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This study examines the port planning dynamics of the neighbouring ports of Koper (Slovenia) and Trieste (Italy) since the Second World War. Through an analysis of port-related planning documents, it offers insights into how geographical proximity, divergent geopolitical circumstances, and a unique border context have shaped the development trajectories of these two ports. We argue that their spatial planning is somewhat idiosyncratic because the presence of a border did not necessarily condition unrelated planning efforts and vice versa. Max Fabiani was the only urban planner to propose a joint development plan for both port cities in the immediate post-war period. The port and local authorities pursued separate planning paths for the two port cities after the Yugoslav–Italian border was established in 1954. As the border became more permeable, a certain relatedness can be seen in the spatial planning of both ports. The port authorities worked toward a unified port system at the turn of the millennium, but the persistence of phantom borders prevented this. In recent decades of European borderless integration, there are fewer obstacles to planning cooperation. Currently, both ports are planning similar development, such as the expansion of container terminals, which is leading to their increased competition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses female agency in early twentieth-century Gothenburg. It argues that female urban practices were a major catalyst for the transformation of urban space in the port city, which has traditionally been attributed to male-dominated activities in trade, industry and urban politics. Drawing on women's personal memories and on insights offered by theoretical studies that consider gender and mobility as constitutive elements of urban space, the article focuses on women's mobile practices in the rapidly changing industrial port city: on female migration, on how women navigated the labour market, and on their perception as home-makers. In doing so, it places particular emphasis on how women acted in the blurred boundaries between 'public' and 'private' spaces and thereby on one of the major ordering principles of urban life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over time, a large number of stakeholders have affected the Italian port city of Naples. The millenary history of Naples reveals a port that has been strongly intertwined with the city. Yet, recent history shows a different story. The historical investigation analysed in this article points out a conflict between several different authorities that led the port. As these developed into separate entities they detached people from the water. This article offers an institutional history. Using the concept of path dependence it argues that a past system of decision-making concerning the development of the port city reinforced the separation of land from water in Naples. Path dependence is understood as a resistance by institutions (rules) and actors (decision makers) to changes in patterns of behaviour and a tendency to repeat previous decisions and practices. This article analyses a series of critical junctures so as to analyse the constellation of actors and decisions which have prevented the city from living with water. The article concludes by arguing that understanding the articulated system of past decision-making is a key to (re)conceptualizing the current state of the city and (re)imagining ways by which the city might be reunited with its waters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Canton (present-day Guangzhou) has long flourished as a port city. As the city expanded in the nineteenth century, the risks of conflagrations increased; streets became more crowded, buildings were more often made of wood, and there was more use of open fires. The reconstruction of Canton after conflagrations provides an excellent way to observe the resilience of urban space, understood here as the result of interactions among different stakeholders. This paper explores how authorities, local communities, foreigners, and Hong merchants addressed fires and rebuilt through laws, regulations, technologies and cooperation, and how responses to fire destruction shaped urban space. Divers stakeholders affected the reconstruction of buildings and streets. The government made laws to widen streets, communities built watchtowers, and foreigners made new plans for Thirteen Factories, a neigbhorhood along the Pearl River. At the same time, conflicts between communities and foreigners obstructed plans for urban transformation and maintained the stability of urban structures. The communities kept the traditional local community organizations the 'Kaifong' (local organization in street) who opposed the widening streets and fought against proposed fire zones around Thirteen Factories, thus pitching local interests against those of the foreigners in a complex social, political, and cultural context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Theoretical models point to the occurrence of common and recurrent stages in several port city regions around the world, which have associated the evolution of port-related activities with the process of urban territory transformation. In order to understand the role of port-related activities in framing the urban territory, we conducted a spatiotemporal comparative analysis of two port city regions with contrasting settings. The first involves the European city of Dublin in Ireland, while the second concerns the South American city of Vitória on the coast of Brazil. Morphologic diagrams were used as generalizing tools in order to simplify the representation of the urban territory into structures, and also to facilitate the interpretation and comparison between the two cities. This study-based comparative analysis shows that the dissociation between city and port is dependent on the territorial scale of the analysis, as well as the context the city was formed prior to port establishment. On the other hand, the reassociation between city and port is based on the constitution of new centres beyond the traditional urban centre. Moreover, the use of diagrams proved to be capable of connecting quantitative and qualitative approaches, helping to identify common forms and structures, and historical-cultural patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ports and cities are intrinsically linked. Port city, which serves as a link between the local and global economy, is an integration of both urban and port systems. Constrained by different regional structures, port cities have developed various formulations over time. Using a two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach, this paper proposes a new method for measuring the sustainable development of different port city systems. While the previous empirical studies often separate the port system and the urban system, this paper assesses the two systems in an integrated way. Moreover, this paper develops a systematic methodology for measurement of sustainability. Twenty world-leading container port cities are selected for this study using contemporary data. The DEA results display their relative differences in levels of sustainable development, which reveal the effectiveness of the prevailing policies in them. Eventually, recommendations are drawn for other port cities by referring to the best practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores Sindh, today a province in Pakistan, in terms of its spatial relationship with the various overlapping ‘worlds’ to which it has belonged in the recent past. Sindh's reputation under the British was as a sleepy backwater, located at a distance from centres of colonial power. But this simplistically static picture belies its relationship, for instance, with new communication and transportation links that connected it in different ways to places outside its immediate provincial boundaries, whether Indian, imperial or international. By the time of British India's independence, Sindh (and its port city of Karachi in particular) constituted a major crossroads: and while in the second half of the twentieth century it became more of a hub than it had ever been in its history, equally never before had so many people made it their final destination and home. This article, thus, traces the interconnected processes that, both before and since 1947, have helped to position, and arguably redefine, Sindh's place in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

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This article attempts to interpret cosmopolitan aspects of Creole port societies through one literary work, Abdoulaye Sadji's Nini mulâtresse du Sénégal. Republican ideals have been found in cosmopolitan Creole port societies for a very long time, and may be connected to both ancient pre-colonial and colonial Creole practices, especially intimate relationships. The text explores accordingly both the pre-colonial roots of these relationships as well as their colonial development. It also indicates that such relationships are central to the work analyzed, as young women of Creole origin are its main characters. Furthermore, the portrayal of those women is closely linked in the novel to issues of political freedom and anti-colonialism. The article moreover attempts to read the novel in the light of what is known of the history of Saint-Louis, stressing both the related presence of cosmopolitan Creole societies, conceptions of hybridity and Republican ideals. Cet article propose une interprétation des aspects cosmopolites des sociétés portuaires créoles dans une œuvre littéraire, le roman d'Abdoulaye Sadji, Nini mulâtresse du Sénégal. Il y a eu des idéaux républicains dans les sociétés portuaires créoles depuis très long temps, où ils sont connectés à des anciennes pratiques créoles précoloniales et coloniales, en particulier des relations intimes. L'article explore en conséquence à la fois les racines précoloniales de ces dernières ainsi que leur développement colonial. Il indique également que ces relations sont au cœur de l'œuvre analysée, où les jeunes femmes d'origine créole sont des personnages centraux. En outre, la représentation de ces femmes est étroitement liée à des questions de liberté politique et d'anticolonialisme. L'article essai d'ailleurs de lire le roman à la lumière de ce qui est connu de l'histoire de Saint-Louis, soulignant à la fois la présence concomitante des sociétés créoles cosmopolites, des conceptions de «mixité», et des idéaux républicains. Mots-clés: créole; Sénégal; cosmopolitisme; ville portuaire; Abdoulaye Sadji; Nini [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This study aims to explore the distinctive characteristics of commercial development and its effect on the shaping of the urban form in rapidly developing port cities with a special emphasis on Mersin, which had been an emerging city in the Eastern Mediterranean from the nineteenth century to the first half of the twentieth century. This paper questions the relations between commercial development and morphological change in terms of the functional and spatial patterns that emerged as a result of commercial activity, and the motivating force behind them. The port city is conceived as a spatial expression of core–periphery relations, in which they serve as an essential intermediate stop from where commodities are transferred to and from the agrarian periphery and the industrial core. The findings of the study revealed that the commercial development of Mersin between the late nineteenth century and mid-twentieth century was in the form of sui-generis development as a mercantile port of exchange in the Eastern Mediterranean. The commercial development, which came into being in a gradual and piecemeal manner rather than depending on planned and coordinated large-scale redevelopments, revealed itself spatially through land-use differentiation and specialized commercial environments. The notable tradesmen at the very top of the hierarchical structure positioned themselves at the very centre of the process by organizing a network of distribution and credit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Ten-Year Plan for the port of Antwerp (1956-1965) funded the expansion of the port's infrastructure over a 10-year period. Strictly, a national government-funded infrastructure programme for the construction of a set of canal docks, the programme laid the basis for a broader urbanization of the north-eastern Antwerp metropolitan region. The importance of the operation lies primarily in its role as an instrument of urbanization rather than in the improvement of the transport and transshipment capacity of the port because it opened up a large territory to industrial settlement. The linear layout of the project along the Scheldt River led planners to conceive the further urbanization of the adjacent region on a linear city model, with satellite communities attached to the industrial and infrastructural strip. Compared with the contemporary Europoort plan for the port of Rotterdam, where several planning agencies implemented conflicting plans for functionally distinct infrastructures and the construction of a new town, the success of the Antwerp approach resides in the flexible and strategic implementation of the project as a co-production between various authorities and private parties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to identify of the gentrification frontier. The gentrification frontier represents a divide between gentrified and ungentrified areas of the city. Based on a case study of Portland, Maine, field research is combined with an analysis of census-derived variables to delineate the gentrification frontier in three time periods 1980-1990, 1990-2000, and L980-2000. This paper suggests that the existence of an amenity, a revitalized urban waterfront can act as a catalyst for gentrification of the adjacent urban space, thereby creating a gentrification frontier associated with reinvestment in the waterfront. The results of the analysis show that because of low levels of gentrification before 1990 it is only possible to identify the gentrification frontier in the period from 1990-2000. As expected, the gentrification frontier is fragmented and discontinuous. It is located adjacent to an almost continuous area of gentrification that extends along Portland's waterfront. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article considers two intimately related claims about Mediterranean port cities. First, that their citizens felt more affinity with each other than they did with the inhabitants of non-port cities. And second that they were the scenes of liberal cosmopolitanism during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It discusses the concept of “cosmopolitanism”, and briefly reviews the case of Izmir as an exemplar and compares it to the cities of Alexandria and Trieste. The article argues for a more careful and differential use of the notion of “cosmopolitanism”, and suggests questions for further anthropological and historical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]