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Acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), secondary to cardiovascular disease and sepsis, is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Although studies have examined cardiovascular disease and sepsis in AKI, the association between AKI and hepatic functional impairment remains unclear. We hypothesized that hepatic function markers would predict mortality in patients undergoing CRRT. We included 1,899 CRRT patients from a multi-centre database. In Phase 1, participants were classified according to the total bilirubin (T-Bil) levels on the day of, and 3 days after, CRRT initiation: T-Bil < 1.2, 1.2 ≤ T-Bil < 2, and T-Bil ≥ 2 mg/dL. In Phase 2, propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to examine the effect of a T-Bil cutoff of 1.2 mg/dL (supported by the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score); creating two groups based on a T-Bil cutoff of 1.2 mg/dL 3 days after CRRT initiation. The primary endpoint was total mortality 90 days after CRRT initiation, which was 34.7% (n = 571). In Phase 1, the T-Bil, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and AST/ALT (De Ritis ratio) levels at CRRT initiation were not associated with the prognosis, while T-Bil, AST, and the De Ritis ratio 3 days after CRRT initiation were independent factors. In Phase 2, T-Bil ≥1.2 mg/dL on day 3 was a significant independent prognostic factor, even after PSM [hazard ratio: 2.41 (95% CI; 1.84-3.17), p < 0.001]. T-Bil ≥1.2 mg/dL 3 days after CRRT initiation predicted 90-day mortality. Changes in hepatic function markers in acute renal failure may enable stratification of high-risk patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many researchers study various test statistics for appropriately dealing with data. The nonparametric one-way analysis of variance plays an important role in biometry. For the multisample location-scale problem, the generalized Cucconi test statistic has been proposed for the location, scale, and location-scale parameters. This study derives the limiting distribution of the suggested test statistic. Computing the exact critical value of the statistic can be difficult when the sample sizes are large. An approximation method regarding the distribution function of the test statistic can be useful in this situation. We use a gamma approximation to evaluate the upper-tail probability of the proposed test statistic for a finite sample size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various test statistics have been proposed to address the two-sample location-scale problem. A nonparametric one-way layout analysis of variance plays an important role in biometry. We consider a multisample nonparametric statistic for the location-scale problem. The multisample Cucconi test is suitable for the shifted location-scale parameter. However, the limiting distribution of the multisample Cucconi test has not been derived prior to this publication. The null and non-null limiting distribution of the modified multisample Cucconi test is derived. Simulation studies are used to investigate the convergence of the multisample Cucconi test to the limiting distribution under various scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]