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The Sport for Development and Peace (SDP) sector employs sport to stimulate social and personal development beyond sports. However, limited attention has been given to environmental sustainability and SDP's role within the Anthropocene. This study examines how SDP stakeholders interpret macro policies and navigate climate action challenges. The concept of glocalization helps reveal the complexities of addressing climate change at a local level. Semi-structured interviews (N = 4) were conducted with SDP practitioners from NGOs in Brazil and the UK. Findings reveal two key themes: the barriers and opportunities presented by the SDGs and the role of personal experiences in making environmental engagement relevant. The findings shed new light on the diverse motivations that drive SDP NGOs in addressing environmental concerns, as well as the challenges they encounter in contributing to environmental sustainability. This study emphasizes the need for SDP-specific environmental policies, practices, and glocalized responses to the Anthropocene on various levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document "Emotions and leisure: new insights and perspectives" examines the social nature of emotions in leisure and emphasizes the need for critical research on emotions in contemporary leisure contexts. The authors argue that previous studies on emotions in leisure have been limited by a focus on psychology and quantitative methods, and they advocate for a sociological understanding of emotions as embodied, relational, and culturally specific. The document discusses the work of various scholars who have theorized emotions from a sociological perspective and highlights the importance of broader perspectives and theories in leisure research. The document also presents a collection of 12 original contributions that explore the intersection of emotions and leisure from different disciplinary and methodological perspectives, covering topics such as identity, nature, disability, migration, representations, and the politics of emotions. The collection underscores the significance of emotions in understanding leisure experiences and their impact on individuals and society, while also calling for further interdisciplinary research on the psychological, cultural, anthropological, and educational aspects of emotions in leisure. The authors encourage deeper investigations into topics such as digital technologies, online hate, right-wing nationalist movements, and LGBTQ+ inclusion in physical activities. [Extracted from the article]

We report on outcomes of 111 patients with treatment naïve Waldenström macroglobulinemia (TN WM) treated with frontline bendamustine–rituximab (BR) (n = 57) or rituximab–cyclophosphamide–vincristine–prednisone (RCVP) (n = 54). Median follow-up was 60.7 months (range 1.9–231.6). Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 60.5 months (95% CI 47.6–73.4) for BR and 79.0 months (95% CI 31.3–126.8) for RCVP (p =.96). Median overall survival (OS) was not reached for BR and 153.4 months (95% CI 114.5–192.4) for RCVP (p =.37). While overall and major response rates did not differ between treatment groups, BR had numerically higher rate of very good partial response or better response (51% vs. 37%, p =.30) and complete response (26% vs. 13%, p =.13). RCVP confers comparable outcomes to BR in a real-world population of TN WM patients and remains an effective regimen, particularly when tolerance or frailty is an issue, or in resource-limited settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social & Cultural Geography is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a biologically and clinically heterogeneous disease, emphasizing the need for prognostic biomarkers. In this study we aimed at comparing the prognostic value of two RNA-based risk scores, circSCORE and MCL35, in 149 patients from the MCL2 (ISRCTN87866680) and MCL3 (NCT00514475) patient cohorts. Both risk scores provided significant stratification of high versus low risk for progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The circSCORE retained significant prognostic value in adjusted multivariable Cox regressions for PFS, but not for OS. Furthermore, circSCORE added significant prognostic value to MIPI in the pooled cohort (MCL2 and MCL3) for PFS and OS, and for PFS in MCL3 alone, outperforming Ki67 and MCL35. We suggest a new, combined MIPI-circSCORE with improved prognostic value, and with potential for future clinical implementation, if validated in a larger, independent cohort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ibrutinib has dramatically changed the treatment landscape for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) since its availability in British Columbia (BC), Canada in 2014. We analyzed patterns of use and real-world survival outcomes in 370 patients who received ibrutinib for first-line (1 L, n = 35) and relapsed/refractory (R/R, n = 335) CLL between 2014–2018 in BC. Dose reductions and interruptions were frequent in 32% and 27%, respectively. With a median follow-up of 27.6 months, 35% of patients discontinued ibrutinib, primarily for adverse events (AEs) rather than progressive disease. Over the course of treatment, 87% of patients experienced at least one adverse event. The 2-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) were excellent at 83.9% and 76.1%, respectively, with medians not reached. However, patients who discontinued ibrutinib had a median OS of 32.5 months and median EFS of only 3.8 months from time of discontinuation, highlighting the need to minimize toxicity in the real-world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses different approaches to the problems of restoration of marble sculpture in terms of the philosophical justifications taken towards the artworks. One of the aims of the paper is to contrast the approach taken towards the subject of restoration by Western philosophers and to compare that with the field of conservation. A few brief paragraphs frame the discussion of restoration. The nature of the fragment in its historical and aesthetic duality is then discussed, taking a brief incursion into the topic of supervenience. Michelangelo's Pietà and its restoration, following from extensive damage caused in 1974 by a museum visitor, results in a series of disputations between writers who favour a purist restoration and those who prefer an aesthetic reintegration of the work. The work of several philosophers who have written about sculpture and restoration is reviewed. The Pietà case study is contrasted with the restoration of the Lansdowne Heracles in the Getty Museum. It is essential to also consider here marble sculpture in terms of works that have been re-restored, de-restored, and deceptively partially restored, taking as a seminal example of the latter, the Adam by Lombardo in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. The conclusion attempts to bring together some of the issues raised in the paper, including a discussion of the extent to which information is displayed in the museum for the benefit of the observer, and the importance of the role of the conservator in all aspects of the de-restoration and re-restoration of marble sculpture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In that study, patients who started treatment more than 8 weeks after diagnosis were older and had other identifiable reasons for treatment delays (ex. comorbidities) that may have contributed to the association between treatment delay and OS. "Refusers" were further refined to patients who had at least a 16-week interval between pathologic diagnosis and treatment, and after chart review had declined to undergo the recommended treatment. With extended follow up, 13% of patients in the refuser cohort (2 of 15 refusers) died from cHL specifically, compared to 4% of patients in the control cohort (2 of 47 controls) though this did not reach statistical significance ( I p i = 0.185, Figure 1(c)). Fortunately, treatment refusal is uncommon, as only 17 (0.6%) patients out of a total of 2640 diagnosed with cHL over 20 years had documented initial treatment refusal. [Extracted from the article]

An introduction is presented in which the author discusses various reports within the journal on topics including the ethical aspects of art conservation, art forgeries, and controversies involving the cleaning of works of art.

There are mixed results regarding the performance effects of negative self-talk. An interesting consideration is that negative self-talk may not have to be replaced to improve performance. The purpose of the present study was to determine if negative self-talk can improve performance when interpreted as a challenge. Participants (N = 93) completed a baseline VO2max test and were randomized into self-talk groups (i.e., motivational, negative, neutral, and challenging) after matching based on their predicted VO2max and sex. During a subsequent session, participants completed a thirty-minute self-talk condition followed by twenty-minutes of "do your best" cycling. The results revealed a significant group by time interaction effect, where the challenging self-talk group significantly outperformed the negative self-talk group during the final five minutes of the task. Overall, these results provide initial support for implementing challenging self-talk and suggest that time within an endurance task moderates the self-talk-performance relationship. Lay Summary: Participants in the study used self-talk that was either motivational, neutral, negative, or negative with a challenging statement during a 20 minute cycling task. The results showed that participants who used negative self-talk, such as "My legs are tired" did much worse in the final five minutes of the task than those who added a challenging statement to their negative self-talk, such as "My legs are tired, but I can push through it". Rather than working to replace negative self-talk, practitioners can have athletes acknowledge it and add a challenge statement to enhance endurance performance. Time within an endurance task and level of fatigue are important to consider when implementing self-talk interventions. Self-talk interventions may be most effective when they include a cognitive skill applicable to organic negative ST. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the level of formality in presidential debates. Using content analytic techniques, this study documents trends in address terms (ranging from the use of honorific titles to interpersonal insults) in presidential debates from 1948 to 2020. An availability sample of 241 debates (94% of all presidential primary and general election debates), including 21,857 coding units, reveal an overall decline in formal communication via the use of appropriate honorific titles and subsequent growth in informal and disrespectful references. Incivility spiral theory offers an interpretative framework that links the increase in informal patterns of communication to the growing level of incivility in debate discourse. Within this framework, it is speculated that a shift toward informality could be linked to a larger incivility spiral that will continue into the future. Beyond the link to incivility, it is also argued the shift toward informality may have a range of unique negative consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We use meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) to examine how organizational planning leads to managerial performance. Specifically, we test a theoretically-driven model of how participative budgeting and strategic performance measurement systems can positively impact managerial job performance through role clarity. Our analyses of 60 studies (containing 99 effect sizes) from multidisciplinary literature indicate role clarity mediates the relationship between planning implementation processes and managerial job performance. Additionally, and contrary to previous research, path analysis suggests job-relevant information mediates the relationship between role clarity and managerial job performance. We explain how participation in planning may prompt managers who are clear about their roles to seek additional information in order to perform well. Finally, we identify a need in future research for a greater diversity of the operationalizations of the constructs, levels of analysis, and data collection methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to privilege the views of both pupils and staff in one school's adoption of the Daily Mile Challenge (DMC). Listening seriously to the views of pupils, who are often the unheard subjects in whole school exercise interventions, the aim was to understand the meanings derived from the requirement to practice the DMC. Data are drawn from non-participant observations, 4 individual teacher interviews and 4 pupil focus groups with a total of 12 students. In order to understand the function of the DMC to its participants, a socio-cultural position was adopted using Dewey's ends-in-view to analyse the data. This process revealed that complete adaptation of the DMC in name and form created an indeterminate space both for the teachers and pupils; an in-between space of not-classroom, not-break-time, not-running and not-a-mile. This allowed the DMC to be completed when teachers could fit it into their teaching, which was not on a daily or a regular basis. This in-between negotiated space formed the overarching landscape of the DMC. For the teachers, promoting purpose through moving in an orderly fashion was characterised by looking-like the DMC. Within this end-in-view, the pupils had to find an acceptable way to take a moving break. Rather than address unfounded concerns about fitness and risks of obesity, the adoption of the DMC in this school has inadvertently highlighted an important need; for pupils to have an outside break from pressurised classroom performances and to have more opportunities for quality social interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is divided into five parts. Parts I and II place the discussion in the context of anthropological spaces and more specifically sports spaces, including discussion of the extent to which these may be gendered. Part III focuses on the question of the nature of masculinity, while Part IV investigates the status of boxing as expression of masculine identity. Part V looks further into boxing and the spaces of boxing as an expression of modern masculinity, with part VI considering women's recent appropriation of pugilism. The paper finishes with a brief reflection leading to the conclusion that although the boxing gym remains a masculine space it is no longer an exclusively male preserve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Up-regulation of BCL2 in cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) can confer treatment resistance. Quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF) histology allows objective quantification of protein-based biomarkers. We investigated the utility of QIF for evaluating BCL2 as a biomarker in DLBCL by quantifying BCL2 selectively in CD20-expressing lymphoma cells in biopsy samples from 116 cases of DLBCL in two cohorts one of which consisted of relapsed/refractory cases from a clinical trial. BCL2 protein by QIF correlated with BCL2 mRNA abundance and was associated with both translocation and copy number gain of the BCL2 gene. Elevated BCL2 protein expression by QIF, but not immunohistochemistry or mRNA quantification, was associated with inferior overall and relapse-free survival in the relapsed/refractory cohort. QIF is an effective means of quantifying BCL2 protein objectively in routine cancer biopsy specimens and shows promise for identifying relapsed/refractory DLBCL patients at risk of inferior outcomes after salvage therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The focus of this study was to understand undergraduate students' experiences of gymnastics and dance education within the scrutiny of modular learning in Higher Education. A phenomenological position was adopted in order to understand the wholeness of students' experiences whereby identities are constituted through their lived lives. This allowed us to understand the students' identities as relational to the learning and assessment context and their lives within and beyond the university. Open-ended interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of students who consented to share their experiences. Data were analysed using Merleau-Ponty's theorising of identity as an embodied cohesion or habit between pre-personal and personal existence. This is revealed through opaqueness and transparencies of consciousness which in this study were revealed through the seven identities of the participants; Negotiating and surviving White space, Strategic masculine competitor, Seeking reassurance, Racially strategic to be unique, Seeking dependence to achieve, Strategically insular and Willing explorer. These identities help to shed light on the tensions Higher Education students may experience when confronted with new learning situations in which they are to be assessed. We concluded that getting to know students, and the opacities and transparencies of their identities, could be of great value in shaping their be-ing as students. In striving to understand the habitual behaviours of students, it is possible to understand how the subject-matter being taught might be received by students within the wider context of their be-ing-in-the-world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-ductile reinforced concrete frames have seismic vulnerabilities due to inadequate reinforcing details. Adequately characterizing the performance of these details is critical to the development of analytical models. This study presents a methodology to simulate the response of such frames with and without fiber-reinforced polymer column jackets. The bond-slip effects between reinforcing bars and surrounding concrete, observed in column lap-splice and beam–column joints, are modeled with one-dimensional slide line models in LS-DYNA. The model is defined from failure modes and bonding conditions observed in full-scale dynamic tests and can predict story displacements, inter-story drifts, and damage mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we analyzed the evolution of the prognosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) patients as they reach selected progression-free survival (PFS) milestones after high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX)-based therapy. In total, 258 and 146 patients were included from Denmark and British Columbia, respectively. All patients were diagnosed during 2000–2017. The 5-year PFS was 27% (95% CI 23; 32); however, for patients reaching 5 years of PFS, this increased to 71% (95% CI 57; 86). Within the first 5 years after diagnosis, patients lost 2.0 years (95% CI 1.8; 2.2) when compared to a similar background population. This reduced to 0.5 years (95% CI 0.2; 0.9) for patients reaching 5 years of PFS. Treatment with rituximab was associated with improved outcomes. The prognosis of patients with PCNSL treated with HD-MTX-based regimens in this cohort is poor, although it improves as patients survive without progression/relapse. However, survival does not conclusively normalize to that of a similar background population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the Indo-Pacific pivot currently being pursued by Taiwan. It moves from theory application to policy analysis. Theory is applied in the shape of classical and critical geopolitics, social constructivism theory, social identity theory, role theory, strategic narrative theory, and balance of threat theory. Disputed identity and perceptions run through such theory application. Policy analysis is applied to Taiwan's reaching out to South-east Asia, Australia and India via its New Southbound Policy, to Taiwan seeking entry to the Trans-Pacific Partnership, to Taiwan reactivating the Austronesian Forum, and to Taiwan embracing the Free and Open Indo-Pacific framework being pushed by Japan and the US. The People's Republic of China (PRC) emerges as the clear driver behind Taiwan's Indo-Pacific pivot. The article concludes by judging the effectiveness of Taiwan's pivot, against the shadow of increasing pressure from the PRC to curtail such regional space sought by Taiwan in the Indo-Pacific. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although attention to the business risks posed by natural disasters fueled by climate change has grown, the toll that disasters have on human resources in the form of traumatic stress is comparatively neglected. It is common for more than 20% of people exposed to natural disasters to develop traumatic stress disorders that can last for years. In the workplace, traumatic stress hurts attendance, the quantity and quality of output, and relationships. Fortunately, businesses can promote employee resilience and recovery. Given the Asia-Pacific region's high risk of natural disasters, businesses operating there should include employees' traumatic stress in their disaster preparedness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mallarmé's "Sonnet en –yx" offers a unique challenge to the translator. Developed through various versions between 1868 and 1887, it is built round an ultra-rich and ultra-rare rhyme-scheme, which remains largely unchanged over twenty years of gestation. The sonnet includes from the start one invented word, "ptyx", to complete the octave's quadruple rhyme scheme. Is it madness to try to reproduce this highly determined pattern in a different language? This paper responds to the question by exploring in the final version of the poem aspects of language that, counter to expectation, enable the creation of formal and semantic equivalence. The translator's strategy is thus to translate the same into the same as well as into the different, to mitigate nonsense through a certain correspondence. In this it follows Mallarmé's own strategy in transforming the first version of the sonnet into the second as a kind of the translatory process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses efforts to link concepts of organizational culture, traditionally viewed from a corporate perspective, to management of intercollegiate athletic organizations. Reviewing of relevant literature to indentify definitions and components of organizational culture and elements of cultural strength; Recognition of the relationship of culture to transformational leadership; Examination of a critical perspective regarding organizational culture.

Follicular lymphoma (FL) accounts for about 20% of all non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and is the most common indolent form. More importantly, the leading cause of death among patients with FL remains the disease itself, particularly among the 20% that will experience an early event or those whose disease will eventually transform [[2]], making these events the real unmet need in FL. With the addition of 224 cases of de novo HT (8%, excluded from predictive marker analysis), Madsen et al. [[13]] report here a total of 521 HT, representing the largest cohort of HT in the literature. While presenting a similar PFS, patients with a I de novo i HT had a significantly shorter OS than non-transformed patients (68 versus 82% at 5 years, even though non-re-biopsied but clinically transformed patients were, by definition, included in the latest group), highlighting slight distinctions from pre-R-era data [[4]]. [Extracted from the article]

From 2005-2010 the province of Alberta introduced a social studies program of study mandating that all K-12 teachers use the lens of First Nations, Metis, and Inuit perspectives to help students understand the past as well as key concepts and contemporary issues. This paper offers a systematic examination of a range of data sources, including government reports, surveys, and peer-reviewed journal articles, which have documented teachers’ responses to this curricular mandate. Our analysis revealed a typology of resistances towards this curricular directive that have remained constant over a nearly twenty-year period. Guided by insights from sociocultural theory and the work of Indigenous scholars (e.g.; Marker, 2011), we trace the origins and limitations of these resistances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined Chinese American women's leisure experience within the context of male- and African/White American-dominated pickup basketball. Participants, who were serious basketball players, encountered numerous constraints unique to their identities as Asian females, and these were inexorably linked to how pickup basketball is organized in the United States. While some informants stopped playing basketball because of constraints, others developed ingenious negotiation strategies to combat constraints and to maintain participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article considers how far the UK is returning to an ‘East of Suez’ role in the Indian Ocean. A threefold structure is taken based on past, current and future aspects of this role. The first section (‘past’) considers the Indian Ocean as a British Lake and the announced withdrawal from East of Suez that was announced in the early 1970s. The second section (‘present’) looks at the various bases, facilities and partnerships that the UK has around and across the Indian Ocean with Bahrain, Oman, Gulf of Aden, Somaliland, Diego Garcia (and the United States), India, Malaysia and Singapore (including the Five Power Defence Agreements), Australia and China. The third section (‘future’) considers likely post-BREXIT decisions facing the UK in the Indian Ocean with regard to its projected naval assets and political choices across the region. It finds there is some substance behind the rhetoric on a British return to the area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we apply Peter Berger's theory of religion as a social construct to learn how The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (the Mormon Church) advances a heteronormative view of family relationships in the United States using a document titled The Family: A Proclamation to the World. Furthermore, applying cultural studies theory, we examine how believing Mormons negotiate the tension that arises when their secular values compete with those expressed by Church leaders. We argue that, although the Proclamation addresses a number of issues, the Church offers a closed text that emphasizes war narratives in which same-sex marriage is portrayed as a threat to LDS identity and the heteronormative family. This closed text is further legitimized by emphasis on the authority of Church leaders as oracles of God. The study participants largely accept the dominant narrative, and those who reject it, do so with some trepidation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nine ancient Egyptian sarcophagi of the twenty-fifth to twenty-sixth dynasty, one Ptolemaic Hawk Mummy, and one Amarna fresco were examined in the collections of the San Diego Museum of Man. Binding media, pigments, wood identification, deterioration and alteration products were identified. The pigment palette represents the basic suite of ancient Egyptian pigments: charcoal black, red ochre, yellow ochre, Egyptian blue, green earth, calcite, and gypsum. In the case of the Hawk mummy, oxammite was identified as a degradation product, together with magnesium phosphate, the first identification of oxammite in ancient artefacts. In a child’s coffin, realgar and orpiment were additionally identified. The binding media for practically all of the coffins studied was confirmed as gum Arabic with only one example of gum tragacanth found from a wall plaque from Amarna. Wood identification showed that Ficus sycomorus had been used, rather than the assumed cedar of Lebanon for coffin manufacture. One unidentified species of shrubby wood was also found. Some of the coffins had been restored, with one having a completely repainted face, in rutile, and the child’s coffin has an attached foot-box with modern screws. Possible indications of ancient reuse were found during the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of recurring groups of adults involved in common leisure activity is scant. Adult play groups are important to participants, and studying them furthers our understanding of the community-building potential of leisure. In this paper, I seek to rediscover adult play group by outlining five themes. Borrowing from Huizinga, I begin by arguing that participation in leisure activities contributes to the emergence of play groups. I then argue that group members strive collectively to facilitate order by creating boundaries that set themselves apart from others. I then explain that play groups vary in the extent to which friendships are integral to their long-term functioning. Next, I describe how play groups influence participants’ frequency of involvement in leisure activities. Finally, I argue that play groups provide participants an important context for resisting dominant ideologies and discourses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses in detail the cases of two different sorts of reproductions: the first, that of the Wedding at Cana, by Veronese. The original work is displayed in the Louvre, while a highquality replica is displayed in its stead in Venice. The second example is Bicycle Wheel, by Duchamp, the original of which is destroyed. Subsequently, many versions and appropriations of Bicycle Wheel have been fabricated, whose status is examined in this paper. The aesthetic properties of originals and reproductions are investigated in these two examples, with reference to the problems of authenticity and intertextuality. An intertextual approach to their significance is discussed, based on a series of different scenarios, and personal perceptual knowledge, for the observers of each work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to supplement the literature on the role of school context with regards to the disempowerment of teachers in their work with poor ethnic minority students. We use a critical realist framework to analyse the empirical data collected for an in-depth school case study and we suggest the existence of real, interrelated, emergent and localised disempowering contextual factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A technical study was conducted on a group of copper alloy artifacts excavated from the burial tumulus of Lofkënd (fourteenth–ninth century BCE) to identify the alloy compositions and methods of manufacture. The surface corrosion was also examined in order to understand the diagenetic processes affecting the preservation of the finds and their condition. Portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, metallographic examination, and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis were used to characterize the alloy composition and identify the corrosion products present. XRD analysis showed the presence of brochantite (Cu4SO4(OH)6) on five of the metallic artifacts. Brochantite is not commonly reported on archaeological bronzes from terrestrial sites, but is more readily found on copper alloy objects exposed to sulfur pollutants in the air or soil. The possible conditions that could have led to the formation of this corrosion on the bronzes from Lofkënd are discussed in the context of the particular burial environment found at the tumulus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

University ranking is a popular yet controversial endeavor. Most rankings are based on both public data, such as student test scores and retention rates, and proprietary data, such as school reputation as perceived by high school counselors and academic peers. The weights applied to these characteristics to compute the rankings are often determined in a subjective fashion. Of significant importance in the academic field, the Carnegie Classification was developed by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. It has been updated approximately every 5 years since 1973, most recently in February 2016. Based on bivariate scores, Carnegie assigns one of three classes (R1/R2/R3) to doctorate-granting universities according to their level of research activity. The Carnegie methodology uses only publicly available data and determines weights via principal component analysis. In this article, we review Carnegie's stated goals and the extent to which their methodology achieves those goals. In particular, we examine Carnegie's separation of aggregate and per capita (per tenured/tenure-track faculty member) variables and its use of two separate principal component analyses on each; the resulting bivariate scores are very highly correlated. We propose and evaluate two alternatives and provide a graphical tool for evaluating and comparing the three scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the cultural significance of boxing in its relationship to concepts and practices of masculinity, recently much discussed, but here reviewed specifically in European and American literary texts from the end of the nineteenth to the end of the twentieth centuries. Focussing on key moments of change in boxing’s significance in relation to male vocation, the paper will in particular investigate the extent to which literary responses to the sport cast light on the crisis masculinity has undergone since the start of the twentieth century. Changing attitudes to boxing will thus be interpreted as symptoms of modification in the concept and practice of manliness, successively from boxing as rite of passage, as profession or occupation, as idea, as fantasy and finally as image or neurosis. This evolution will be traced successively in four early twentieth-century European literary writers: Maurice Maeterlinck (first decade), Arthur Cravan (second decade), Robert Musil (third decade), and Malcolm Lowry (fourth decade). Little studied to date in this context, these writers together provide evidence of symptoms that will subsequently be clarified by contemporary American authors, whether of fiction (Chuck Palahniuk) or of socio-psychological study (Gerald Early, Carlos Rotella). [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Objective: To demonstrate that real-time, telepharmacy-based asthma educational services are feasible and to support the efforts of local primary care prescribers to improve patient outcomes.Methods: The lead investigator (a pharmacist, physician assistant, and certified asthma educator) identified an independent community pharmacy with telehealth capabilities in a rural area with a high prevalence of asthma. Working with the pharmacy, an asthma education program was developed based on the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program guidelines. It consisted of three monthly education visits, with subsequent visits every three months for one year. The Asthma Control Test (ACT) was administered at baseline and at each visit to assess a patient's perception of asthma control.Results: Eighteen of 20 patients (90%) with reversible airway disease completed all six visits in this year-long study. For the 18 patients, the mean ACT scores of 18 at baseline (initiation of intervention) did not meet the threshold for “well-controlled” asthma. By the third educational visit (3 months), 16 patients met ACT criteria for well-controlled asthma (mean score = 20), and they maintained control for the remaining 9-month follow-up period (ACT ≥ 21). Local prescribers authorized medication changes recommended by the asthma educator 20 times and also requested six direct consults with the asthma educator over the study period.Conclusion: Using the local community pharmacy as a vehicle to deliver asthma education services by telepharmacy was utilized by local prescribers. The findings show this is an effective means to engage patients to gain and maintain asthma control. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The purpose of this research reflection is to describe a slice of serious leisure that we call hard-core leisure, which we define as a form of serious leisure that involves extraordinary commitment that is directed toward an "authentic" style of social world activity. Using examples from bird watching, Civil War reenacting, and climbing, we explain how hard-core participants separate themselves from other participants in terms of what they believe are superior styles of participation and unusual degrees of effort, perseverance, and conduct. Too often, serious participants in any given leisure activity are seen as homogeneous in their attitudes and behavior. The concept of hard-core leisure makes problematic this assumption by bringing to light an extreme form of leisure participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Leisure/Loisir: Journal of the Canadian Association for Leisure Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Research employing X-ray powder diffraction shows that clinoatacamite as the phase which should be predominant in the chloride-induced corrosion of ancient bronzes is not necessarily the dominant copper trihydroxychloride species at all, since mixtures are common, and other phases such as paratacamite or the dubious mineral phase anarakite have relevance to the corrosion products or patina of bronze antiquities. The potential reasons for this are discussed and related to the compositional parameters of ancient bronzes as well as the burial environment. Paratacamite is still identified, even in the absence of zinc, which is supposed to be the major stabilizing influence on the paratacamite lattice. X-ray power diffraction has been employed in the examination of a range of ancient bronzes from Chinese, Egyptian, Ecuadorian, Lydian, Albanian, Palestinian, and Greek contexts. This study has revealed that, far from being exotic novelties, the occurrence of both sampleite and connellite as important corrosion products of ancient bronzes has been underestimated in the published literature. Many occurrences of sampleite are related to the decomposition of contiguous human remains rather than to arid environmental factors which is the explanation for the occurrence in a geological environment, but in a burial environment other factors come into consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of bark-stripping by red deer on an 1825 ha plantation ofPicea sitchensisis reported. Monitoring began in 1978 with initially 6500 trees at 37 sites; by 2014, only 10 sites remained due to felling. Sites became vulnerable to bark-stripping once the trees reached 7 years’ age, and from then until felling at age c. 45 years, incidence rates averaged 1% of the trees damaged yearly. Intense damage at a site in a year (>2% trees damaged) was often followed by intense damage next year, but, on average, 53% of sites were undamaged in a year. Many trees suffered repeat wounding, which reduced final impact by c. 30% compared to the theoretical impact calculated from annual damage and damage duration. The trees bark-stripped were on average smaller than plot mean girths once these means exceeded 20 cm; this had only a minor effect on the final impact since bark-stripped small trees had similar mortality to undamaged small trees. Most wounds (>90%) were small (<180 cm2) and healed quickly, so were unlikely to develop decay. Larger wounds never healed in less than 8 years, but the proportion healed increased progressively from 10 to 20 years after wounding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Critical analyses of the writings of political philosopher R.A. Turner have gained renewed attention. Turner's advocacy of participatory democracy paralleled that of American sociologist C. Wright Mills, whose own theories have experienced a revival among academics and activists as an alternative to the rise of neoliberal economic policies. Despite the international isolation of apartheid-era South Africa, it experienced social changes in the 1960s and 1970s paralleling those in North America and Western Europe. Mills' call for scholars and activists to forge a New Left rooted in sociological imagination was realised in the American civil rights and anti-war movements of the 1960s. Similarly, Rick Turner's own philosophy of radical politics, elucidated inThe Eye of the Needle, found shape within the anti-apartheid resistance in 1970s South Africa. Turner went further than Mills in his practice of public sociology, fusing theory and praxis through his participation in the anti-apartheid struggle. Since Turner's death, the promise of participatory democracy appears to have foundered upon the shoals of neoliberalism and the global ‘race to the bottom’. The challenge for scholars and organisers will be how to best forge a renewed programme of popular conscientisation and community self-management which can realise Turner's vision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we examine the influence of the Solicitor General (SG) asamicus curiaeon Supreme Court decision making. We use the Supreme Court Database (SCDB) as well as original data on participation by the SG and otheramici. Our data span the first ten terms of the Roberts Court: 2005 to 2014, inclusive. Our analysis employs logistic regression where the dependent variable is the ideological direction of the vote cast by each justice in each case (the “DIR” variable in the SCDB). To isolate the impact of the SG asamicus, we control for judicial ideology, the direction of the lower court decision under review, the participation of otheramici, and whether the federal government is a party to the case. Our analysis shows that the influence of the Solicitor General as anamicusarguing for a liberal outcome exceeds that of the other variables in the model. The marginal effect of the Solicitor General as anamicusarguing for a conservative outcome is somewhat less, but still exceeds all other variables in the model except for the direction of the lower court decision. We also find that the SG's influence asamicusvaries across the justices according to their ideological orientations. Liberal and moderate justices appear to be more influenced by the SG'samicusfilings than do their more conservative colleagues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scott DC, Harris SL, Hebert AS, van Poorten BT. 2017. Nutrient dynamics in a highly managed reservoir system: considering anadromous sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) and nutrient restoration. Lake Reserve Manage. 33:14–22. Modeling nutrient flux in Alouette Reservoir, British Columbia, allowed us to (1) determine the relative importance of key factors that influence its nutrient dynamics and (2) evaluate the potential value of returning anadromous salmon to this highly altered reservoir. Annual surface water releases over the dam spillway have facilitated out-migration of juvenile sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) produced by resident kokanee parents since 2005, and these juveniles have returned as adult sockeye annually since 2007, thus restoring an anadromous run lost for nearly 90 years. This re-anadromization program may have an effect on the nutrient restoration program, which includes annual additions of nitrogen and phosphorus designed to enhance the recreational kokanee fishery within the reservoir. High flow release to facilitate juvenile out-migration resulted in a net export of nutrients because few adults returned, and a portion of nutrients added to the reservoir were flushed downstream. If only anadromous sockeye are considered, however, nutrient flux was positive in 5 of 6 years for nitrogen (average 2.30 kg; range −1.06 to 5.97), and in 4 of 6 years for phosphorus (average 0.24 kg; range −0.15 to 0.62). Overall, our results show the export of nutrients by the anadromy restoration project represents an average of just 1.54 and 0.60%, respectively, of the seasonal nitrogen and phosphorus budget for the system. Therefore, although the anadromy restoration results in a net loss of nutrients from the system, its effect on the nutrient restoration project is minimal. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Our interest in this research reflection is to introduce what we call extended leisure experiences—activities that leisure participants engage in following the completion of a primary leisure activity. Our approach is largely descriptive and exploratory as we outline some properties of the concept and then flesh them out using observations gleaned from participation in the social worlds of contract bridge and music scenes. An understanding of extended leisure experiences will broaden our appreciation of how different phases of leisure activity are connected with one another and provide insight into how participants create meaning from their involvement in different pastimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study used Pierre Bourdieu's theory of practice to understand African Americans' underrepresentation at Cedar Hill State Park (CHSP) in Texas. Archival methods, site visits, and face-to-face interviews were conducted with 13 local African Americans. Four salient themes related to African Americans' under-representation were identified: (1) racial conflict within the field, (2) CHSP as a racialized space, (3) African American leisure habitus, and (4) lack of relevant attractions. These themes were closely related and together showed that perceived racial discrimination was a common factor which explained nonvisitation at CHSP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pigments used by the ancient Egyptians constitute the most diverse pigment palette of the ancient world. This review discusses the pigments and binders which were used, arranged principally in terms of the colours themselves, namely, the white, green, grey, black, brown, blue, red, orange, and yellow pigments. The chemical identity of these pigments is discussed with some details regarding the artefacts or time periods from which the pigment concerned has been identified. Combinations of pigments were used for creating some colours, especially: greens, pinks, blues, yellows, and a variety of pale hues by mixing primary colours with a white addition, such as calcite. The identification of ancient Egyptian pigments is often aggravated by chemical interactions between pigment and binder media, or between the pigment and environmental pollutants, or both. The nature of the binders and varnishes used in ancient Egypt is briefly discussed. The identification of green pigments from ancient Egypt is often difficult, and some of the recent research concerning the topic is reviewed. In addition to including relevant details from older literature, this review provides a synopsis of recent studies which have appeared since the last major review carried out by Lee and Quirke in 2000. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is continued interest in the planning, development and implementation of services designed to identify detainees with mental illness and connect them to health and social services. However, currently, little is known about how best to configure, organise and deliver these services. The study employed a prospective follow-up design with a comparator group to describe and evaluate a police mental health liaison service based in Belfast. Participants were recruited from two neighbouring police stations, only one of which provided a mental health liaison service. Outcomes including mental health status, drug and alcohol misuse, risk-related behaviour and ‘administrative’ outcomes were assessed at the time of arrest and six months later. The service was successful in identifying and assessing detainees, though there appeared to be similar between-group levels of mental health problems over time. Results highlight a need to develop firmer linkages and pathways between criminal justice liaison/diversion services and routine health and social services. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]