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Xibe is the fifth largest minority population of Liaoning province. Predominately they live in Liaoning province (69.52%), followed by Xinjiang (18.06%), Heilongjiang (3.99%), Jilin (1.63%) and Inner Mongolia provinces (1.57%). To provide an updated and precise population database on an extended set of Y STRs not available before and explore the forensic characteristics of 26 Y chromosomal STRs. In this study, we genotyped 406 unrelated Xibe male individuals from Liaoning province using Goldeneye® 26Y System kit and calculated the forensic parameters of these 26 Y STRs loci. All haplotypes generated for 406 Xibe samples using Goldeneye® 26Y kit were unique with a discrimination capacity (DC) of 1. On restricting the haplotypes to the Y-filer® set of 17 Y-STRs, we observed 392 haplotypes. Among them 93.53% (380) were unique with a DC of 0.9655 and haplotype diversity (HD) of 0.9998, showing high discrimination power of the extended set of markers in this population. Allelic frequencies ranged from 0.0024 to 0.7684 across 26 Y STRs loci. DYS385 showed the highest gene diversity (0.9691) among all markers. According to pairwise RST genetic distances among Xibe populations from China, the Liaoning Xibe population showed the closest genetic distance (0.0035) followed by Xinjiang Xibe population (0.0218). Multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis among Xibe and 29 other Chinese populations showed that local populations such as Manchu from Liaoning and Han from Beijing had a close affinity while Tibetans from Aba, China, were most distant from Xibe populations. Moreover, 12 individuals showed a null allele at DYS448 in Xibe population samples. We submitted Y-STRs data in the Y-Chromosome Haplotype Reference Database (YHRD) for future forensic and other usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Deep regional hyperthermia might have an additional effect on radiotherapy in treating locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). This study aimed to investigate the role of hyperthermia combined with modern preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for LARC. Methods and materials: From 2012 to 2018, 152 consecutive patients with LARC treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation were enrolled and analyzed retrospectively. Pelvic radiotherapy (45–50 Gy) was delivered as volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), concurrently with capecitabine chemotherapy. Fifty patients received hyperthermia combined with CRT (HCRT group) twice a week. Treatment response and outcomes were compared between the two groups. Furthermore, the relationships between peripheral blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) in response to hyperthermia were analyzed. Results: Patients treated with hyperthermia had a significantly higher T-downstaging rate than those without hyperthermia (82.0 vs. 62.7%; p ¼ .016). Hyperthermia was an independent favorable predictor of T-downstaging (odds ratio [OR] ¼ 2.473; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.050–5.826; p ¼ .038). In the HCRT group, a pre-therapeutic elevated NLR (3) was associated with a higher T-downstaging rate (100.0 vs. 73.5%, p ¼ .043). However, NLR was not associated with the T-downstaging rate in the CRT group. Five-year rates of locoregional recurrence-free survival (96.8 vs. 94.7%, p ¼ .959), disease-free survival (DFS; 61.4 vs. 79.3%, p ¼ .242), and overall survival (OS; 92.7 vs. 89.8%, p ¼ .831) were not statistically different between the CRT and HCRT groups. Conclusions: Hyperthermia can improve preoperative treatment response in LARC. Pretreatment NLR may be a predictive factor for hyperthermia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]