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Coastal zones are important components of marine ecosystems that link upland and marine areas, and are often maintained by landslides, though these habitat forming processes are poorly understood. They are also often sites of commercial development, including mining, and restoration. In this ecosystem restoration project, we rapidly removed a large volume of shoreline armoring from the perimeter of an intertidal earthen filled mine structure. The remaining feature mimicked the toe of a large land slide characteristic of the region. Physical and ecological monitoring allowed us to understand how coastal ecosystems respond to large scale coastal sediment processes, including landslide function that forms them, and restoration actions to restore them. As a course of restoration, over 22,936 m3 of non-native armor totaling 0.47 hectares was rapidly removed from the perimeter of a 2.8 hectare earthen pier. Three years after removal, the feature is less than half its original configuration (area). Beach composition and ecological community of the restoration area responded positively relative to pre-project conditions and to the control site. Applying these results to historic deep seated landslides that define coastal zones of the region, we conclude that nearshore ecosystems are resilient and respond similarly to episodic natural and restored large-scale hydrodynamic processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dating violence has been linked to past experiences of childhood emotional abuse; however, little research has explored how stress reactivity functions within interpersonal relationships to amplify or attenuate these associations. The present study investigated the moderating effects of cortisol stress reactivity on associations between retrospective self-reported childhood emotional abuse and later self-reported interpersonal violence in young adult dating relationships. The current sample consisted of 57 young adult heterosexual dating partners (46 females, 11 males) between the ages of 18 and 24. Salivary cortisol samples were collected before and after a stress task to measure stress reactivity. Moderation analyses were conducted through the PROCESS macro in SPSS version 22. The relation between childhood emotional abuse and dating violence varied depending on cortisol reactivity, such that the association between childhood emotional abuse and young adult dating violence was stronger for those who demonstrated low levels of cortisol reactivity. The association between childhood emotional abuse and dating violence was not significant for those who demonstrated high cortisol reactivity. Findings underscore the importance of studying physiological mechanisms that may confer risk in the relationship between child emotional abuse and later interpersonal consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study used a diverse community sample to test a moderated mediation model, investigating maternal depressive symptoms as a mediator of the relations between maternal emotional maltreatment and child behavior problems; we further tested the moderating effects of observed maternal hostility on these relations. Participants included 64 mother–child dyads (8–11 years old; 59.4% female), in which mothers completed self- and child-report measures and dyads completed a conflict resolution task. Results of a moderated mediation analysis (PROCESS; Hayes, 2013) indicated that the maternal history of emotional maltreatment was associated with increased maternal depressive symptoms, and subsequently with higher child externalizing problems. In addition, these relations were strongest at high levels of observed maternal hostility in the conflict task. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This study examined the mediating role of emotion dysregulation in the relation between retrospective reports of childhood emotional maltreatment and current satisfaction in a romantic relationship. Participants included 492 (135 male, 357 female) young adults in current romantic relationships. Results indicated that total emotion regulation difficulties mediated the relation between childhood emotional maltreatment and romantic relationship satisfaction. Multiple mediator analyses indicated that nonacceptance of emotional responses, impulse control difficulties, and lack of emotional clarity uniquely mediated this relation when controlling for other emotion regulation difficulties. These findings contribute to increasing research examining the interpersonal relationships among maltreated individuals, and guide future research by elucidating the factors that increase the risk for future maladaptation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotional maltreatment is associated with detrimental outcomes in youth, yet research investigating its phenomenology, prevalence, and detection has lagged behind that investigating other forms of maltreatment. Researchers, practitioners, and policymakers are challenged by how best to address and identify emotional maltreatment in childhood, given that the indicators are often less overt than those seen with sexual or physical abuse. These challenges are also relevant for professionals legally mandated to report incidences of child maltreatment. The goals of this article are threefold: (a) to present a brief review of empirical research on the occurrence and sequelae of child emotional maltreatment, (b) to describe the current legal and ethical implications regarding emotional maltreatment for clinicians and other professionals identified as mandated reporters, and (c) to enumerate the challenges that such professionals face due to ambiguities in legal and ethical guidelines, using previous research on mandated reporting of physical and sexual abuse as our guide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generational boundary dissolution is a form of parent-child relationship disturbance in which the typical parent and child roles become distorted or even reversed. While recognized as a pathological family process among clinicians, generational boundary dissolution has also become the subject of empirical study. The current paper presents the theoretical background supporting the construct of boundary dissolution, with particular emphasis on family systems theory and developmental psychopathology. We also review the empirical studies of the occurrence and developmental outcomes of boundary dissolution that have been conducted within the Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, extending from early childhood through adolescence and into adulthood, with data related to multiple realms of social and emotional development, including questions of intergenerational continuity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]