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The study examined perceived transgressions and concomitant forgiveness among Indian older adults living in old-age homes and families. The thematic analysis method was employed to analyze interviews with 22 older adults. Severe loss, serious neglect, and cheating were the perceived transgressions of the older adults from old-age homes whereas day-to-day issues characterized the perceived transgressions of the families' older adults. Pseudo-forgiveness was observed in the older adults residing in old-age homes because of their feelings of helplessness and their fear of losing respect, while affiliation, perceived harm, the realisation of offence, and perceived consequences of punishment were precursors to forgiveness in family-living older adults. Both groups acknowledged the role of offence, intention, relationships, attributions, and commitment to socio-cultural and moral values in forgiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examined the mediating role of self-esteem between the relationship of self-forgiveness and human flourishing. Using a correlational design, 214 participants (M = 22.07 years) were chosen by convenience sampling method. The results revealed a significant interdependence between self-esteem, self-forgiveness, and human flourishing, as reflected in their positive correlations. Self-esteem and self-forgiveness accounted for a significant variability in human flourishing. Mediational analyses showed self-esteem to be a significant partial mediator between relationships of self-forgiveness and human flourishing. Self-esteem represents self-worth and personal values, which are essential ingredients in preparing people to forgive themselves, which in turn, may cultivate positive affects and cognitions that lead to flourishing. Self-esteem helps to understand transgressing situations and the precise role of different stakeholders, which may have facilitated self-forgiveness and ultimately flourishing. In essence, self-esteem and self-forgiveness are relevant to understanding human flourishing, and the impacts of self-forgiveness on flourishing are mediated by self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biodegradation ability of a native bacterial species Pelomonas aquatica strain WS2-R2A-65, isolated from nitramine explosive-contaminated effluent, for octogen (HMX) and hexogen (RDX) under aerobic condition has been explored in this study. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that the isolate WS2-R2A-65 retained its morphology both in the presence and absence of HMX or RDX. During an incubation period of 20 days, the isolate cometabolically degraded 78 and 86% of HMX and RDX with initial concentrations 6 and 60 mg L−1, respectively. The degradation mechanism followed the first-order kinetics for both the nitramines with a 50% degradation time of 9.9 and 7.7 days for HMX and RDX, respectively. Positive electrospray ionisation mass spectroscopy indicates that biodegradation of nitamines follows multiple degradation pathways with one involving ring cleavage via single-electron transfer to nitramines leading to the elimination of single nitrite ion as evident from the formation of methylenedinitramine (MEDINA) and its methyl derivatives. The other pathways involve the reduction of both the nitramines to their nitroso, hydroxylamino and amino derivatives. These metabolites get further ring cleaved to give secondary metabolites viz. N-hydroxymethylmethylenedintramine, N-nitrosoamino and hydrazinyl derivatives leading to simpler less hazardous end products. Thus, the isolate WS2-R2A-65 proves to be an efficient microbial species for bioremediation of nitramines-contaminated effluent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is a suitable alternative to toxic metal-based catalysts, due to its large surface area, sp2 carbon backbone and oxygen functionalities that can interact with organic moieties and disperse in water. We have reported herein the synthesis of 1,3-oxazines via multicomponent reaction of various amines, formaldehyde and sesamol/2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthaquinone/6-hydroxyquinoline in aqueous medium for the first time using rGO as the catalyst at 80 °C. The reactions were complete in 5–15 min and afforded the products in excellent yields. Short reaction time, easy separation of recyclable catalyst and green methodology are advantages of this protocol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The basic goal of the study was to explore the nature and mechanisms of self-compassion through which it shapes perceived positive mental health outcomes of the adults. Using a qualitative research design fifty-one adults (26 males and 25 females) in the age range of 20–25 years were interviewed following a semi-structured interview protocol. The responses were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim and analysed using the Thematic Analysis Method. The findings revealed that self-compassion is a complex process bringing in cognitive, affective and behavioural resources for the individual. Self-compassion was found efficacious in gaining enhancement in perceived self-understanding, positive self-regard, forgiveness, resilience, hope, optimism, well-being, self-efficacy, autonomy, competence, intellectual and emotional strengths, productivity, positive emotions and decreased stress. It was also found to catalyse positive intrapersonal and interpersonal relationships. Findings imply that self-compassion provides protective and supportive strengths to affect the genesis, maintenance, consolidation and promotion of perceived positive mental health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this manuscript, RDX (Royal Demolition eXplosive) and HMX (High Melting eXplosive) were removed from water that is mainly polluted by military activities. Two different forms of magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposites, α-Fe2O3-rGO (hematite-reduced graphene oxide) and nZVI-rGO (nano zero valent iron-reduced graphene oxide) have been evaluated for decontamination of water containing these carcinogenic explosives. Comparative adsorption studies were carried out considering contact time, pH and adsorbent dosage for all the adsorbent–adsorbate systems. Batch adsorption experiments at varied concentrations of RDX and HMX were conducted. The experimental results better fit in pseudo second order model following Freundlich isotherm. Magnetic nature of both adsorbents is suitable for their easy separation from contaminated water in presence of an external magnetic field. α-Fe2O3-rGO showed higher adsorption capacities for HMX and RDX, this was supported by the physio-chemical properties of the adsorbent. Therefore, it could be potentially upscaled and used commercially for purification of water containing explosives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2,4,6-Trinitrophenol (TNP), an explosive utilized for artillery munitions, ends up polluting water and soil. This study targets the treatment of TNP contaminated water via adsorption technique. A comparative adsorption study using pristine rGO (reduced graphene oxide), α-Fe2O3/rGO, bare α-Fe2O3 and physical mixture of α-Fe2O3 & rGO has been carried to select the most suitable adsorbent. To understand the mechanism of adsorption of TNP on α-Fe2O3/rGO adsorption isotherms were applied on adsorption data. The adsorption kinetics followed pseudo second order kinetic model. The mechanism of adsorption changed significantly with change in pH. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 769.23 mg · g−1. Regeneration studies indicated that the adsorbent can be used up to 3 times without significant decrease in adsorption efficiency. Magnetic nature of adsorbent allowed its easy segregation from the contaminant solution upon application of external magnetic field. To assess the adsorption efficacy of α-Fe2O3/rGO in real water under ambient condition, TNP was spiked in ground water samples collected from adjoining district that had high TDS (Total dissolved solids). The Langmuir adsorption capacity of 164.24 mg · g−1 was attained with substantial decrease in TDS. Thus α-Fe2O3/rGO proves to be an efficient adsorbent for nitrophenols and can be used commercially for waste water treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]