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This article explores the effects of two temperatures on the combined problem of wave propagation and thermomechanical loading in a homogeneous isotropic plate. The governing equations are converted to non-dimensional form, and the potential functions are introduced to simplify the problem. The plate's surfaces are assumed to be traction-free, rigidly fixed, thermally insulated and isothermal to study the wave propagation phenomenon. Secular equations in closed form and isolated mathematical conditions for symmetric and skew-symmetric wave mode propagation are derived. The phase velocity and attenuation coefficient are examined for the first problem. The results for uncoupled, coupled, Lord-Shulman (LS) and Green-Lindsay (GL) theories of thermoelasticity have been attained as special cases and agree with that in literature for one temperature theory. In the second part, thermo-mechanical loading has been considered to obtain the expressions of stress and displacement components, conductive and thermodynamic temperatures. The obtained analytical results are computed numerically as well as displayed graphically for copper material to demonstrate the impacts of two temperature theory and compared theoretically as well as numerically with one temperature Lord and Shulman theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In search of selective carbonic anhydrase (CA) IX inhibitors endowed with apoptotic inducing properties, we designed and synthesised two subsets of 4- and 3-(5-aryl-(4-phenylsulphonyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)benzene-sulphonamides. All compounds were assayed for human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) isoforms I, II, IV, and IX inhibition. Isoforms hCA I and hCA IV were weakly inhibited by most of the synthesised compounds. Many four-substituted benzenesulphonamides displayed low nanomolar inhibition against isoform hCA II, unlike the three-substituted analogues. All target compounds exhibited good inhibition profile with KI values ranging from 16.4 to 66.0 nM against tumour-associated isoform hCA IX. Some selective and potent inhibitors of hCA IX were assayed for in vitro apoptotic induction in goat testicular cells. Compounds 10d and 10h showed interesting apoptotic induction potential. The present study may provide insights into a strategy for the design of novel anticancer agents based on hCA inhibitors endowed with apoptotic interference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A one pot synthesis of β-ketonitriles from readily accessible 3-chloropropenals using economically benign iodine, aqueous ammonia and sodium hydroxide solution, employing mild reaction conditions have been described. This report presents a convenient, inexpensive, highly toxic-matter-free and eco-friendly approach for β-ketonitriles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, Cu-Ag core-shell nanoparticles were synthesized via a chemical reduction method. Subsequently, Cu-Ag core-shell nanoparticles were dispersed into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and films were grown by solution casting technique. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) was utilized to confirm the synthesis of Cu-Ag core-shell nanoparticles. Optical properties of fabricated films were investigated using UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy. Analysis of absorption data indicated that the band gap of PVA decreases with increasing Cu-Ag core-shell nanoparticles concentration while urbach's energy increases. The possible reasons for the observed changes in optical parameters of PVA with the incorporation of Cu-Ag core-shell nanoparticles have been discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A library of benzenesulphonamides incorporating 1,2,3-triazole rings functionalised with ester, carboxylic acid, carboxamide, carboxyhydrazide, and hydroxymethyl moieties were synthesised. The carbonic anhydrase (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitory activity of the new compounds was assessed against four human (h) isoforms, hCA I, hCA II, hCA IV, and hCA IX. Among them, hCA II and IV are anti-glaucoma drug targets, being involved in aqueous humour secretion within the eye. hCA I was inhibited with Ki’s ranging between 8.3 nM and 0.8737 µM. hCA II, the physiologically dominant cytosolic isoform, was excellently inhibited by these compounds, with Ki’s in the range of 1.6–9.4 nM, whereas hCA IV was effectively inhibited by most of them, with Ki’s in the range of 1.4–55.3 nM. Thirteen of the twenty sulphonamides were found to be excellent inhibitors of tumour associated hCA IX with Ki’s ≤ 9.5 nM. Many of the new compounds reported here showed low nM inhibitory action against hCA II, IV, and IX, isoforms involved in glaucoma and some tumours, making them interesting candidates for further medicinal chemistry/pharmacologic studies. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Some of the environmental toxicants acting as endocrine disruptors have been associated with health hazards in human and wildlife by modulating hormonal actions. Atrazine, a strong endocrine disruptor, induces detrimental effects on gonads in male and female, and causes impairment of fertility and developmental problems as well as sex alterations. Atrazine decreases the activities of antioxidant enzymes and thus responsible for oxidative stress. Natural antioxidants have shown ability to reduce/slow down the apoptotic effect of atrazine on testicular tissue. In the present study, someN-phenyl-4-aryl-polyhydroquinolines bearing phenolic or/and alkoxy group(s) (6a–6g) were synthesized and evaluated for antioxidant activity in four different assays. Three best compounds (6e–6g) were studied for their ameliorative effect on testicular tissue supplemented with atrazinein vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synthesis of total eighteen 2-amino-substituted 4-coumarinylthiazoles including sixteen new compounds ( 3a- o and 5b) bearing the benzenesulfonamide moiety is described in the present report. All the synthesized target compounds were examined for their in vivo anti-inflammatory (AI) activity and in vitro antimicrobial activity. Results revealed that six compounds ( 3d, 3f, 3g, 3h, 3j and 3n) exhibited pronounced anti-inflammatory activity comparable to the standard drug indomethacin. AI results were further confirmed by the docking studies of the most active ( 3n) and the least active compound ( 3a) with COX-1 and COX-2 active sites. In addition, most of the compounds exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria as well as fungal yeast, S. cervisiae. Comparison between 3 and 5 indicated that incorporation of additional substituted pyrazole nucleus into the scaffold significantly enhanced AI activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]