Search

Many institutions face low deposit rates with their institutional repositories despite investing substantial resources in implementing and supporting these systems. Deposit rates are higher in IRs that offer mediated deposits; however, this can be a time and labor intensive process. This article describes a method for copying open access articles and corresponding descriptive metadata from open repositories for archiving in an institutional repository using Beautiful Soup and Selenium as web scraping tools. This method quickly added hundreds of articles to an IR without relying on faculty participation or consulting publisher policies, increasing repository downloads and usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Journal of Statistics & Data Science Education (JSDSE) has implemented requirements for authors to share deidentified data and code to promote reproducibility and open science. This document discusses the importance of sharing data in research and provides guidelines for selecting appropriate repositories for data sharing. It also addresses the challenges of sharing deidentified data, particularly in relation to privacy concerns and the potential for reidentification. The document suggests options such as removing sensitive demographic variables or creating synthetic data to protect privacy while still allowing for reproducibility. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of balancing privacy and sharing to foster better science. [Extracted from the article]

AbstractThis article describes an experiment to use the ChatGPT Large Language Model as a tool to refine Schema.org metadata. ChatGPT was asked to give suggestions to improve a preexisting package of Schema.org structured metadata in the NMSU Library homepage for search engine optimization. A package of reformatted metadata based on ChatGPT’s recommendations was used to replace the preexisting metadata for seven weeks and relevant web stats are compared to an equivalent seven-week period from the preceding semester. This article discusses ChatGPT’s recommendations in some depth and examines the outcomes from a theoretical perspective. Implications of the experiment are outlined along with future areas for research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Financed by the French banker Albert Kahn, the Archives of the Planet is one of the most important collections of early photography. Produced between 1909 and 1931, its 72,000 autochromes show a world we are accustomed to seeing in black and white, captured in colour. While Kahn focused on volume, scholars have mostly studied the collection by close reading a small number of pictures. In contrast, this article applies a distant viewing methodology – a combination of data analysis and multimodal AI – to examine, compare, and analyse all the thousands of pictures in the Archives of the Planet. Using spatial metadata, it reveals that the world represented by the collection is significantly smaller than previously assumed: only 22 countries appear more than 100 times in the archive. Applying multimodal AI reveals that a large proportion of the archive (∼25%) consists of the same or extremely similar images. Challenging previous claims about the collection's heterogeneity, algorithmic clustering of the images demonstrates that Kahn's photographers captured similar scenes, adhering closely to the scientific principles of the project. On a general level, the article demonstrates that a distant viewing methodology can help find patterns of presence as well as patterns of absence: the silent parts of the archive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses the theoretical underpinning of the so-called semantic gap. By analysing the discourses on ideals and practices of image search and image use in terms of different understandings of 'information' and 'communication' this study illuminates the epistemological foundation of different ways of thinking about image descriptions. More precisely, it compares the discourse for metadata production, standards and information management with the discourse among humanities scholars. Close readings of handbooks, best practice and interviews with metadata producers discloses a discourse imbued by a mechanical model for communication and information transmission and a focus on objectivity and effectiveness. Simultaneously, interviews with humanities scholars and close readings of recent archival theory reveal another understanding of metadata as historically, institutionally, and even individually situated interpretations. As this study shows, attentiveness to the theoretical underpinning of the different ideals, wants and needs of metadata for images may illuminate why these differences exists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Digital content may increase parental access to training as well as the diversity of the training programs. YouTube videos may provide a platform from which professionals may adopt content for such programs. This study provides data regarding the clinical utility of YouTube videos about shared book reading (SBR) found on the United States (USA) and India channels. Method: A cross-sectional analysis of videos about SBR was conducted to examine metadata, evidence-based content, understandability, and actionability. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse metadata and content. Health literacy concepts of understandability and actionability were measured, and descriptive statistics are reported. Result: Of 800 videos identified, 10 included information related to storybook selection, dialogic reading, extra-textual strategies, and print-referencing strategies. These met adequate levels of understandability and actionability. Conclusion: Results provide some direction and recommendations for parent-training programs in the USA and India. The study highlights the use of YouTube videos and suggests its utility as a supplement source within parent-training programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In taxonomy, precision of species collection data is a cornerstone for advancing research and its diverse applications. Despite the widespread recognition of the significance of these data, researchers have frequently neglected some important details in published taxonomic studies. Historically, fungal studies leaned heavily on the morphological delineation of taxa. In contrast, taxonomic methods currently employ a synthesis of a diverse combination of morpho-molecular markers, chemical attributes and both ecological and geographic data. Even with these new methods, mycologists value the data derived from old fungal records as essential guides for current and future studies. Therefore, this underscores the importance of careful documentation of data on habits and habitats in parallel with fungal collection. While collecting specimens of fungi, it is important to record metadata such as sampling location, habitat (host/substrate), season (date or specific season) and physical and morphological information on the specimen itself. These datasets will provide a rich source of information for the taxonomy, ecology and conservation of fungal resources. Understanding fungal distribution patterns and the possible explanations for these patterns is a real challenge for conserving biodiversity, and the lack of data-recording of specimens creates substantial obstacles. Accurate fungarium data are a basic source for understanding fungal distribution and patterns of richness and assessing red-listed and invasive species. This paper explores the importance of additions to fungal data recording, emphasising fungal hosts and geographic locations. We also discuss the significant roles of seemingly insignificant details in fungal data recording to enhance the understanding of researchers about the ecological relationships of fungal species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital forensic practitioners will encounter digital traces during their examinations which they must take steps to understand. This may involve trying to attribute an ‘activity’ to a trace (what created it) or determine where it came from (its ‘source’) – Trace-to-Activity/Source interpretation. Alternatively, they may need to determine if an activity has taken place on a system by identifying traces denoting it – Activity-to-Trace interpretation. In both instances, practitioners may need to conduct tests and/or identify research which will help them understand a trace, and compare any results of their testing/research to the traces in their casework. This work describes both the Trace-to-Activity/Source and Activity-to-Trace interpretive journeys, as well as the steps contained in both. In addition, six ‘trace comparison criteria’ are proposed and discussed to help those carrying out a trace comparison, notably: ‘trace location’, ‘trace structure’, ‘trace examination method’, ‘trace metadata’, ‘trace content’, and ‘trace context’. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Historically, scholarly editions of music have identified a managing editor and individual volume editors. Other contributors might receive an acknowledgement with a vague description of activities, with institutional support often appearing in the printed metadata. This model’s emphasis on single scholars perpetuates a myth, relying heretofore upon predominantly invisible labour. Digital editions require interdisciplinary collaboration combining musicological skills, technical skills, and infrastructural resources, thus challenging this model’s ability to endure. Moreover, digital editions proffer opportunities for reconsidering the roles, workflows, and knowledge structures involved in critical musical scholarship.Situated at the intersection of currently running and recently completed digital projects, continuously emergent tools, sociology, and philosophy, this essay reflects on the role of the editor in the digital age. Beginning with Howard Becker’s art worlds model of creative communities, it suggests a model based on FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) and CARE (Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, and Ethics) principles and the Music Encoding Initiative (MEI). MEI affords expansive metadata recording for contributors – composers, librettists, performers, editors, researchers, funders, etc. – to a work and its embodiments, which in turn enables broader visibility and empowers greater acknowledgement of the labour involved in such projects. Alongside other digital projects, this essay pays particular attention to how these technological and team-focused concepts are at- and in-play in the Reger-Werkausgabe Online. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the emergence of the Internet, social media, and smartphones, almost everyone can now claim that they have news in their pockets. This phenomenon makes people aware of their surroundings and knowledgeable of current events. But, it also presents new challenges, such as automatic detection, machine/bot-generated fake news, limited or no metadata, etc. In this paper, we mitigate some of these challenges by taking a step toward SIeving Fake News from Genuine (SIFG) and presenting a system named SIFG. In SIFG we have used basic and advanced Natural Language Processing techniques to detect online fake news automatically. This makes SIFG independent of the metadata, such as the source, network structure and behavior, temporal propagation, and responses, about the news. We also introduce specific Parts of Speech patterns, utilize Generalized Relevance Learning Vector Quantization for feature selection, and employ ensemble learning to improve the performance of SIFG. When tested with a publicly available online fake news dataset of 10,000 fake and 10,000 genuine news, SIFG shows promising results and achieves an accuracy in the range of 89.85% − 95%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Audiovisual resources available online gain more importance in satisfying users' information needs, yet the quality of metadata that ensures discoverability of these resources is not yet emphasized, mainly due to lack of benchmark data. This article addresses the need by presenting results of the comparative evaluation of accuracy and completeness of Dublin Core metadata records created by metadata beginners to represent audio recordings and video recordings. We present our findings in the context of how the metadata learning is organized at the program which currently prepares most of those entering the information profession in Kuwait. Findings reveal some similarities, as well as some pronounced differences in metadata accuracy and completeness patterns for two kinds of online digital resources: audio recordings and video recordings. Video metadata was found to be of substantially higher quality than audio metadata created by the same beginners. Overall, for audiovisual information resources, we found the Type metadata field to be the least prone to completeness errors, and Format to accuracy errors. Our data suggests that the Source metadata field is the most vulnerable for accuracy errors in both audio metadata and video metadata. However, Dublin Core metadata fields with the highest possibility of completeness errors did not exhibit overlap between the two sets of beginner-created metadata records. We discuss examples of the most common metadata errors and compare results with findings of previous research. Empirical data obtained in this study allows assessing preparedness of information professionals to create metadata that is functional in supporting resource discovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bioinformatics develops methods to understand biological data and to explain biological processes. The discipline operates on huge data sets and is computationally intensive. The fast growth of the field and its specialization into many subdisciplines makes it hard to search for, find, and to keep track of scientific results relevant for one's own research. Being able to get knowledge of prior studies, and the data they rely on, is a prerequisite to further one's own research and to ensure effective progress of bioinformatics as a field. At the same time, scientists' own research and reputation benefit from the best possible searchableness of their research data. The FAIR data movement draws from this motivation. Before research data can be accessed and reused, however, it must first be found or discovered. For this purpose, the large space of highly diverse research data must be conquered, it must have a high quality of searchableness. To increase searchableness, we have devised a metadata schema to describe the entire field of bioinformatics by a small set of descriptors. Our metadata schema has been inspired by Dublin Core and aims at replicating its success in the domain of bioinformatics. The schema aims at complementing the many metadata schemes used by bioinformaticians in practice by extracting their common core, yielding to a schema that can be used across bioinformatics subdisciplines. Our minimal schema for bioinformatics metadata is complemented by a Web-based annotation tool where such metadata can be provided in an effective, time-saving, and concise manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discussions surrounding digital libraries and their metadata have become less robust than before, given that creating and hosting digital collections have become the norm for most cultural heritage institutions over the last 20 years. Consequently, there are fewer discussions of how the characteristics of digital collections and their metadata have changed over time. This article showcases the evolution of digital collections and their metadata at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) Library in the last 20 years. It discusses the growth of its collections and their characteristics, examines historical changes in the use of metadata elements, and explores responses to the changing nature of digitized and born-digital materials. Based on a large-scale data analysis of the digital collections and their metadata housed in UIUC Digital Library, the paper also examines the challenges and opportunities of the curation and management of digital collections and digital libraries in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article highlights the importance of integrated search interfaces (ISI) in systematic reviews and examines the current guidelines on their use. ISI can help researchers determine the scope of their review topic and identify relevant search terms and subject headings. They can also assist in developing and documenting search strategies, as well as rapidly expanding searches to additional databases, registers, and gray literature. ISI can also be used for ongoing literature surveillance and the identification of retractions and errata. Limitations and challenges associated with the use of ISI in systematic reviews include; difficulties in translating search syntax between databases, limitations in the extensibility of controlled subject classifications, the need to select relevant databases, the commercialization of ISI hindering scientific reproducibility, challenges in maintaining the reproducibility of search strategies over time, and skills and knowledge deficits in the workforce. This article also discusses opportunities for vendors to enhance ISI to better support systematic review workflows. Features to improve ISI may include duplicate citation identification, cross-platform integration with citation management tools and screening platforms, transparency of search interface configuration, integration of bibliometrics and semantic mapping, and the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance search strategies. Advancements in Large Language Models in the realm of AI, along with APIs designed to incorporate these models into various software tools, have the capability to significantly enhance the effectiveness and comprehensiveness of systematic reviews. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This column introduces how Ex Libris uses ChatGPT to enrich ebooks' Bibliographic records with the focus on these MARC fields: 041 (Language), 520 (Summary), and 650 (Subject). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ownership of MARC bibliographic data has been an issue between OCLC and other companies in the marketplace. Two lawsuits are discussed between OCLC and Clarivate and SkyRiver. The "WorldCat Rights and Responsibilities for the OCLC Cooperative" provides a basis for many library contracts and how OCLC lays claim to bibliographic data. The "ICOLC Statement on the Metadata Rights of Libraries" is used as a general framework for discussing issues surrounding who owns MARC records and how they can be used or re-used. Most librarians are interested in free and open use of MARC records whether or not they may have passed through the OCLC system at some point. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Human circadian clocks are synchronized daily with the external light-dark cycle and entrained to the 24-hour day. There is increasing evidence that a lack of synchronization and circadian entrainment can lead to adverse health effects. Beyond vision, light plays a critical role in modulating many so-called non-visual functions, including sleep-wake cycles, alertness, mood and endocrine functions. To assess (and potentially optimize) the impact of light on non-visual functions, it is necessary to know the exact 'dose' (i.e. spectral irradiance and exposure duration at eye level) of 24-hour light exposures, but also to include metadata about the lighting environment, individual needs and resources. Problem statement: To address this problem, a new assessment tool is needed that uses existing metrics to provide metadata and information about light quality and quantity from all sources. In this commentary, we discuss the need to develop an evidence-based integrative lighting score that is tailored to specific audiences and lighting environments. We will summarize the most compelling evidence from the literature and outline a future plan for developing such a lighting score using internationally accepted metrics, stakeholder and user feedback. Conclusion: We propose a weighting system that combines light qualities with physiological and behavioral effects, and the use of mathematical modelling for an output score. Such a scoring system will facilitate a holistic assessment of a lighting environment, integrating all available light sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract\nKEY POLICY HIGHLIGHTS:The mobility of scientists, manifested by movements to new academic institutions, grows with globalization and plays a crucial role in individual careers, institutional productivity, and knowledge dissemination. Current research on scientists’ mobility focuses on aggregated levels such as inter-country mobility, with little attention paid to fine-grained institutional level, leading to a simplified spatial portrayal of the mobility. To fill the gap, we take scientists in geography as examples, and reconstructed their dynamic mobility network among institutions from 1970 to 2020 based on massive literature metadata. Our findings reveal the spatial mobility pattern that is now dominated by North America, Western and Northern Europe, East Asia, and Oceania, with the trend of intensification, multipolarity, and inequality over time. Specifically, the mobility network exhibits clear community structure largely constrained by spatial proximity and national borders. We also uncovered a universal downward mobility pattern embedded in the hierarchical structure. Our quantitative analysis further suggest that mobility is facilitated by multiple realities, including spatial, cultural, and scientific proximity, institutional rankings and national economic levels, cooperation, and visa-free policies, with varying dynamics. These results contribute to spatiotemporal insights into the mechanisms of scientific development in theory, and the basis for talent policymaking in practice.  • The mobility of scientists has long been dominated by institutions in developed countries, with China emerging in recent decades.  • Spatial proximity and national borders largely constrain the mobility of scientists.  • The hierarchy in mobility network determines the decrease trend in institutional prestige from original to new academic positions.  • The mobility of scientists between institutions is positively associated with stronger cooperation, same language, and visa-free policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractData lakes are storage repositories that contain large amounts of data in its native format; either structured ssemi-structured or unstructured, to be used when needed. Data lakes are open to a wide range of use cases such as carrying out advanced analytics, extracting knowledge patterns, etc. However, simply dumping all the data into a data lake would only lead to a so-called data swamp. To prevent such a situation, enterprises can adopt best practices among which to build and maintain metadata. In recent years there has been a growing body of research about managing metadata in data lake environments. Existing research efforts deal separately with different activities such as metadata modeling, metadata capture and extraction, metadata usage, etc. Nevertheless, despite its importance, a global view about the research landscape about metadata management for data lakes is still missing. This survey congregates different facets of metadata management in data lakes and presents a global view along with the technological implications and the required features for building successful metadata management systems. Besides, this survey summarizes and discusses research gaps, open problems and main challenges facing both industrialists and academics. This survey pertains to the broader field of Big Data and especially to the data platforms that manage enterprise big data assets. Furthermore, considering the parallels between data lakes and digital libraries regarding their dependence on metadata for content management, this study could offer valuable insights to the digital library community, offering them a technological outlook on metadata management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interplanetary File system (IPFS) provides data communication using plaintext over distributed and decentralized systems. Up till now, the security of data has mostly been established using keys. To facilitate classified data communication within a Closed User Group (CUG), services of IPFS private swarm are required to render additional content encryption. Currently, there is no inherent security built into IPFS. This paper presents an application DMaya on IPFS to provide keyless encryption on IPFS based on the Quasigroup-based Secret Sharing Scheme (QSS). IPFS is used as a storage medium, irrespective of the nature of data. Data security in decentralized mode with IPFS is provided with DMaya. The classified data of all types (i.e. video data, audio data, text data, and image data) when subjected to DMaya application, are fragmented into smaller fragments then processed by the probabilistic Quasigroup-based Secret Sharing (QSS) Scheme. DMaya keyless encryption generates the metadata tag file at the source node. The recipient node within the same private IPFS swarm, on receipt of metadata tag file reconstructs the original data with DMaya application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces a new kind of histogram-based representation for univariate random variables, named the phistogram because of its perceptual qualities. The technique relies on shifted groupings of data, creating a color-gradient zone that evidences the uncertainty from smoothing and highlights sampling issues. In this way, the phistogram offers a deep and visually appealing perspective on the finite sample peculiarities, being capable of depicting the underlying distribution as well, thus, becoming an useful complement to histograms and other statistical summaries. Although not limited to it, the present construction is derived from the equal-area histogram, a variant that differs conceptually from the traditional one. As such a distinction is not greatly emphasized in the literature, the graphical fundamentals are described in detail, and an alternative terminology is proposed to separate some concepts. Additionally, a compact notation is adopted to integrate the representation's metadata into the graphic itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the University of Sydney Library's development and piloting of a methodology to survey its Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultural collections, to enhance catalogue metadata and allow culturally sensitive material to be identified and protected. The research falls broadly within the interpretivist epistemology and draws methodologically on Participative Action Research. The pilot survey was conducted using a qualitative, collection-based approach, more specifically Direct Collection Analysis. A broad syntax was used to identify cultural content within the catalogue metadata, and items individually examined to determine the nature of their contents. The findings surface the benefits and shortcomings of the initial methodology. It is recommended future surveys be conducted using more specific terminology checklists and undertaken by a dedicated team that has received care and handling training for cultural materials and is led by an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander expert in cultural collections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metadata is vital for information storage and retrieval from a database or repository. In the case of Research Data Repositories (RDRs), metadata can be a potent tool for describing and identifying data. Further, producing the metadata is indispensable for fostering data reuse. A filtered view of the registry of research data repositories, re3data.org, depicts no uniform patterns or standards for metadata in the case of RDRs, and the metadata elements and practices differ from RDR to RDR. The present study describes the features of a select number of RDRs and analyzes their metadata practices: Harvard Dataverse, Dryad, Figshare, Zenodo, and the Open Science Framework (OSF). It further examines the total number of metadata elements, common metadata elements, required metadata elements, and item-level metadata. Results indicate that even though Harvard Dataverse has the most metadata elements, Dryad provides rich metadata concerning item level. This study suggests a common metadata framework, richer metadata elements, and more features to make the research data's interoperability possible from one RDR to another. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of a multi-faceted research project examining user engagement with various types of descriptive metadata to improve metadata services, Utah State University Libraries Cataloging and Metadata Services unit investigated user search behavior in library catalog (MARC) records, Encoded Archival Description (EAD) finding aids, and most recently in digital collection metadata. The authors used web log analysis to determine how users interacted with CONTENTdm, categories of search terms used, and where search terms were found in a record. Key findings included that navigation through CONTENTdm using clickable queries (links) is a prominent user search pattern, dates are an important faceting tool and date ranges as a clickable link are heavily used, users demonstrated a more engaged research pattern when searching with geographic terms, and subject and transcription metadata fields match user search terms at a significant rate and are likely to be high drivers of search results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To address the lack of standardized metadata in the historic dress and costume field and increase the searchability and discoverability of online fashion collections, a university collection adopted Costume Core, a metadata schema with controlled vocabulary for fashion artifacts, to develop the digital collection and to assess and improve the usability of the schema. This paper presents a case study delving into the process, benefits, and limitations of using Costume Core to catalog fashion artifacts. It includes a discussion on converting handwritten and typewritten metadata from physical catalog cards into a digital text format using Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology. Costume Core provided a fundamental framework for digitizing and cataloging the university fashion collection while ensuring consistency in the terminology used to describe artifacts in the collection. Nevertheless, there is room for improvement for Costume Core, particularly by expanding the schema by adding controlled terms to increase the accuracy of terms chosen to describe fashion artifacts. Therefore, work is underway to increase its usability, thus promoting its adoption among other fashion collections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Search for library resources may increasingly leverage linked data ontologies, in contrast to machine-readable cataloging (MARC) fields. Concerns about privacy and reductionism have emerged regarding protected identities like sexuality in linked data ontologies such as Wikidata. This study provides a Structured Query Language (SQL) methodology for search related to protected identities in MARC subject metadata; it distinguishes between linked data ontologies for search and taxonomies such as Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) embedded in MARC fields. Metadata may remain preferable to linked data entities to surface implicit content while respecting the privacy and varied experience of persons with protected identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Locally created documentation produced for internal use can have many benefits for technical services departments and other parts of the library. Despite this, libraries often do not have sufficient internal documentation for a variety of reasons. This paper discusses the benefits of local internal documentation. It also discusses why local internal documentation is difficult and offers some tips for creating and maintaining local documentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the results of field studies, analysing the perspectives of blockchain developers on decentralised service delivery and elaborating on unique algorithms for lifetime ledgers to reliably and safely record e-government transactions in an intrinsically cross-referenced manner. New interesting technological niches of service delivery and emerging models of related data management in the industry were proposed and further elaborated such as the generation of unique lifetime personal data profiles, blockchain-driven cross-referencing of e-government metadata, parallel maintenance of serviceable ledgers for data identifiers and phenomena of blockchain 'black holes' to ensure reliable protection of important public, corporate and civic information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we introduce OpenGeoMetadata (OGM) Aardvark, a metadata application profile designed to describe digital resources that are spatial in nature, including geospatial data, digitized maps, scanned aerial imagery, interactive web maps, and more. OGM Aardvark was originally developed for GeoBlacklight software to facilitate discovery with map interfaces and normalized text faceting. However, the schema's flat structure and human-readable JSON format can be adapted to other platforms to power advanced keyword and spatial searches. We encourage everyone working with geospatial resources to consider using OGM Aardvark to describe these assets, either as the primary profile or to supplement a preservation metadata standard. We review how OGM Aardvark came to be, from its inception in 2014 as the "GeoBlacklight metadata schema" (GBL 1.0) to its current expanded form, and how it compares to other common metadata frameworks, such as MARC, DCAT, or ISO. Examples from GeoBlacklight instances demonstrate how OGM Aardvark enables patrons to discover geospatial resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Big data analytics has attracted significant scholarly attention over the past few years due to its critical role in directing organizational decision making. Big data analytics capabilities (BDAC) are increasingly being suggested to be of great help in providing competitive advantages to the firms across industrial settings. Although, prior research has examined the influence of BDAC from a technological perspective; there is a lack of a research from a broader strategic perspective. Correspondingly, this study builds on dynamic capabilities view to propose a conceptual model that investigates the direct and indirect effects between three dimensions of BDAC on environmental scanning and organization's strategic intent. This study adopted the questionnaire-based survey method to collect the data from 179 senior managers of pharmaceutical companies in Egypt. The results revealed that only the technological dimension of BDAC significantly affected the strategic intent only through supporting data-driven culture and organizational learning. The results also reveal that BDAC is positively associated with environmental scanning, which consequently affects strategic intent. Our results further reveal that environmental scanning mediates the relationship between BDAC and organization's strategic intent. The paper concludes by offering some valuable theoretical and practical implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complexities in modern power systems are increasing daily with the integration of renewable sources and an increasing number of power system components such as lines, buses, transformers, FACTs devices, and many more. The complexity and the limitations in power transfer capabilities for meeting the power consumptions under the contingency condition may occur in the system. The power system contingencies may lead to blackouts and complete system failure. Therefore, power system contingency analysis is a very emerging topic in power system analysis. This paper identifies some previous contingency analysis research and finds the different research persons and journal sources that publish related articles in this field through a bibliometric analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses how digitization in libraries, museums, and archives (LAM) can become more democratic. Digitization within LAM scholarship has been seen historically as a democratic act because it provides universal access to cultural heritage content, breaks down authoritative narratives, and enables participation from users. The article critiques the misconception that online collections democratize artifact information for public consumption and explores the ways in which LAM institutions fall short of living up to their democratic ideals when it comes to digital collections projects. Inspired by others with similar critiques, the authors discuss how LAM institutions can better fulfill the ideal of accessible and equitable access to their collections. The article emphasizes the importance of five areas of digital collections projects: system design, metadata practices, digitization selection and prioritization, labor, and user participation and engagement. The widespread misconception that digitization and digital collections are democratizing is a result of institutional biases that have masked undemocratic processes and systems which the authors strive to expose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The arrival of ChatGPT has prompted numerous conversations about artificial intelligence's role in shaping the future of libraries. Our article seeks to contextualize this new technology within music discovery research by defining the historical underpinnings of artificial intelligence in computer music and music information retrieval. We also identify four areas in librarianship research and practice where applications of this technology should be explored; augmenting library interactions with conversational search, creating tools to assist with metadata clean up and creation, integrating music holdings into commercial discovery systems, and improving music discovery platforms. We hope by identifying potential areas of research we inspire others with practical ways they can contribute to the shape of artificial intelligence in music discovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quality assessments of institutional repository (IR) metadata afford opportunities for improvements to resource description and standards. This article describes a systematic review and enhancement of existing metadata and description practices in [author institution] Institutional Repository. The assessment revealed inconsistencies and omissions that could impede access. OpenRefine, R, and Python were used to remediate, supplement, or replace description with metadata exported from Web of Science and Scopus. This project improved description standards and access to IR resources, and future assessments will be performed annually to ensure metadata conform to IR standards and seek ways to improve standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Much has been written about discovery layer strengths and weaknesses in academic libraries. Many academic libraries have a discovery layer, using products, such as those from OCLC, EBSCO, ExLibris, Summon, or open-source products, such as VuFind. But after over 10 years of academic libraries adopting discovery layers as part of their discovery ecosystem, it may be time to take a step back and revisit the question posed by the speakers at the American Libraries Live "Making the Discovery Decision" January 2014 online discussion, namely: What is a discovery layer and its purpose? Are discovery layers accomplishing what they purport to accomplish for the end user? Through examining three particular discovery layers—OCLC WorldCat Discovery, ExLibris Primo VE, and EBSCO EDS—in regards to their conformance to the National Information Standards Organization (NISO)'s Open Discovery Initiative (ODI) "Checklist for Discovery Service Providers," relevancy ranking algorithms, and mapping tables with facets, this article argues that the goals of discovery layers need to be reconsidered. Specifically, rather than the discovery layers' goal to be Google-like and provide a self-sufficient user experience, discovery layers might be better promoted by libraries as a tool to be used most effectively with assistance from librarians. Discovery Layer vendors could focus their design efforts more on accurate faceted searching, citation tools, and saved search features, and less on esthetics and patron self-sufficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this explorative and collectively written paper, researchers and archivists from the research project Children’s cultural heritage — the visual voices of the archive ponder, wrestle with, confront, and dig deeper into what it means to preserve and include children’s own voices in archives. The authors acknowledge that child-produced cultural objects are historical landmarks and significant parts of national heritage. The article raises questions about where and how the ‘doing’ of what is here called children’s cultural heritage takes place, what it means to archive from children’s perspectives, and what aspects of children are saved during these preservation and archival management processes. To collect, preserve and provide access to heritage might empower and affirm individuals and subordinated groups of people who have not been seen or heard in the historical past, in the present, or in future pasts. Children, as a category, is one such subordinated group in heritage contexts. Adults therefore have a responsibility to empower children by strengthening their position towards other social groups, towards society and the heritage domain. This article provides insights into the challenges that heritage establishments face in taking children’s cultural heritage seriously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The panchromatic stereo images of SPOT 6 were assessed with respect to three-dimensional georeferencing accuracy using sensor-dependent orientation model for the first time. The panchromatic images were acquired in stereo mode with ~1.50 m ground sampling distance at nadir-view, covering Zonguldak (Türkiye) test site. The sensor-dependent orientation model developed for the Pléiades 1A & 1B and Göktürk 1 satellites were preferred since the imaging geometry of SPOT 6 is mostly identical with them. However, the quaternion estimation was modified in accordance with the SPOT 6's metadata. Two point sets, consisting of ground control points (GCPs) and independent check points (ICPs), were established by in-field GNSS survey, and adjusted georeferencing accuracy was estimated to be approximately ±1 cm and ±1.50 m (±1 GSD) at GCPs and ICPs, respectively. All process was carried out by Geo3o1 tool of GeoEtrim derived in MATLAB environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Epistemic Network Analysis (ENA) is a unified, quantitative – qualitative method aiming to draw from both methodological worlds by leveraging a data set containing raw and quantified qualitative data, as well as metadata about data providers or the data itself. ENA generates network models depicting the relative frequencies of co-occurrences for each unique pair of codes in designated segments of qualitative data. Methods: This step-by-step tutorial demonstrates how to model qualitative data with ENA through its quantification via coding and segmentation. Data was curated with the Reproducible Open Coding Kit (ROCK), a human- and machine-readable standard for representing coded qualitative data, enabling researchers to document their workflow, as well as organize their data in a format that is agnostic to software of any kind. Results: ENA allows researchers to obtain insights otherwise unavailable by depicting relative code frequencies and co-occurrence patterns, facilitating a comparison of those patterns between groups and individual data providers. Conclusions: ENA aids reflexivity, moves beyond code frequencies to depict their interactions, allows researchers to easily create post-hoc groupings of data providers for various comparisons, and enables conveying complex results in a visualization that caters to both qualitative and quantitative sensibilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A need to manage and preserve indigenous knowledge is widely recognised. This is because it is understood to have the potential to promote sustainable development while also preserving indigenous peoples' rights, interests, and cultural identity. To understand the challenges of preserving and integrating digitized indigenous knowledge into open science platforms, a qualitative study was carried out. The study's theoretical underpinnings were based on the ideas that data must be discoverable, accessible, interoperable, and usable (FAIR) and that indigenous people have the power to control their data and the duty to disclose how it is used to advance and defend their rights and general well-being (CARE). The data were analysed thematically. The results demonstrate that indigenous knowledge is stored in separate databases at institutions in various countries. Additionally, there was no standardization in the organizations that were collecting the metadata. Because of a lack of metadata, the digital divide, and poor digital and indigenous librarian abilities, indigenous knowledge and data were practically inaccessible and unfindable. In the aftermath of the digital revolution and open research, this article brings a new viewpoint to the conversation about maintaining indigenous knowledge in sub-Saharan Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Institutions that house Indigenous oral histories are often ignorant to the harm they perpetuate by treating these materials without rooting curatorial considerations in Indigenous approaches to knowledge. Issues of categorization, attribution, and access, among many others, often go unaddressed, causing serious harm to Indigenous peoples and their cultural resources. It is imperative that Western archives, libraries, and museums seek out alternatives to systems that perpetuate settler-colonialism, and work to place control of oral histories back in Indigenous hands. In this paper we present several considerations for working with Indigenous oral histories in Western archives, provide case studies that promote the ethical curation and sharing of Indigenous materials, and close with an overview of our current work to revitalize and redress a large collection of Native American oral histories presently housed at the University of Florida. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A collection of approximately 12,000 late eighteenth- to mid-twentieth-century Spanish plays were purchased by the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Library in the 1960s and bound into 669 volumes. These items have been technically accessible and browsable but practically undiscoverable. A project was undertaken to improve access and discoverability of this hidden collection. The volumes were disbound, stabilized, cataloged, digitized, and placed in storage with ideal preservation conditions. Metadata Maker, an open source cataloging tool, was a critical resource in making the project feasible and ensuring good enough records were actually good enough. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2020, the Program for Cooperative Cataloging (PCC) Task Group on Identity Management in NACO sponsored a 14-month PCC Wikidata Pilot, complete with learning objectives, for participants to experiment with Wikidata, an open linked data platform. UCLA Library joined the Pilot to create and edit Wikidata items related to UCLA Library's collections and UCLA Library entities. With the Pilot's conclusion, the UCLA Library Pilot team reflected on lessons learned. By assessing UCLA Library's experience against the Pilot's learning objectives, the authors hope to contribute on-the-ground insights that may be relevant to PCC's progress toward identity management, and the role Wikidata may play in this transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social research methodologists have postulated that the transparency of survey procedures and data processing is mandatory for assessing the Total Survey Error. Recent analyses of data from cross-national surveys have demonstrated an increase in the quality of documentation reports over time and significant differences in documentation quality between the projects. This research note replicates previous results with an extended set of documentation-related quality indicators describing the degree of completeness of information at the consecutive steps of the survey cycle. It also extends earlier findings by indicating no significant relationship between the quality of the survey documentation and the quality of the survey itself. We analysed a meta-data set of survey characteristics, studying all available up-to-date methodological reports of 1,145 national surveys from four large-scale multi-wave projects: the European Quality of Life Survey (2003–2016), European Social Survey (2002–2018), European Values Study (1981–2017), and International Social Survey Programme (1985–2018). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whereas the importance of information system (IS) certifications is increasing to prove compliance with regulatory and industry requirements, research reveals inconsistent findings concerning the effectiveness of IS certifications. Prior studies have concluded that such inconsistent findings stem partly from users' limited understanding of the nature and role of certifications due to ineffective certification presentations. We follow a three-phase, theory-driven design science approach to examine how to design effective certification presentations. First, we identified sources of users' limited understanding and formulated a revised certification presentation that facilitates users' peripheral information processing. We tested our design proposal in an online experiment with 300 participants. Second, we derived meta-requirements and design guidelines by validating a theory-driven model of certification presentations through an online survey with 352 participants. Third, we implemented three certification presentations complying with example guidelines and ran an online experiment with 400 participants to test whether these presentations are effective. We contribute to research and practice by proposing a design theory for certification presentations composed of peripheral cues inducing authority, social proof and likeability to increase users' trust perceptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transgender people face numerous obstacles to accessing adequate, affordable, and appropriate sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services as outlined by the UN's Sustainable Development Goal 3.7 target of achieving universal access to SRH services by 2030. However, transgender SRH sits as a poorly researched area within public health that makes it difficult to understand the current dilemmas facing transgender SRH. This article reports the findings of a study aimed at taking stock of global research in transgender SRH. A bibliometric analysis, used to gain insights from the retrieved literature's metadata, alongside a content analysis were utilized to examine the growth, impact, and content of retrieved articles. Nine hundred fourteen journal articles were retrieved, predominately in English (884; 96.7%). These involved 3653 authors from 46 affiliated countries. Most frequent keywords included HIV, PrEP, and gender identity; corresponding to the SRH issues studied, namely HIV/AIDs and gender reassignment. Top cited and overall articles originated heavily from US affiliated authors. Content analysis outlined the articles' inclusion of the transgender community to largely have a mixed focus with cisgender people in research, these articles largely disease-focused and conducted within cities in the United States. Growth in transgender SRH research was minimal until the early-2010s, after which a steep rise can be observed. Research retrieved has a disproportionate clinical and biomedical focus around HIV and related STI issues suggesting a failure to engage with reproductive justice and more comprehensive rights-based understanding of SRH. The sustained use of derogative language suggests a need for greater inclusion and awareness of trans identities within research and publishing. The dominance of the United States in authorship and as a site of research establishes the need for more geographically diverse research, trans, and LMIC-led research enquiry and creating greater opportunities for cross-cultural, comparative, and collaborative scholarly work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Libraries organize themselves into various departments reflecting their operations and the functional role of individual staff members. Traditionally, most libraries have defined forward facing services as public service. This understanding has often excluded those staff working within a technical services department (acquisitions, cataloging, eresource management), web design, digital services from viewing themselves as providing a public service. The authors analyze library functions in eresource management, licensing, metadata, and accessibility services to underscore the importance of understanding the shared nature of library work such that all staff in the library are seen to be working to promote the connection between patrons and resources, and thus have a connection to each patron who uses the library. By analyzing functional roles and sharing knowledge, libraries can enhance their organizational alignment to support patrons more holistically by broadening the definition of public services. The article emphasizes the necessity of ongoing communication, understanding, and the adoption of a values-based approach toward organizational culture and functioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To resolve discovery issues caused by pre-coordinated subject headings, a group of professionals in the George A. Smathers Libraries at University of Florida (UF) revamped the workflow that transforms MARC.dat files for ingestion into University of Florida Digital Collections (UFDC) by using two popular tools – MarcEdit and OpenRefine. This new route reduces the amount of junk data and treats each subject as one term and then dedupes them. As a result, single concepts can now flow into UFDC as facets. This article adds a case study to the decades' long debate over pre-coordinated subject headings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research introduces a method for segmenting customers using Structural Topic Modelling (STM), a text analysis tool capable of capturing topical content and topical prevalence differences across customers while incorporating metadata. This approach is particularly suitable for contexts in which textual data is either a critical component or is the only data available for segmentation. The ability to incorporate metadata by using STM provides better clustering solutions and supports richer segment profiles than can be produced with typical topic modelling approaches. We empirically illustrate the application of this method in two contexts: 1) a context in which related metadata is readily available; and 2) a context in which metadata is virtually non-existent. The second context exemplifies how ad-hoc generated metadata can increase the utility of the method for identifying distinct segments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Michigan State University Libraries (MSUL) digital repository contains numerous collections of openly available material. Since 2016, the digital repository has been using Faceted Application of Subject Terminology (FAST) subject headings as its primary subject vocabulary in order to streamline faceting, display, and search. The MSUL FAST use case presents some challenges that are not addressed by existing MARC-focused FAST tools. This paper will outline the MSUL digital repository team's justification for including FAST headings in the digital repository as well as workflows for adding FAST headings to Metadata Object Description Schema (MODS) metadata, their maintenance, and utilization for discovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]