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This paper investigates the low-energy electrons emitted from metal cracks. A mathematical model of low-energy electron emission from metals was established. A low-energy electron sensor system with a double grid air counter core was designed to measure the number of electrons emitted. The experiment was performed on 2024 Al. The results show that the detection system is effective for testing the number of low-energy electrons. When a crack expands due to applied force, the number of electrons detected increases with force, which shows that the double grid air counter sensor system can judge the development of cracks by measuring the number of low-energy electrons. The number of electrons detected increases with temperature, which verifies that the temperature influences low-energy electron emission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ZK60 alloy strip with 3·5 mm thickness which produced by Twin Roll Casting (TRC) was used in this paper. The effect of hot rolling and sequential annealing on microstructure and damping capacity of the ZK60 alloy was studied by using optical microscope (OM) and dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). The dendrite structure was present in TRC ZK60 alloy strip before and after annealing heat treatment. The small and equiaxed recrystallised grains were obtained after annealing at 350°C for 103 s in hot rolled ZK60 alloy sheet. The hot rolling and the sequential annealing improved the room temperature mechanical properties and damping capacity of TRC ZK60 alloy. The tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of as-annealed TRC ZK60 alloy strip and hot rolled ZK60 alloy sheet were 207, 184 MPa, 2·6% and 418, 349 MPa, 18·6%, respectively. The room temperature damping value (Q− 1) of ZK60 strip and ZK60 alloy sheet after annealing heat treatment was 0·0085 and 0·0119, respectively. The damping peaks were present in ZK60 strip and ZK60 alloy sheet after annealing heat treatment. The activation energy of the ZK60 strip and ZK60 alloy sheet were 110·63 and 90·18 KJ mol− 1. The value of activation energy of ZK60 alloy sheet was very close to the boundary activation energy of pure magnesium (92 KJ mol− 1). The damping peak of ZK60 alloy sheet after annealing treatment was the grain boundary peak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The purpose of this study was to observe the efficacy and toxicity of etoposide at two dose levels for peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) mobilization and disease debulking in patients with malignancy. Simultaneously, factors affecting the yield of CD34+ cells were explored. Methods Thirty-eight patients received etoposide 1.0 g/m2 (group A) or 1.5 g/m2 (group B) followed by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) 300 µg/day for PBSC mobilization in a non-randomized manner. Each group had 19 patients. Results The median number of CD34+ cells collected was 17.33×106/kg (range 4.85-89.00×106/kg) in group A and 26.54×106/kg (range 1.85-108.00×106/kg) in group B. Altogether, 34/38 (89.5%) patients obtained the target total collection of at least 4×106 CD34+ cells/kg by a single leukapheresis. Vomiting was the most common grade 3/4 non-hematologic toxicity. For 19 evaluable patients, partial response was achieved in four (21.1%), stable disease in 11 (57.8%) and progressive disease in four (21.1%) patients. All parameters between the two groups did not reach a significant level. With multivariate analysis, the most predictive factor for CD34+ yield of the first leukapheresis was the percentage of CD34+ CD38- cells in peripheral blood. Conclusion These results indicate that etoposide combined with G-CSF is an effective and tolerable regimen for PBSC mobilization, given at a dose of either 1.0 g/m2 or 1.5 g/m2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines the humoral responses elicited in mice by inoculations with plasmid DNA containing the gene coding for the circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium falciparum. Intramuscular inoculations; Intravenous and subcutaneous injections of the DNA; Tires of antimalarial antibodies in mice.