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The role that luck plays in management success is a disputed topic. Overall, managers tend to take credit for their successes and attribute failures to bad luck. Luck also undermines the claims of management training to guarantee positive results. Overall, luck is less important for library managers because most libraries have guaranteed funding in contrast to those organizations that depend upon generating revenue from their less predictable customers and clients. The physical world offers bad luck with fires, floods, hurricanes, and tornadoes. Luck from people can include both—an assault in the library or an unexpected grant opportunity. Library managers should not attribute failures to bad luck before emotionlessly evaluating the reasons and taking away any lessons for future success. They should also be open to finding good luck by continuously scanning their environment and then acting quickly to benefit from any opportunities before they slip away. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic institutions today are experiencing a legion of security risks that are increasingly impeding their mission of producing high-quality graduates, guarding reason and educational integrity, and ultimately advancing human civilisation. The Enterprise Security Risk Management (ESRM) model represents a potential solution to the dynamic threats that accredited universities face today. However, ESRM adoption is largely absent, slow, and inconsistent in Kenya's accredited universities. Only a few attempts have been made to understand what drives security risk management adoption in these universities. Based on seven in-depth interviews with Chief Security Officers across larger accredited universities in Kenya and utilising an overarching innovation adoption model, we examine the organisational predictors of ESRM adoption in these universities. Within the limitations of this study, the data collected highlight the fundamental role of university executive commitment, security governance, and security risk management training in enhancing the diffusion of ESRM systems in universities. We have discussed managerial implications and suggested future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sleep problems and externalizing problems tend to be positively associated, but the direction of this association is unclear. Day-to-day associations between sleep and behavior were examined in children (N = 22) ages 3–8 with clinical levels of externalizing problems. These children were enrolled in Parent Management Training and behavioral sleep intervention. During assessments before and after treatment, children wore actigraphs for seven days and parents concurrently completed sleep diaries and daily tallies of noncompliance, aggression, and tantrums. Multilevel modeling was used to account for the nested structure of the data, at the day-to-day level (level 1), within assessment points (level 2), and within children (level 3). Late sleep timing and fragmentation were predictive of next-day noncompliance and tantrums, respectively. There were fewer associations for a given day's behavior predicting that night's sleep, although children who showed more aggression and noncompliance at baseline tended to have later bedtimes and sleep onset times compared to other children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accreditation by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) exemplifies a widely accepted commitment to business school differentiation both in terms of both value and quality. Business schools embarking on the initial accreditation journey must invest significant human and capital resources to achieve this goal. Given this, institutions should employ practices designed to optimize their potential for success. Well-established project management processes can do just that. This paper summarizes the scope of AACSB initial accreditation, reviews applicable project management development approaches, and summarizes the project management methods and artifacts most appropriate for each phase of the accreditation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) provides partners with information for allocating limited budget resources. Challenges in conducting CEAs include collecting data across multiple sources, introducing cost ssumptions, and delivering the results to partners. This paper introduces strategies to address these challenges using the example of the Strengthening Accountability to Reach All Students (STARS) project, a government-implemented differentiated instruction project in Ghana. To implement the programme for one school year, including opportunity costs related to training, the differentiated instruction plus basic management arm cost $48 per child, while the differentiated instruction plus basic and enhanced management training arm cost $84 per child. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the development of high school pre-service teachers' knowledge in classroom management. Data were collected from their classroom management plans, which were submitted at the beginning of one preparation course and revised at the end. This course provided extensive instruction, practice, and assignments incorporating key classroom management strategies. Analyses indicate how focusing on certain aspects of classroom management aids in knowledge development. Findings have implications for strengthening classroom management curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article outlines the development of water resources management and research in hydrology in Slovakia in the last century when the centralised water resources planning provided a robust framework for the development of hydrological research. We first present facts about the organisation of research in hydrology from 1948 to 1990, which dealt with various problems of practical relevance. Experimental research and its international outreach in the collaborative programs of the Danube countries or the UNESCO water programmes are described. Then, the main achievements related to experimental hydrological research in two small research catchments with long histories of operation, the Mošteník Brook and the Bystrianka Creek catchments, are presented. Short biographies of researchers who significantly contributed to the overall development of water management or hydrological research in small catchment in Slovakia are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A particular strand within cultural heritage studies has been developing, known as "dark" heritage. However, its usage does not always point to a clear or universal definition, but rather tacit assumptions over what it might mean. The author and colleagues have contributed to perpetuating the continued "dark heritage" referencing through the ongoing research collective "Lapland's Dark Heritage". Investigating the ongoing impacts of the legacy of the Second World War in Finnish Lapland, the project has shed light on local sentiments towards both tangible and intangible reminders of conflict. It has critiqued the apparent state-sanctioned silencing of some aspects of that past, and analysed the ruptures caused to traditional Northern lifeways in the continued context of colonial frameworks. Yet scholars are not merely innocent observers. This paper approaches "dark" heritage on three levels. Firstly, it summarizes Lapland's Dark Heritage and its impact on discussions and actions outside academia, including heritage management policy. Secondly, it problematizes the term and its development through the frameworks of critical heritage – challenging the assumptions inherent in the term concerning what makes its focus either "dark" or "heritage". Finally, it takes a wider view, questioning whether the analyses that scholars make have relevance or interest to the wider society. By so doing, the paper contributes to the broader debate concerning the future directions of heritage studies, including the apparent disconnect between applied heritage management training and methods, and more theoretical critical heritage discourses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Science and technology has become a key element in determining the future of national innovation competitiveness. For enhancing the national technology innovation competitiveness, an accurate assessment of the national technology innovation capability is required. National innovation competitiveness has been assessed by the International Institute for Management Development (IMD) and the World Economic Forum internationally; however, a comprehensive and systematic analysis is lacking. Classification and ranking belief simplex (CaRBS) is based on the Dempster–Shafer theory of evidence, which allows for a measure of ignorance. A simplex plot method of representing data allows a clear visual representation to the degree of interaction of the support from the variables to the prediction of the objects. To illustrate the proposed approach, CaRBS is applied to the survey data from OECD, IMD, USPTO, ITU and surveyed data reported by the Korea Institute of Science and Technology Evaluation and Planning. As a result, Finland is the highest national innovation capability country among 20 OECD countries. The proposed approach is expected to be useful for evaluating national innovation capability and innovation policymaking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The operations improvement literature is found to focus on the adoption of relatively stable, monolithic external management ideas, neglecting the processes by which such ideas and associated practices are identified in source organizations and changed before and during adoption. The notion of translation is used to analyze the way SME managers assimilate practices observed in larger firms during a management development programme. A model of the micropractices of operations managers during translation is developed. The five micropractices are: navigating distance; identifying and categorizing ideas; interacting with peers; persevering based on reassurance; re-embedding practices. The findings point to the importance of understanding that managers, especially in SMEs, are active in selecting and adapting parts of systemic improvement approaches such as lean, rather than simply choosing and adopting them wholesale. They also underline the importance of peer networking in the translation process. Senior managers who want to adopt management ideas must take account of translation in their strategies. Policy-makers who advocate and evaluate the use of well-known management ideas must also be aware that translation may mean that many useful practices are adopted, even if the adopting firms no longer explicitly espouse the overarching management idea of which these practices are a part. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite decades of research in classroom management, issues contributing to novice teachers feeling unprepared to manage classrooms have not been fully explored. Teachers reported uncertainty with classroom management practices and requested clear expectations and additional support in classroom management (Cooper et al. 2018; Mireles-Rios, Becchio, and Roshandel 2019). This study's purpose was to describe how feelings of unpreparedness were shaped by teacher preparation in classroom management including suggestions for teachers and teacher mentors. Constructivism, social constructivism, and instructional scaffolding showed that active learning and practice with gradually reduced support increased classroom management autonomy (Bruner 2009; Piaget 1932; Vygotsky 1978). The qualitative descriptive case study utilized interviews with eight novice teachers from the California Bay Area and an analysis of transcripts and course descriptions to describe classroom management needs. Findings identified a lack of practical approaches, poor preparation for behavioral issues, and minimal evidence-based classroom management training. Researchers suggested actionable solutions for teachers and teacher mentors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to bring attention to the most critical factor of multi-tier sustainable supplier management in an emerging economy. This study used an explorative approach to identify and understand the barriers to multi-tier sustainable supplier management in Pakistan's textile sector and strategies to overcome these barriers. The top three barriers are 'lack of technical knowledge, lack of awareness, and lack of interest'. It further proposes eight strategies for overcoming these barriers to multi-tier sustainable supplier management in Pakistan's textile sector. The top three strategies to overcome these barriers are 'employee, supplier, and management training', 'expert support', and 'government regulation'. This study provides the holistic approach to multi-tier sustainable supplier management barriers of an emerging economy. Identified barriers will help and provide a base for textile sector managers and decision-makers in an emerging economy to develop policies and strategies to address identified barriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of this study was fivefold: to investigate the symptoms that would prompt collegiate aviation pilots perceive they are fatigued; to investigate the time of the day they are most fatigued; to investigate their academic and personal schedules; to investigate the methods collegiate aviation pilots utilize to ensure they are fit to fly; and to investigate whether they have received any academic and/or flight fatigue identification and management training. Background: Fatigue is a pervasive safety hazard in aviation affecting several aspects of flight crew members' ability to perform their job. Fatigue in aviation and its consequences has been researched across military and commercial operations, but until now Part 141 collegiate aviation pilots have been neglected. Method: Data were collected using an online survey questionnaire self-report questionnaire (N = 122) consisting of items investigating fatigue identification and management by Part 141 collegiate aviation pilots. Results: Sixty percent of the participants usually experience the mental and physical symptoms of fatigue during flight activities. A finding of concern was that 43% of the participants indicated they had not received any training in fatigue identification and management during ground and flight activities. Conclusion: The safety management of fatigue in a Part 141 collegiate aviation environment is a safety issue that warrants further research, and training and education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of this Brief Report is to synthesize the current evidence base examining moderators of psychosocial intervention response for children and adolescents with conduct problems (CP). We also provide directions for future research. Method: We focused on four categories of psychosocial interventions for the prevention and/or treatment of CP: (1) parent management training (PMT) for children, (2) other family-based interventions for adolescents, (3) youth skills training, and (4) multicomponent interventions (i.e., family-based intervention plus skills training). Emphasis is placed on findings from meta-analyses. Results: Moderation analyses have occurred more frequently for PMT than for other types of interventions. Variables for which there was consistent evidence for positive moderation included higher initial severity of CP, father engagement, higher maternal depressive symptoms, individual administration (vs. group), and treatment/targeted prevention approaches (vs. universal prevention). Variables where there was evidence for no moderation (demonstrating generalizability) included child diagnostic status and family risk in PMT, and diagnostic status and intervention setting for skills training. However, for some variables, evidence of moderation was dependent on intervention type. Conclusions: Future research should examine multiple moderators in combination; incorporate innovative techniques such as integrative data analyses, individual participant data, and class-based modeling, which may identify moderator effects that are undetected by more traditional variable-oriented moderation analyses; and conduct moderated mediation models for informing developmental theory on the interplay of risk and protective factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital Twin can provide emergency response staff with large quantities of useful information about the emergency. However, the capability of the staff to understand and use the information correctly is equally as important. Hence, regular crisis management training is required in sophisticated manufacturing systems. Still, the time and location constraints limit the frequency of conducting such practices. As such, virtual reality-based crisis management training methods were proposed in the literature. However, little research was conducted to investigate the underlying mechanisms that drive both the perception and the adoption of virtual reality for crisis management training among users. To address this research gap, this study proposed a research model to examine the effects of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived behavioral control, application-specific self-efficacy, and attitude on users' acceptance of the system. A partial least squares structural equation modeling approach was used for model testing based on 103 valid observations. The results demonstrated that the constructs proposed in our study determined user acceptance of the system, and the research model was able to explain 60% of the variance in behavioral intention. The likelihood of acceptance of related technologies may be increased by applying the findings of this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to test the effect of each dimension of Management Development Index, human resource system (HRS) and employee engagement (EE) on firm performance. Additionally, the study attempts to establish if EE is a missing link in the HRS–firm performance relationship. Using disproportionate stratified random sampling, data were collected from a sample of managerial staff of 10 multinational corporations to test the hypotheses. A two-stage structural equation modeling technique was used to test the hypothesized relationships among the constructs. The findings indicate that management development and HRS are associated with firm performance. The study results further support EE as a mediator in the HRS–firm performance relationship, albeit partially. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pesticides optimize agricultural and livestock activity but their improper management damages health and the environment. The objective of this study was to carry out a baseline study of future intervention and reference locations to implement an intervention program. Two intervention locations and a third reference location were selected. Subsistence farmers and their relatives were surveyed on socio-demographic characteristics, pesticide management, clothing used in agricultural work, use of PPE, and perception about damage to their health and the environment. Simple frequencies were estimated and differences in proportions or means were compared, as well as associated factors. The inadequate arrangement of packaging represents an environmental problem because most empty containers are dispersed in the field. PPE are insufficient and are not used due to discomfort and lack of money. Health damage from pesticide use, low education level and training in pesticide management were associated with not using PPE, while having used pesticides ≤20 years was associated with a lower possibility of not using PPE. The most frequent symptoms of intoxication reported were headache, burning eyes, dizziness, skin irritation and weakness. Subsistence farmers reported that pesticides contaminate soil and water, causing damage to the environment. It is necessary to implement programs aimed at training in pesticide management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To assess medical leadership competencies of physicians in India, to analyse the competency gaps, and suggest measures for medical leadership development. Methods: A survey questionnaire was developed to assess 30 medical leadership competencies at 'Self-assessed proficiency' levels (1 very poor to 5 very good), 'Perceived importance of competency' levels (1 not important to 5 very important) amongst physicians and perceived need for medical leadership development programmes (MLDPs) to which 540 doctors responded (54%). Findings: Majority (70%) self-assessed their competencies between 'Average to Good'. Self-assessed competency levels fell significantly short of the perceived importance of each of the competencies across all demographic variables. Thus, the study demonstrated existence of significant 'Medical leadership competency gap'. The competencies, which were consistently deficient were in the NHS-MLCF domains of Setting directions, Working with others, and Managing services, with the lowest rated competency being 'Knowledge of HR, procurement, financial and contracts management'. The variables, which were observed to have significant influence on competency levels included: Formal management training, Speciality and Duration of management/leadership experience. Majority (94.8%) of physicians indicated need for MLDPs at all levels. Conclusions: This is the first study from India highlights leadership competency gaps amongst physicians and confirms need for MLDPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Executive dysfunction causes significant real-life disability for children with spina bifida (SB) and acquired brain injury (ABI), and efficient interventions are needed. Goal Management Training (GMT) is a cognitive rehabilitation intervention for improving executive function (EF) that has received empirical support in studies of adults with SB and ABI. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility and acceptability of a newly developed pediatric GMT protocol (pGMT). Thirteen children (7 boys, 10-16 years) with SB (n = 4), traumatic brain injury (n = 8), and encephalitis (n = 1) were included, based upon the presence of EF problems as described by parents. The participants received 21 h of pGMT, using inpatient intervention periods, followed by 4 h of pGMT outpatient guidance over 8 weeks. Notably, pGMT was found to be both feasible and acceptable, with satisfactory compliance for the children, parents and teachers, in addition to being considered acceptable by all participants. Furthermore, a reliable change in daily life EF was reported by the parents for 2 children. And, some children obtained scores below clinical cut-off on a measure of parent reported real-life EF after intervention. Hence, findings suggest that a randomized controlled trial of pGMT, with a larger sample size, should be conducted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the formal instruments of design governance and the urban design decision-making environment in Chinese cities. It identifies Shenzhen, Shanghai and Nanjing as three cities pioneering in design-led planning in China and critically evaluates their approaches using a series of 'best practice' principles for design review and development management. The findings are based on 20 semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders, a review of their design portfolios, and an analysis of urban design policies and plans. The paper identifies the progress made with design governance in the three 'pioneer' cities as well as the challenges associated with adopting more design-sensitive planning practice. It concludes with four recommendations for Chinese cities. These focus on foregrounding sense of place in city-wide urban design visions, raising the quality of design guidance and codes, more effectively coordinating regulations produced by different government departments and agencies, and widening opportunities for public participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper unpacks the emergence of pro-poor insurance-based climate change adaptation initiatives within development and disaster management agencies. It details how the equation between insurance and ethical climate change adaptation emerged through development economists' moral and technical critique of ex post disaster relief, which positioned insurers' unique styles of thought and practice as ethical and technical solutions to the problem of how to manage the state's financial capacity. However, an example of Dominican disaster budgeting demonstrates how insurantialized disaster governance both compliments and contrasts with alternative disaster financing strategies based in Caribbean states' efforts to create autonomy from plantation dependencies. In the contemporary Caribbean, the moral imperative to become economically self-sufficient reconfigures state-donor-market-society relations in ways that further hollow out Caribbean states' political independence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whereas there are numerous articles about the extent to which auditors meet the expectations of others regarding the way in which they carry out their tasks (i.e. the audit expectation gap), no literature is available on this same question regarding management accountants. Analysing survey data from management accountants and their managers working in public and not-for-profit organizations, this article shows that such a 'management accountants' expectation gap' does exist as there is, on certain aspects, a difference between the expectations of managers regarding the role of the management accountant and the extent to which these expectations are met. IMPACT The management accountant in the public and the not-for-profit sector advises the organization and its management on formulating, realizing and evaluating social and financial results, the organization and functioning of the management control system and accountability. Research shows that there are differences between public managers' expectations regarding the role of management accountants in the public sector and the extent to which these expectations are met. The effectiveness of management accountants partly depends on the extent to which they meet management's expectations with respect to their role. This article shows that managers want their management accountants to give more advice without being asked to do so, but the independent attitude, that inevitably plays a role in this, is less appreciated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the competence of subordinates is considered desirable in the workplace, it may create challenges in managing people in organizations. This study examines why subordinates' competence triggers ostracism within the workplace based on social comparison theory and previous insecurity studies. Data from both managers (N = 130) and their subordinates (N = 231) provided findings which affirm that, first, some managers regard competent subordinates as potential challengers and thus develop a feeling of insecurity, which creates motivation for the ostracism of those competent subordinates. Second, those subordinates who feel ostracized by managers may show less commitment toward their managers, feel less confident and engage in negative gossip about their managers. The implications of competence triggered ostracism for management include that competent subordinates require active management and development to avoid potentially damaging relationships between managers and subordinates emerging which would be detrimental to the organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Policies and legislation for the importation and use of non-native (NN) freshwater fishes have been rapidly evolving in several countries around the world in response to heightened evidence of their adverse ecological and economic impacts. In China, the already large and growing number of NN freshwater fishes being imported from foreign countries or translocated within China has necessitated the development of management strategies supported by policies at both national and regional levels. Despite increasing awareness of the damage caused by NN fishes, such initiatives in China continue to lag behind those already implemented in other countries. This study endeavors to narrow this policy gap by: (i) providing a synoptic overview of the vectors and pathways of NN freshwater fish introductions and dispersal both into and within China; (ii) evaluating existing policies and legislation relative to those currently implemented in Europe, the USA and Canada; (iii) examining the role of decision-support tools for identifying and assessing the risks posed by NN fishes; and (iv) proposing perspectives and possible options for NN fish policies, legislation and management in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective classroom management is of critical importance to the success of universal, Tier I supports and services. Unfortunately, teacher-reported deficits in classroom management training are well documented. In response, use of professional development activities such as consultation, coaching, and on-going performance feedback emphasizing skill-building have proliferated. The Direct Behavior Rating-Classroom Management (DBR-CM) was developed to facilitate screening and formative data collection to drive these activities. This study presents the background, development, and preliminary psychometric evidence for the DBR-CM. Specifically, this study examined inter-rater reliability and concurrent validity in support of the DBR-CM. Findings are promising with inter-rater reliability approaching or exceeding acceptable agreement levels and significant correlations noted between DBR-CM scores and concurrently completed measures of teacher classroom management behavior and perceived self-efficacy. Implications for use and future research are discussed, including further validation and refinement of the DBR-CM and its use within indirect, consultative service delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The silvicultural information base for the development of management regimes for Tanzanian miombo woodlands is underdeveloped. The limited and fragmented information on tree growth and stand dynamics has constrained the progress of sustainable management in these woodlands. Therefore, this study focused on analysing major components of tree growth, mortality, in-growth and stand dynamics on permanent sample plots in miombo woodlands. Empirical modelling within a species-grouping framework was applied to tree increment as a function of the species characteristics, tree size and stand conditions. An inversed J-shape diameter distribution of the stand indicated the presence of a working regeneration process, pointing towards sustainability in stand structures. The regulation of stand density is one of the key parameters in the sustainable management of miombo woodlands, providing a powerful tool for maximising in-growth, minimising mortality and enhancing tree growth and yield for a healthier miombo ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research Implications: This exploratory study investigates three possible antecedents to engagement and highlights the differences that gender plays in engaging employees. Overall, this research showcases how grit, ethical climate, and perceived supervisory support positively impact physical and emotional engagement in business-to-business salespeople. More specifically, this study finds that having an ethical climate directly promotes physical engagement for females. However, for males, the impact of ethical climate on physical engagement is mediated through perceived supervisory support. This is shown by the fact that only males exhibited a positive impact of perceived supervisory support on physical engagement coupled with ethical climate's impact on perceived supervisory support being significantly stronger for males. Therefore, it is imperative that organizations exhibit an ethical climate in order for sales representatives to engage physically in their roles. In addition, it is essential that male sales representatives perceive support from their supervisor since that also directly impacted physical engagement. This study also illuminates that emotional engagement is not formed via ethical climate but instead is directly impacted through perceived supervisory support, whereas the impact is stronger for males than females. Therefore, enhancing perceptions of supervisory support will aid in employees being excited, interested, and enthusiastic towards their job. Finally, although there were no gender differences, the individual construct, grit, positively impacted both physical and emotional engagement for business-to-business salespeople. This trait should be considered in hiring decisions and developed using sales training in the sales workforce. Although this study provides a good initial examination of how physical and emotional engagement can be impacted by grit, ethical climate, and perceived supervisory support in business-to-business sales organizations, this study also highlights the need for additional research on both engagement and how differences in gender might impact these results. Contribution of the article: This is the first study that has examined antecedents to engagement in a business-to-business sales setting. In addition, this study investigates how gender impacts the development of physical and emotional engagement. This study is important to sales research because it highlights how physical and emotional engagement are developed by different antecedents when gender is taken into consideration. Some examples of guidance provided based on the study results can be categorized into three primary categories. These categories include (1) how an organization can exhibit an ethical climate, (2) ways a supervisor can provide support to their salespeople, and (3) sales management training to improve the grittiness of employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This contribution analyses internal management development activities at Tata Sons during the 1940s and 1950s in India. The existing literature has concentrated on the establishment of management education programmes at universities, and our understanding of in-company managerial training and development activities remains very limited. The contribution challenges the commonly held assumption that the American influence on Indian higher education in the post-war period was decisive in shaping management education in general. After 1947, Tata Sons continued to look to Great Britain for management development models to build the internal capacities and management culture that would make governing a diversified business group practical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A sample of marketing graduates was surveyed to identify the factors that caused some of them to feel that they had become 'professional marketers' consequent to their early experiences of work in graduate marketing positions. A model of the possible determinants of the form of 'workplace identity' that a marketing graduate would assume was developed and tested. The model hypothesised that: (i) a firm's approaches to training and management development, mentoring, appraisal and reward; (ii) the natures of the tasks allocated to graduate marketing recruits and the task culture prevailing within an enterprise; and (iii) specific characteristics of the individual employee affected the emergence of particular types of workplace identity. Levels of each category of professional identity observed among the sample members were then correlated with job and organisational satisfaction and commitment, self-assessed operational performance, and intention to remain with an enterprise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past several years, there have been significant changes that have affected the sales function and the needed competencies of sales managers. Unfortunately, there has been no recent research investigating the status of sales management training practices. The purpose of the present study is to investigate current practices of sales management training programs in terms of delivery and content. Our results indicate that training occurs at early stages in managers' careers, remote training technologies are frequently used, and significant gender differences in training perceptions exist. Limitations and future research directions are provided, as are management implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article represents the results of a study of the participants in the Association of Research Libraries (ARL) Leadership and Career Development Program (LCDP). The study was designed initially to determine the effectiveness of the initiative; however, secondary goals reveal data on program participants' perceptions of the success of the program in multiple areas of leadership as defined by program elements. In addition to demographic queries, participants were asked about positions held before and after program completion and the perceived impact of the program on their career paths. Participants were also queried on major program components including the mentoring relationship, research and publishing, and other leadership activities. Findings on the key elements of the ARL LCDP—the mentoring relationship, research and publication, and other leadership activities—are not unlike findings from other available research on library leadership institutes. It is clear from the evidence presented that the majority of the researchers included here are aware of the difficulties of correlating the impact of participating in and attending library leadership institutes; however, candid comments from participants reveal assessing the impacts of these programs on individuals qualitatively is much more easily done, and illuminating, than attempts to do so quantitatively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper details the emerging need for relational skills in marketing. The challenges of fostering relational resources within marketing practice and pedagogy are then discussed. Next, the paper explores the value of experiential learning approaches in education and considers different experiential models for fostering relational resources. An African Drumming circle was chosen, because it offers exciting opportunities to explore relational principles both through the actual lived experience as well through the active exploration of the metaphor. The paper concludes that the drumming circle offers an interesting access to experiencing the movement from being an individual actor to collaborating as part of a wider network of actors. Thus, insights are generated at the level of lived experience as well as at a more metaphoric one. The paper therefore serves to foreground the role of pedagogy in Relationship Marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Moderators, mediators and nonspecific predictors of treatment after cognitive rehabilitation of executive functions in a randomised controlled trial Objective: To explore moderators, mediators and nonspecific predictors of executive functioning after cognitive rehabilitation in a randomised controlled trial, comparing Goal Management Training (GMT) with an active psycho-educative control-intervention, in patients with chronic acquired brain injury.Methods: Seventy patients with executive dysfunction were randomly allocated to GMT (n = 33) or control (n = 37). Outcome measures were established by factor-analysis and included cognitive executive complaints, emotional dysregulation and psychological distress.Results: Higher age and IQ emerged as nonspecific predictors. Verbal memory and planning ability at baseline moderated cognitive executive complaints, while planning ability at six-month follow-up mediated all three outcome measures. Inhibitory cognitive control emerged as a unique GMT specific mediator. A general pattern regardless of intervention was identified; higher levels of self-reported cognitive-and executive-symptoms of emotional dysregulation and psychological distress at six-month follow-up mediated less improvement across outcome factors.Conclusions: The majority of treatment effects were nonspecific to intervention, probably underscoring the variables' general contribution to outcome of cognitive rehabilitation interventions. Interventions targeting specific cognitive domains, such as attention or working memory, need to take into account the patients' overall cognitive and emotional self-perceived functioning. Future studies should investigate the identified predictors further, and also consider other predictor candidates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This account of practice provides a practical example of the use of mindfulness practice within action learning which was a component of a bespoke UK Business School post-graduate leadership development programme commissioned by an English NHS Mental Health Trust aimed at improving the leadership capacity of mid-level managers through work-based learning. The article discusses background and context of the programme followed by how application of mindfulness exercises was integrated within the action learning process to encourage participants to be 'in the moment' as an added component of their leadership development. The aim of the paper is to share examples of practice applied within action learning. Finally, the paper asserts that the application of mindfulness exercises helped to enhance the action learning process by creating a calm, focused space for individual and collective reflections, enhancing the quality of engagement and enabling action learning members to take a more pragmatic approach to addressing the work issues raised within the action learning sets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), a behavioral therapy that targets psychological flexibility (PF), has been shown to be efficacious across a wide range of problems, including chronic work-related stress and perceived stress. ACT's effect on the multiple levels of the acute stress response (i.e., subjective and biological) is less well understood. The aim of the current study was to test whether ACT, by working toward PF, would reduce both the endocrine and subjective evaluations of participants' acute stress response. Methods: Participants (n = 35) were randomized to an ACT condition or waitlist (WL). Participants in the ACT condition received a two-day ACT workshop on how to flexibly deal with stress. All participants completed a standardized laboratory stress test. Results: The ACT and WL groups did not differ on main comparisons of the endocrine response (i.e., cortisol) or subjective evaluation. Baseline levels of PF moderated some outcomes. Avoidant participants had a stronger endocrine stress reaction if they received the ACT intervention. Limitations: The control condition was a WL and not an active intervention comparison. Conclusions: ACT is not useful in reducing the acute stress response and may even be iatrogenic, at least during tasks with little real-world impact for their personal values. Clinical or methodological significance of this article: This was one of the first studies to investigate the impact of an ACT intervention on biological parameters. The short-term intervention did not attenuate acute endocrine stress levels or subjective stress appraisals. Future studies should investigate which interventions and under which conditions attenuate acute and long-term stress responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strategic decision support systems (strategic DSS) are one means of helping managers understand strategy and its implications. Strategic DSS contain many general decision support system (DSS) features, and are intended for senior managers. This article discusses the ongoing development of a strategic DSS for the Banknotes and Securities Division of Orell Fussli, a Swiss printing company. The system incorporates conceptual models, and provides explanations, cases, and guidance on how to use the models effectively. It helps train managers in strategic concepts and facilitates strategic thinking, and has been used to help develop and validate product/market strategies. We also provide several practical guidelines, including use of multiple conceptual models to present different perspectives and provision of a strategic management framework to organize those models. The system's features and guidelines add to our growing knowledge of how to electronically support strategic thinking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Newly selected sales managers often have problems making a successful transition from personal selling to sales management. Yet, sales management training remains one of the most neglected areas in the personal selling and sales management literature. In the past thirty-two years, only three studies have been published on this important topic. Findings from these studies reveal that most sales managers receive little or no formal training for their sales management roles, and that the training provided often has glaring weaknesses. This study is the first to investigate the availability and characteristics of sales management training programs from the perspectives of sales managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The decisions surrounding salesforce hiring, career development and promotion choices have traditionally been left to the creativity and subjective judgement of marketing managers with very few decision aids from which to draw. As salesforce management became a task requiring an increasingly international focus, the complexity of the decisions and the cultural sensitivity required have left the management of the global salesforce as a very challenging function within the multinational firm. The assessment center, a structured means of evaluating potential new sales recruits and candidates for promotion and transfer, is offered as a tool to begin to address the above problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an empirical examination of the Situational Leadership® Model (SLM), which is used extensively in management training programs by major corporations and government agencies. Data from 675 salespersons and 41 branch managers in the insurance industry did not support the hypothesis that leadership styles prescribed by the SLM were associated with superior sales performance. The four styles described by the SLM were also tested, with an exploratory regression, in terms of their relative effects on sales performance. Agents working for managers who preferred the high-task, low-relationship style performed better than did agents working for managers who preferred other styles. Some implications for future research and practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A paper of interest to both marketing practitioners and marketing educators, it reports some of the findings of a recent survey undertaken for the Institute of Marketing on the background and training of marketing executives in the UK. Selected findings and their implications are discussed, specifically the respondents' educational qualifications, level and marketing content; participation in training courses, their attitudes towards future training and career development. The final section of the paper looks at the respondents' expressed needs for further marketing training to better equip them for both their current jobs and their future career. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parts I and II of this paper were concerned with a model based on the CULOG form of the learning curve, its comparison with existing functions, and its applications in the training of employees. In the present part it is proposed to discuss briefly the applications of the model in forecasting future production levels of new products (or of products in new plants) and in production control generally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Approximately 30% of patients with Parkinson's disease experience mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI), often affecting executive functions. Our objective was to assess tolerability, safety and preliminarily efficacy of Goal Management Training® (GMT) for PD-MCI. GMT was administered at home, for five weeks. Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX), Parkinson Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39), Zoo Map Test and Dementia Rating Scale-II were administered before, one and four weeks after Adapted-GMT. Reliable Change Index (RCI) was calculated. One participant completed GMT with caregiver. Executive complaints decreased (DEX RCIs between -2.10 and -1.68), PDQ-39 was maintained (RCI = -0.18). Adapted-GMT seems safe for PD-MCI, but efficacy remains doubtful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globalization is a powerful force shaping today's business environment. This paper focuses on how African business schools can prepare their students to manage for globalization. In line with the growing need for managing business in a volatile environment and that of balancing local and global challenges, this paper argues for a globally portable approach to management based on core competencies, which at the same time, is also sensitive to cultural and contextual contingencies that inform management in Africa. A theoretical model of business education leading to a theory of global managerial competence is offered with, competence located in the interstitial space where knowledge and skills cohere. Specific strategies for business schools and their implications for management training are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the International Council for Small Business (ICSB) which aims at promoting growth and development of small businesses. Topics discussed include information on the ICSB 2017 World Conference held in Dublin, Ireland ; objective of ICSB regarding advancement of management development practices for potential entrepreneurs and existing small business owners; and benefits of individual membership in ICSB.

Business Driven Action Learning (BDAL), as a learning philosophy that attempts to create real value for business is often used by executive education providers in their management development programmes. As the action learning facilitator, I found that the learning that took place during such a management development programme resulted in participants experiencing stress, anxiety and high levels of frustration, which threatened the learning process. The resulting paradox in the learning environment is that the same anxiety that is necessary to ensure that learning took place has the propensity, if too high to hamper learning. Utilising the findings from this research, this account of practice makes recommendations for the action learning facilitator to consider while guiding action learning sets (groups). The facilitator can alleviate many of the fears by emphasising that anxiety is necessary in the learning process. The facilitator can mediate the learning relationship between the individual participant and the learning environment as depicted in the model at the end of the article. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Management training and development (T&D) plays an important part in enabling managers to deal with complexity and change associated with new public service systems. Using a service-dominant logic approach, this paper explores the relevance of T&D in preparing managers for changing roles, responsibilities and relationships that integrated service systems demand. Exploring the views of service managers working in Community Health Partnerships, the study establishes that present management T&D does not support the delivery of integrated services which require different abilities and new ways of working. New public service systems demand new processes of learning where re-framing the position of managers and their T&D becomes increasingly necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The UK government's austerity means that public service providers, such as the National Health Service (NHS), are looking for efficiencies from service integration and collaborative working. This paper highlights how NHS (Scotland) management is coping with these changes and how the role of the manager and the nature of management development is being transformed. New forms and processes of management learning and development are needed for collaborative partnership working in multi-agency public service environments. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]