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Disordered eating behaviors consistently associated with emotion regulation difficulties. However, most studies have focused on affect intensity without considering dynamic affective patterns. We examined these patterns in relation to daily overeating, loss of control eating (LOCE), dietary restraint, and food craving in young adults using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Adults (N = 24) completed a 10-day EMA protocol during which they reported momentary affect and eating patterns. Generalized linear mixed-models examined each index in relation to eating variable. Higher PA instability (within-person) was associated with higher ratings of binge-eating symptoms (B = 0.15, SE = 0.06, p = 0.007). Lower NA differentiation (within-person) was associated with higher levels of food craving (B = −10.11, SE = 4.74, p = 0.033). Our results support previous findings suggesting that acute fluctuations in PA may increase risk of binge-eating symptoms. Further, inability to differentiate between momentary states of NA was associated with cravings. This study highlights the importance of examining multiple facets of NA and PA in relation to eating regulation. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02945475. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The probability of a child reading a word correctly is influenced by both child skills and properties of the word. The purpose of this study was to investigate child-level skills (set for variability and vocabulary), word-level properties (concreteness), word structure (mono- vs polymorphemic), and interactions between these properties and word structure within a comprehensive item-level model of complex word reading. This study is unique in that it purposely sampled both mono- and polymorphemic polysyllabic words. A sample of African American (n = 69) and Hispanic (n = 6) students in grades 2–5 (n = 75) read a set of mono- and polymorphemic polysyllabic words (J = 54). Item-level responses were modeled using cross-classified generalized random-effects models allowing variance to be partitioned between child and word while controlling for other important child factors and word features. Set for variability and the interaction between concreteness and word structure (i.e., mono- vs polymorphemic) were significant predictors. Higher probabilities of reading poly- over monomorphemic words were identified at lower levels of concreteness with the opposite at higher levels of concreteness. Results indicate important predictors at both the child- and word-level and support the importance of morphological structure for reading abstract polysyllabic words. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The acquired preparedness (AP) model of eating disorder (ED) risk suggests transaction between impulsive traits and eating expectancies, though there remains a lack of research investigating distinct facets of impulsivity within this framework. This study examined how different facets of impulsivity moderate associations between eating expectancies and binge-eating severity in daily life. Women with binge-eating symptoms (N = 40) completed surveys followed by 10 days of ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Generalized estimating equations examined the independent and interactive effects of impulsivity facets and eating expectancies on EMA-measured binge-eating severity. Significant interactions were found between eating expectancies and emotional and behavioral impulsivity, but not a cognitive facet. Results suggest that among women high in emotional impulsivity, those with greater eating expectancies report higher binge-eating severity. Conversely, among those with lower behavioral impulsivity, those with lower eating expectancies report lower binge-eating severity. Future prospective work is needed with non-clinical samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Binge-eating disorder (BED) is associated with overweight/obesity, physical inactivity, and disturbances in affective functioning. While research suggests that physical activity (PA) may have beneficial effects on BED symptoms, little is known about the daily correlates of PA. As a first step in understanding the processes linking PA and binge eating, this study examined associations between PA (i.e., self-reported time engaged in moderate-to-vigorous PA), affective functioning (i.e., positive and negative affect, body satisfaction, emotion regulation), and eating-related cognitions and behaviors (i.e., craving, overeating, loss of control eating) measured via ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Adults with BED (N = 91) completed a seven-day EMA protocol during which they completed repeated measures of these variables. Results indicated individuals who reported greater time engaged in PA over the EMA protocol evidenced higher positive affect and body satisfaction, and lower overeating (between-subjects effects). No significant within-subjects effects were observed. Findings demonstrate that individual differences in PA levels were related to more adaptive affective functioning and eating regulation in daily life. Results highlight the relevance of PA in BED, and the need for future studies to identify the timescale of these relationships using objective measurements of PA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research suggests caregivers of individuals with eating disorders (EDs) may attempt to reduce family strain by engaging in accommodation and enabling behaviors to avoid conflict or alleviate stress of the affected individual. Moreover, families often reorganize life around the ED, reinforcing ED behaviors and exacerbating family dysfunction and caregiver distress. However, limited research has examined how accommodation relates to caregivers' distress, family functioning, and treatment outcomes. The current study provides an initial evaluation of these associations among treatment-seeking individuals with EDs and their family members. Forty family members of individuals receiving cognitive behavioral therapy for EDs in a residential treatment setting completed the Accommodation and Enabling Scale for Eating Disorders (AESED) and measures of anxiety (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System anxiety scale) and family functioning (Family Assessment Device; FAD) at the time of their family member's treatment admission. Eighteen patients completed the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q) at admission and discharge. AESED scores were positively associated with family member anxiety, FAD roles, FAD behavioral control, and higher patient EDE-Q global scores at discharge. Findings provide preliminary evidence that greater family accommodation not only relates to poorer family functioning, but uniquely relates to worse ED treatment outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individuals with bulimia nervosa report elevated rates of childhood maltreatment, which appears to increase risk for co-occurring substance use problems and negatively impact clinical course. The current study sought to examine the mechanistic pathways by which specific forms of childhood maltreatment may give rise to substance use problems among individuals with bulimic-spectrum pathology. Women with bulimic-spectrum disorders (N = 204) completed measures of childhood trauma, emotion dysregulation, impulsivity, and substance use. Path analysis was used to examine emotion dysregulation and impulsivity as mediators of the relationship between distinct forms of childhood trauma (physical abuse, physical neglect, emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and sexual abuse) and the presence of problematic alcohol/drug use. In the full path model, significant pathways from childhood emotional abuse to emotion dysregulation, childhood emotional neglect to impulsivity, and emotion dysregulation to problematic substance use emerged. Further, emotion dysregulation significantly mediated the relationship between emotional abuse and substance use. Results indicate that emotion dysregulation may be an important mechanism linking a history of childhood emotional maltreatment to later eating and substance use problems, and therefore may be an important treatment target among individuals with co-occurring eating and substance use concerns. Childhood emotional abuse was related to greater emotion dysregulation. Childhood emotional neglect was related to greater impulsivity. Emotion dysregulation was related to greater problematic substance use. Emotional abuse may impact substance use through emotion dysregulation. Creating emotion dysregulation may improve substance and eating disorder symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integrative cognitive-affective therapy (ICAT) momentary maintenance model proposes a number of situational factors that precipitate eating disorder (ED) behaviors and cognitions. The current study examines momentary situational triggers in relation to a broad range of ED symptoms in a diagnostically heterogeneous sample of individuals with ED psychopathology. In the current study, 30 women with binge eating pathology completed a 14-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) protocol during which they responded to five random signals throughout the day. During signaled assessments, participants completed measures of self-criticism, interpersonal problems, self-regulation of binge eating, appearance concerns, and cognitive and behavioral ED symptoms. Multilevel models were used to examine prospective associations between hypothesized ICAT maintenance factors and ED symptoms. Within-subjects self-criticism prospectively predicted vomiting, restriction, preoccupation with thoughts of food, and urges to eat. Within-subjects interpersonal problems prospectively predicted vomiting, and within-subjects appearance concerns prospectively predicted preoccupation with thoughts of food. There were no significant predictors of binge eating. These results provide some support for hypothesized momentary situational triggers of ED symptoms in the momentary maintenance model of ICAT using naturalistic, momentary assessment. Specifically, it may be particularly useful for interventions such as ICAT to address momentary self-criticism when targeting a range of ED symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conversations surrounding end of life and death can be difficult or taboo for some, meaning that matters of organ and body donation are not widely discussed. To Donate or Not to Donate? That is the Question! is a comic developed to raise awareness and challenge common misconceptions about donation by encouraging the publics to engage in informed discussions about the different options available. This case study proposes graphic medicine as an alternative method of presenting donation information to a public audience, and illustrates how the comic medium can communicate body donation information in an accessible and engaging way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two-phase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models for a hybrid pulsed sieve-plate solvent extraction column, as well as a standard pulsed sieve-plate column, have been developed with commercial software ANSYS FLUENT. Hydrodynamic performance including two-phase distribution and velocity fields are generated with the models and comparisons are made between two columns. Important parameters including holdup and axial-dispersion coefficients are studied systematically, and CFD successfully predicts the higher holdup and lower axial-dispersion coefficients for the hybrid pulsed sieve-plate column as measured in the experiments. CFD also gives reasonable predictions for the effect of pulsation intensity, dispersed-phase velocity, and continuous-phase velocity on holdup, except for the effect of pulsation intensity in low pulsation region, and the cause has been discussed from the perspective of droplet breakage and coalescence. Comparison with literature data shows that CFD underestimates the holdup of hybrid pulsed sieve-plate column and standard pulsed sieve-plate column by 23.3% and 31.4%, respectively, and the cause has been discussed from the perspective of drag law. CFD gives good prediction of axial-dispersion coefficients for the hybrid pulsed sieve-plate column and the standard pulsed sieve-plate column with ARD of 12.0% and 14.3%, respectively. This study shows CFD to be a useful tool to predict performance for the novel hybrid pulsed sieve-plate column as well as the standard pulsed sieve-plate column. Abbreviations: CFD: computational fluid dynamics; RDC: rotating-disc contactor; ARD: average relative deviation [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collaborations between artists and scientists are increasingly a feature of the cultural landscape. Traditionally this relationship is seen as art in the service of science whereby artists use their skills to visually communicate complex scientific ideas. However, a hybrid form of collaborative, experimentally-driven practice has emerged over the last 30 years where artists and scientists work together to explore the creative possibilities and speculative futures represented by the intersection of these two 'cultures.' The MA Art in Science programme at Liverpool School of Art and Design facilitates discussions and interactions between subjects that have traditionally been studied in isolation within Higher Education. This paper details and discusses the theoretical foundations that have informed the curriculum design and its pedagogical ethos, describes the collaborative learning experiences at the heart of the programme, and offers an insight on how the programme's approach to transdisciplinary art-science collaborative practice could be utilised across disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Factors associated with prescription opioid misuse in a chronic pain treatment population are limited, and increasing our understanding of associated factors could lead to improved targeting of prevention and intervention efforts. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate factors associated with problematic prescription opioid use in patients with chronic pain, and whether assessing emotional processes - alexithymia, ambivalence over emotional expression (AEQ), and emotional approach coping - improves understanding of problematic prescription opioid use beyond traditional risk factors. Methods: Participants were 100 patients with chronic pain (mean age = 47.57 years, SD = 11.57; 53% female; 81% African American) who were receiving a self-administered opioid medication through a local pain clinic. We assessed traditional risk factors (substance use history, pain, psychiatric distress, and pain catastrophizing), the three emotional processes, and problematic prescription opioid-related outcomes. Results: Zero-order correlations revealed that alexithymia was significantly, positively related to problematic prescription opioid use behaviors (PDUQ), and AEQ was significantly positively related to both prescription opioid misuse behaviors and opioid use disorder symptoms. Multiple regressions that included traditional risk factors and the three emotional processes indicated that AEQ was a unique correlate of problematic opioid use behaviors (β=.27, p=.04) and prescription opioid-related symptoms of abuse and dependence (β=.37, p=.01); history of substance use disorders was also associated. Conclusions: In addition to personal history of substance use problems, AEQ is a modifiable risk factor - and thus potential treatment target - for prescription opioid misuse and opioid use disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As children learn to read, they become sensitive to context-dependent vowel pronunciations in words, considered a form of statistical learning. The work of Treiman and colleagues demonstrated that readers' vowel pronunciations depend on the consonantal context in which the vowel occurs and reading experience. Using explanatory item-response models we examined child- and nonword-factors associated with children's assignment of more versus less frequent grapheme-phoneme correspondences (GPC) to vowel pronunciations as a function of rime coda in monosyllabic nonwords. Students (N = 96) in grades 2-5 read nonwords in which more versus less frequent vowel GPCs were wholly supported or partially favored by the rime unit. Use of less frequent vowel GPCs was predicted by set for variability, word reading, and rime support for the context-dependent vowel pronunciation. We interpret the results within a developmental word reading model in which initially incomplete and oversimplified GPC representations become more context dependent with reading experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Axial dispersion performance of a 2-m high 76-mm diameter pilot-scale pulsed solvent extraction column has been studied using two liquid-liquid systems, Alamine 336/isodecanol/Shellsol 2046 (continuous)-tap water (dispersed) and LIX 84/Shellsol 2046 (continuous)-tap water (dispersed). The pulsed column was operated with standard disc and doughnut internals and Tenova pulsed column-kinetics internals using pulsation intensities from 0.005 m/s to 0.025 m/s with polyvinylidene fluoride internal plates of 22.4% open area. The effect of pulsation intensity, dispersed phase velocity, and continuous phase velocity on axial dispersion coefficient have been investigated and compared with the two different column internals, and the experimental data has been correlated with empirical relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research tested a model that integrates risk factors among non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and eating disorder (ED) behaviors with the aim of elucidating possible shared and unique mechanisms underlying both behaviors. Emotional distress, limited access to emotion regulation (ER) strategies, experiential avoidance, and NSSI/ED frequency were examined in a sample of 230 female undergraduates. Structural equation modeling indicated that limited access to ER strategies and avoidance mediated relationship between emotional distress and avoidance, which in turn was associated with NSSI and ED behaviors. Results suggest NSSI and ED behaviors may serve similar emotion regulation functions, and specifically highlight the role of experiential avoidance in these behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite evidence documenting relationships between eating disorder (ED) psychopathology, depression, and anxiety, little is known regarding how social anxiety is related to ED symptoms in treatment. Therefore this study examined associations between depression, general anxiety, social anxiety, and ED psychopathology at the beginning and end of treatment (EOT) among patients (N = 380) treated in a residential ED program. Participants completed measures of ED psychopathology and affective variables. Higher depression and general anxiety, but not social anxiety, were related to higher ED psychopathology at baseline. However, social anxiety emerged as a unique predictor of ED psychopathology at EOT such that participants with higher social anxiety evidenced less improvement in ED psychopathology. Findings suggest that social anxiety has specific relevance to treatment in EDs, which may reflect shared mechanisms and underlying deficits in emotion regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The effect of plate wettability on the dispersed-phase holdup in a pulsed disc-and-doughnut solvent extraction column is presented. Teflon, nylon, and stainless steel plates have been used to simulate a change in the wetting characteristics of the plate material that can occur in an operating column due to ageing or deposits accumulating on the plate. Experimental holdup data have been measured over a range of operating conditions using a 1.0 m long glass column with an internal diameter of 72.5 mm containing alternating discs and doughnuts. The liquid-liquid system studied was tri-n-octylamine (TOA)-kerosene-water with sulphuric acid as the solute. Results show that there are noticeable changes in the characteristic velocity (determined from measured holdup) and operational regimes for the different plate materials, particularly at low pulsation intensities, when operating under dispersed aqueous conditions. Experimental holdup data from this study have also been compared to correlations from literature for predicting holdup. As none of these correlations for holdup incorporate plate wettability, a new correlation for predicting holdup has been proposed that incorporates the contact angle of the plate material to allow for changes in the wettability of the plate surface. This correlation is able to predict the holdup data from this study to within 10.5% for aqueous dispersed conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dispersed phase holdup and droplet size are important parameters for understanding the hydrodynamic performance of pulsed solvent extraction columns. This study provides a comparison of the hydrodynamic performance between a Tenova Pulsed Column with Kinetics Internals (TPC-KI) and a pulsed column with standard disc and doughnut internals. The TPC-KIs are designed to improve the performance of systems with slow reaction kinetics, such as copper extraction with LIX 84, which was the focus of the current study. Holdup and drop size have been measured as a function of pulsation intensity and phase velocities for both types of column internals. Lower holdup and larger drop sizes were obtained with the TPC-KI, which indicates a higher flood point and a higher throughput. Correlations have been developed to predict the performance of these internals over a range of operating conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

‘Controlling images’ are central to the reproduction of racial, class, and gender inequality, yet there is a dearth of knowledge pertaining to Latinos. Drawing from sixty-two in-depth, life history interviews with Latino men, we ask: How do controlling images of Latinos as gang members and sports athletes impose constraints and channel emotions? How do Latinos respond to these images? We document how institutions and people deploying controlling images blockade access to education and upward mobility. We find that life course stage shapes Latinos’ responses to this imagery. In their youth, Latino respondents used emotional strategies to resist racial subjugation. As adults, respondents resisted racist controlling images through leadership activities in the professional realm. Since adults possess more social power than youth, adults were better equipped to engage in leadership endeavours as resistance as compared to youth who, constrained by age, predominately utilized emotional resistance strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A two-phase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation for a non-pulsed disc and doughnut solvent extraction column has been developed with commercial CFD software FLUENT. Simulated hydrodynamic results including phase distribution, velocity fields, and holdup are given, which enables predicted holdup to be compared with experimental data. Average absolute relative deviation (AARD) of experimental data and CFD prediction in this study is found to be 10.8%, which is comparable to the estimated error in the experimental data and the predictions from traditional correlations in the literature. To estimate the extent of axial dispersion, a species transport model is used for the continuous phase with a small amount of tracer introduced in the continuous phase, when Sauter mean diameter of the dispersed phase is set to be 3.5 mm. A two-point monitoring method is used to estimate a Peclet number. The tracer concentration distribution in the two-dimensional distance–time space is interpreted with MATLAB along with the experimental measurement. The simulated Peclet numbers are compared with column experiments, and in general the simulation underestimates the experimental data by 60%. Introducing a modified drag law improves the predictions. This work shows that CFD can successfully model the performance of a non-pulsed disc and doughnut solvent extraction column. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Purpose: This paper documents and evaluates collaborative learning processes aimed at developing farmer’s knowledge, skills and aspirations to use seasonal climate forecasting (SCF).Methodology: Thirteen workshops conducted in 2012 engaged over 200 stakeholders across Australian sugar production regions. Workshop design promoted participant interaction, stimulated discussion, collected farmer experience of regional climate variability, improved understanding of climate drivers and increased participant skill in interpreting SCF linked to management decisions. Post-workshop surveys collected quantitative and qualitative data for statistical analysis and manual thematic coding.Findings: Over 68% of participants identified improved decision-making and risk reduction as the main benefits of using SCF products. High median self-evaluation ratings for gains in skills, knowledge and understanding of climate forecasts and perceived benefits in using climate forecasts in on-farm decision-making were found across stakeholder groups. No significant differences in self-evaluation rating gains were found between farmers, extension officers and millers, suggesting extension officers are less than optimally informed and skilled to support farmers in understanding and applying SCF.Practical Implications: Developing the capacity of extension officers to understand and interpret SCF may increase adoption of improved climate risk management in farmer networks.Theoretical implications: Collaborative learning activities in the agriculture sector, designed using experiential learning principles and evaluated using a logical framework, provide a robust model for improving the capacity of farmers to manage climate risk.Originality/Value: This paper contributes an example of evaluation of collaborative learning in facilitated agriculture climate risk workshops and discusses the value of learning through small group discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Axial-dispersion and plug-flow models have been used to describe the solvent extraction performance of a 18 m high and 4 m diameter industrial pulsed disc-and-doughnut column. Uranium extraction phase-equilibrium data were fitted with the Langmuir model. Using the industrial column dimensions, operational parameters, physical properties, and the Langmuir parameters, the axial-dispersion model was shown to predict the organic-phase outlet concentration and the aqueous-phase outlet concentration, respectively, while the plug-flow model exhibited a poorer predictive ability., [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Phenol is a good model compound to study extraction of alkaloids as its acidity constant is close to that of many alkaloids, for example, morphine. In addition, extraction of phenol is important environmentally as it is a water pollutant. In this study the distribution ratio of neutral phenol and total phenol between water and toluene with varying pH and varying concentration of sodium hydroxide is determined and discussed. The phase equilibrium is modelled by the symmetric electrolyte nonrandom two-liquid model and the calculated values agree well with the experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Female lacrosse has grown 219% in the last decade. This descriptive study explored the epidemiology of elite female high school lacrosse injuries and compared them with those in the collegiate player. Five hundred surveys were completed at tournaments in the northeast United States. Over 60% played other sports; 50% experienced a new injury while playing lacrosse, and 16% had a recurrent injury from another sport. The ankle, knee, and head were most commonly injured. Eleven percent of respondents sustained a concussion; 35% of these experienced some loss of consciousness. Eighty-four percent of injuries occurred via contact. Forty-two percent (42%) of athletes lost 10 or more days of playing time. Frequency data showed that reported injuries are high for elite lacrosse, which is classified as a noncontact sport, and are comparable with those seen in the collegiate player. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Lithics from the Longhorn site (41KT53) represented the majority of artifacts recovered from a seventeenth century Native American encampment in western Texas. Both tools and debitage were reanalyzed utilizing macroanalysis to identify stages of their life histories. ArcGIS maps then allowed for the examination of these lithics' spatial relations across the site. This patterning was evident in clusters of artifact types representing various stages of flintknapping processes. Both cultural and noncultural processes also were examined to determine their role in the creation, distribution, and disturbance of the site's lithics and related features. Results focused on the roles of these processes concerning activities performed during the site's occupation. Aspects of trade and mobility were inferred based on the site's lithic content and position on the landscape, providing a broader representation of late Holocene hunter-gatherer life along the eastern edge of the southern High Plains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1999, a community college in Florida initiated a study abroad program that included a transcultural nursing Web-based course and a 2-week clinical component in Ecuador. The investigator collected data from 36 participants using Zorn's International Education Survey to measure 4 dimensions of impact of the international experience. Results revealed that impact on the professional role dimension was most significant, followed by the international perspective dimension, the personal development dimension, and the intellectual development dimension. Conclusions were that nursing international experiences do influence nurses' future professional and personal development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the effects of lexical stress pattern on speech production by aphasic subjects. The subjects are more accurate at producing words with first syllable stress than those with stress on the second syllable in both word and non-word repetition and picture naming. The subjects' accuracy in repetition is unaffected by the stress pattern of a preceding word in a phrase, but strongly affected by the phrase's syllable length. With three-syllable words, subjects are most accurate in both repetition and naming with words whose primary stress falls on either the first or the third syllable. Explanations of these results in terms of the vulnerability of initial unstressed syllables, or simple frequency-dependent stress assignment strategies, are rejected. Instead it is argued that an utterance's segmental and metrical structure are computed in parallel, but the computation requires resources that are limited in subjects who make phonological errors in speech production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on `Neville of Hornby Hours,' a book about the design of literate devotion in the later middle ages. Description of the book; Patron of the book; The book as a near-encyclopedia of devotional iconography; Texts; Artistry.

Families of children with special health care needs face challenges in securing comprehensive health, educational, and social services. As a result, care may be fragmented, duplicative, confusing, and unnecessarily costly. Case management or care coordination is a method of overcoming some of the obstacles experienced by these children and their families. This article describes the Automated Case Management System/Community Based Care Coordination Project for California Children Services Children and Their Families in Los Angeles County (grant number MCJ 065020), a grant project funded by the Maternal Child Health Bureau from October 1987 to December 1990 in which family-centered, community-based care coordination services were provided to a select group of clients and the effectiveness of the interventions was evaluated. Care coordination was readily accepted by families and resulted in increased services, but the evaluation proved to be challenging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parent support groups are often a routine part of the services provided to families who have children with special health care needs. Often times, however, the groups are poorly attended, despite expressions of interest from parents. A survey of 45 families was conducted to examine who participates, why, and what factors encourage attendance. This article describes the survey responses and offers suggestions regarding utilization of the results for those planning parent support groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children severely affected by cerebral palsy representa major challenge for their parents These parents have special educational and emotional support needs At Orthopaedic Hospital, this challenge has been met through the use of a prior parent group project A group of Hispanic parents of children with severe cerebral palsy was formed to educate about the childrens medical condition and to provide a forum for mutuai support among parents with similar challenges Language and cultural considerations were an integral part of the intervention A secondary gain that resuhed from this intervention was the improved use of the health care professional s time As a result of the group experience, parents became better health care managers for their children as measured by the childs weight, hospital usage, utilization of the educational system, and selfratings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses how artist Frank Lloyd Wright described the Imperial Hotel in Tokyo, Japan in the 19th century. Background on the encouragement of the former emperor Meiji with ties to Europeans and Americans; Operations of the hotel during the changes in tourism flow; Expansion of the hotel to address the needs of the tourism business.

Research on clinical supervision in Human Communication Disorders has grown in both quantity and complexity. A review of 321 American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) national convention presentations and 64 refereed journal articles between 1972 and 1987, as well as 24 dissertations, reveals specific patterns and challenges in supervision research. Patterns are noted in: (a) the quantity of research, (b) types of presentations and research, (c) authorship, and (d) topic areas. Challenges identified are a need to: (a) focus on questions of supervisory effectiveness, (b) expand the core of supervision researchers, and (c) disseminate clinical supervision research more widely. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Discusses the allusion related with Greek seafarer in E.M. Forster's book 'Howards End.' Speculations on the lesson learned from whale's fountain in Herman Melville's Moby-Dick; Character of Wilcox and sense of proportion that she obtained; Significance of chapter of Moby-Dick in developing nature of Wilcox and Margaret Schlegel.