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The primary source evidence for the book is the landscape itself and various aspects of that landscape are identified as "threads" that together form the "cloth" of the whole. The chosen structure is to allocate a chapter to each thread, each chapter containing short discussions of certain aspects. The chapter on routeways summarises the work of the Huddersfield Local History Society on redefining the route taken by a Roman road from Castleshaw to Slack. [Extracted from the article]

This study aimed to explore the association between hamstring strength, age and lower limb soft tissue injury history and subsequent hamstring injury among Australian Football League (AFL) players. This prospective cohort study recruited 125 players from three professional AFL teams. Eccentric knee flexor strength was assessed while performing the Nordic hamstring exercise in pre-season, and injury data were collected retrospectively (hamstring, groin, calf, quadriceps and knee), and prospectively (hamstring injuries) for one AFL playing season. Fourteen players (11%) sustained a hamstring injury in the subsequent playing season. Nordic strength was not significantly associated with future hamstring injury (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.9, p = 0.36), whereas player age greater than 25 years (OR = 2.9, p < 0.05), report of a hamstring injury within the previous year (OR = 3.7, p = 0.01), or greater than 1-year (OR = 3.6, p = 0.01), a previous groin (OR = 8.6, p < 0.01) or calf injury (OR = 4.6, p = 0.01) were factors significantly associated with subsequent hamstring injury. Based on these findings, increasing age and previous hamstring, groin and calf injury are all associated with an elevated risk of subsequent hamstring injury in AFL players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cavalier poetry has often been regarded as quintessentially English: a product of the Caroline court, a fervent aspect of Civil War royalism and a very English version of amorous classicism. This article argues a contrary case: that in significant ways Cavalier verse was indebted to continental poetry in one or other of the European vernacular languages, defined by continental culture and recognized by contemporaries for these qualities. I explore poetry writing in relation to the activities of Cavalier poets in Europe before, during and after the British Civil Wars, either as diplomats, other kinds of political agent, soldiers, tutors, exiles, merchants or just as simple travellers. European poets also came to England, and, while firmly preoccupied in their own business, also directly confronted English matters and people, and wrote poetry about their experiences that may be seen as an integral part of English courtly, literary and royalist identity. I draw on two French examples and one Dutch example, all kinds of libertine verse. English Cavalier verse was strongly, distinctly and enduringly marked by this international literary and experiential encounter, and in some continental poetry we have a new category of Cavalier verse to acknowledge and explore. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This laboratory portrait describes the developing infrastructure and science program at the Canadian deep underground research facility, SNOLAB. Several contemporary science studies in particle and astro-particle physics, such as Galactic dark matter searches, man-made, terrestrial, solar and supernova neutrino, and neutrino-less double-beta studies, require rigorous radio-isotopic background control and deep underground science facilities, to afford shielding from penetrating cosmic rays and their secondary by-products. New threads of research focused on deep sub-surface biology, chemistry, geology, and engineering have also been developing rapidly at several deep underground sites, benefitting from the significant investment in underground access and infrastructure developed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Historically the public sector's outline business case for Light Rapid Transit/Metro public-private partnership projects delivered in the United Kingdom has frequently failed to address the project affordability decision. As a consequence the business cases have had to be reworked, redeveloped or have required the project to be revoked, in each case wasting significant amounts of public and private sector time and money. The development and testing of an effective outline business case to facilitate successful project affordability decision-making for PPP projects is described. A mixed methods research approach was adopted utilizing a case study research methodology, interviews with PPP experts to identify business case critical success factors and application of the analytical hierarchical process to assess their effectiveness. The Delphi technique was used to verify and validate the effectiveness of the outline business case. The findings demonstrated that the success of the outline business case in practice relies on three critical success factors: the degree of political support, achieving a balance between political PPP ideology and the market's acceptance of the contractual model and the level of transparency and commitment from suppliers. These factors are major uncertainties, are difficult to represent accurately within the business case and signify a major constraint to the sponsor forecasting the project's affordability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction industry in general has a poor ethical reputation, being widely regarded by the public as a sector with corrupt practices, health and safety failures, and causing damage to the environment. A modern 21st century industry needs to consider how it orientates itself to the dilemma of conflicting stakeholder and ethical demands. The implications for stakeholders of the all pervasive drive for globalization in the construction industry is reviewed, leading to a consideration of the ethical relationship interfaces that construction organizations have with their stakeholders from the viewpoint of ethics, social contracts and corporate responsibility. Building upon earlier work a prototype stakeholder ethical responsibility matrix (SERM) is proposed as a management tool. Stakeholder management using an ethical perspective can meet the needs of both agency and stakeholder requirements. The increasingly complex global construction industry presents many challenges as key business decisions in construction are in reality moral decisions also. A completed version of the SERM offers a way forward for managing the ethical dimension of construction industry decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The readership for early modern women writers needs to be expanded and we need to consider the most effective ways to make this happen, whether it is to tempt the book-buying public or to induce university departments to include early modern women in undergraduate survey courses. Either way, it is important to remember the connection between commercial success and academic acceptance. One way forward is to consider where and how women's writing engages with the established literary canon. A formalist critical approach to poems by Katherine Philips and Hester Pulter positions their work within a tradition of Royalist writing and suggests an influence on Marvell's poetry; an appreciation of Lucy Hutchinson's translation of Lucretius elucidates links with Marvell and Milton. These interactions make it possible to begin to construct a history of women's writing and its interface with literary traditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

FIDIC has over the years produced standard forms of contracts for the international procurement of projects. A source of continuing criticism of its Red Book concerns the duality in the traditional role of the engineer as the employer's agent and as an independent third party holding the balance fairly between the employer and the contractor. In response to this and other criticisms FIDIC produced a replacement for it in 1999. The role of the engineer under the new Red Book is critically examined in the light of relevant case law, expert commentaries and feedback from two multidisciplinary workshops with international participation. The examination identified three major changes: (1) a duty to act impartially has been replaced by a duty to make fair determination of certain matters; (2) it is open to parties to allow greater control of the engineer by the employer by stating in the appropriate part of the contract powers the engineer must not exercise without the employer's approval; (3) there is provision for a Dispute Adjudication Board (DAB) to which disputes may be referred. Although the duality has not been eliminated completely, the contract is structured flexibly enough to support those who wish to contract on the basis of the engineer acting solely as the agent of the employer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vogt-Kaganayi-Harada (VKH) syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by panuveitis, neuropathy and aseptic meningitis. Most patients require long-term treatment with steroids and immunosuppressants. Patients may develop concurrent autoimmune diseases, especially endocrinopathies. Secondary malignancies are rare associations. We report a Chinese man with VKH syndrome presenting with multiple cranial nerve palsy and bilateral pan-uveitis, who developed disseminated high-grade B cell lymphoma after 3-year treatment with azathioprine. This is the first report of systemic non-Hodgkin lymphoma in patients with VKH syndrome. The carcinogenic properties of azathioprine on an abnormally expanded but non-clonal lymphoid system may play a role in the pathogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the conservation of tropical forests. The plight of tropical forests has moved to the forefront of public attention around the world. Citizens of both developing and developed countries are increasingly alarmed at the widespread forest destruction that has wiped out species, accelerated soil erosion, provoked flooding, undercut the livelihood of hundreds of people and threatened to disrupt the global climate. But another serious problem arising from tropical deforestation has been largely ignored: the shrinking populations of plants in the wild, which include the near relatives of many species that yield food, beverages, oils, latex, spices, timber, and fuel wood. More than 200 crop species originated in tropical forests, and most still have wild populations there. Many species of perennial crops arose from disturbed, open sites in forests, such as sunlit river banks and temporary clearings created by fallen trees. The tropics in the U.S. are particularly rich in crop genetic resources; more than 24 perennial crop species have domesticated in Amazon alone. Mexico and the Amazon basin are key areas for crop biodiversity. It is sometimes remarked that Africa is not the original source of many crops.

The occurrence of numerous areas of black soil associated with potsherds in Amazonia has stirred controversy on the origins of the soil type and its significance in terms of precontact aboriginal population densities in the region. The theories on the origin of black earth are reviewed and it is argued that it is anthropogenic. An analysis of the physical and chemical properties of the soil type, based on widespread sampling. supports the anthropogenic argument. The abundance and depth of black earth sites indicates that Indian populations were dense and in many cases sedentary before the arrival of Europeans, even in interfluve areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines the novel `Fragoletta,' by Hyacinthe de Latouche in the context of the Romantic's refusal of classicism. Description of an overtly androgynous character; Negative criticism of the novel's fragmentary nature; Plot of the novel.

The number of crop genebanks, designed to conserve crop genetic resources and make them available to breeders, has risen dramatically in recent years. While few dispute the need to conserve crop germplasm to help boost and sustain agricultural productivity, the role of genebanks and their global distribution has become embroiled in cone troversy. Some suggest that genebanks are servicing mainly multinational seed companies and that industrial countries harbor the lion's share of crop germplasm collections. This article describes the importance of genebanks, analyzes their distribution and beneficiaries, and outlines how geographers can become more involved in the cone servation and use of crop genetic resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analyzes prose pamphlets published by the Quaker movement during the Puritan Revolution in England in the 17th century. Characteristics of radical writings; Linking of body and language in the Quaker writings; Style of Quaker writings; Conflicts concerning the leadership of the movement.

A letter to the editor is presented related to the affect of oral epstein-barr virus related B-cell lymphoma.