarane (1), one ent-abietane (2) and one cembrane (3), along with five known compounds (4–8) were isolated from the roots of Euphorbia pekinensis. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configurations of compounds 1–3 were determined by ECD calculations. All the isolates were screened for the cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines (C4-2B, C42B/ENZR, and MDA-MB-231), and compounds 1, 2, and 4 showed significant cytotoxicity against human prostate cancer cells C4-2B with IC50 values of 14.3, 16.9, and 15.3 μM, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new lathyrane diterpenoids, euphanoids A and B (1 and 2), along with five known compounds (3–7) were isolated from the roots of Euphorbia kansuensis. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configuration of 1 was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. All of the isolates were screened for the inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in RAW264.7 cells, and compounds 1 and 2 showed pronounced inhibition on NO production with IC50 values of 4.7 and 9.5 μM, respectively, being more active than the positive control, quercetin (IC50 = 10.8 μM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new prenylated coumarin (1) and a new anthranilamide derivative (2) were isolated from the aerial parts of Evodia lepta. Compound 2 represents the first anthranilamide derivative from the Evodia genus. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis (MS, UV, IR, and NMR). Compound 1 exhibited certain inhibition on nitric oxide (NO) production induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in RAW264.7 macrophages with an IC50 value of 37.96 ± 1.7 μM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mannosylxylarinolide (1), a new 3,4-seco-ergostane-type steroidal saponin featuring a β-d-mannose moiety, was isolated from the culture of the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. that had been isolated from an ornamental plant of Hoya sp. The gross structure was determined by spectroscopic data, and the absolute configuration of the new 3,4-seco-ergostane-type steroidal saponin (1) was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phytochemical investigation on the leaves and twigs of Toona ciliata has led to the isolation of four new polyynes (1–4) and two knowns (5 and 6). Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis (MS, UV, IR, and NMR) and Mosher's method. All compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against HepG2 human tumor cell line but were inactive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chromatographic fractionation of the EtOH extracts of the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Chloranthus japonicus, has led to the isolation of a new lindenane-type sesquiterpenoid lactone derivative (1). Rosmarylchloranthalactone E (1), which consists of lindenane sesquiterpenoid lactone and rosmarinic acid moieties linked via an ester bridge, was structurally elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR and HRMS data. Compound 1 was a potent phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.96 ± 0.04 μM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five selaginellin derivatives (1 and 3-6) including a new one, selaginellin T (1), and a new triarylbenzophenone analog, selagibenzophenone A (2), were isolated from the whole plants of Selaginella pulvinata. Their structures were determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR and HR-ESI-MS data. Selagibenzophenone A (2) is the first example of naturally occurring triarylbenzophenone. The results of the phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitory screening assays showed that compounds 1−6 exhibited potent activities with the IC50 values in the range of 1.04−9.35 μM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phytochemical investigation of Strychnos nitida has led to the isolation of three new racemic pyridocarbazole alkaloids, (±)-stritidas A-C (1–3) and three known monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (4–6). Compounds 2 and 3 represent the first examples of pyridocarbazole alkaloids featuring an N-2-hydroxyethyl moiety. Their structures were determined by combined spectroscopic data (MS, UV, IR and NMR) and chemical methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phytochemical investigation of Cephalotaxus sinensis has led to the isolation of a new bisabolane sesquiterpenoid (1), a new abietane diterpenoid (2), and 13 known compounds (3–15). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis (MS, UV, IR, and NMR). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phytochemical investigation on the herbs ofLycopodium japonicumled to the isolation of a new serratene triterpenoid, 3α,21α-dihydroxy-16-oxoserrat-14-en-24-ylp-coumarate (1), together with two known ones, lycernuic ketone C (2) and tohogenol (3). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D- and 2D-NMR and HR-ESI-MS. The13C NMR data of tohogenol was first reported. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The air-side heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of an H-type finned tube bank in the turbulent periodically fully developed region are investigated numerically. The effects of seven geometric parameters and Reynolds number are examined. It is found that when the number of tube rows is equal to and larger than 25, the heat transfer and fluid flow approach the fully developed state. Among the seven geometric parameters spanwise tube pitch has the most important effect. Based on the numerical results, the correlations of heat transfer and pressure drop of the H-type finned tube bank for the fully developed region are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new limonoid, 3-de(2-methylbutanoyl)-3-propanoylcipadesin (1), along with 10 known limonoids and 1 known triterpenoid, was isolated from the fruits of Cipadessa cinerascens. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. All compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities, and compounds 6 and 12 showed weak antimicrobial activities against MRSA 82# and MRSA 92#. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new compounds, khayseneganin I (1) and 2α,3α,16β-trihydroxy-20-acetoxy-20(R)-pregnane (2), along with six known compounds, 2α,3α,20-trihydroxy-16β-acetoxy-20(R)-pregnane (3), 2α,3β-dihydroxypregnan-16-one-2β,19-hemiketal (4), (+)-catechin (5), ivorenolide A (6), luteolin-7-O-α-l-rhamnoside (7), and ( − )-5′-methoxy-isolariciresinol-2a-O-β-d-xylopyranoside (8), were isolated from the leaves and twigs ofKhaya senegalensis.The structures of new compounds were elucidated by 2D NMR spectroscopy and MS. Selected compounds (2–8) were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities and compounds5and7showed weak antimicrobial activities against MRSA 92#and MRSA 98#. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Repeated column chromatography of the EtOAc-soluble fraction of the aerial parts of Dodonaea viscosa led to the isolation of two new modified clerodanes, methyl dodovisate A (1) and methyl dodovisate B (2), two new prenylated flavonoids, 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3',5'-di(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3,6-dimethoxyflavone (10) and 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3'-(4-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-5'-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3,6-dimethoxyflavone (11), together with eight known compounds, dodonic acid (3), hautriwaic acid (4), hautriwaic lactone (5), (+)-hardwickiic acid (6), 5α-hydroxy-1,2-dehydro-5,10-dihydroprintzianic acid methyl ester (7), strictic acid (8), dodonolide (9), and aliarin (12). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis. Compounds 1-9 and 11 were evaluated on larvicidal activity against the fourth-instar larvae of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipens quinquefasciatus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]