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The punk rock movement of the late 1970s and early 1980s is too often dismissed as a short-lived, antagonistic movement that burned out quickly. The transformation of the relationships between politics and culture is reflected in the redefinition politics in terms of culture, rallying against the threats that punk and other deviant cultures represented to society (10). In "Culture Wars", Patton's final chapter, the similarity in attacks on punk as a threat to moral culture shows how similar reactions were on both sides of the Iron Curtain (151). [Extracted from the article]

She provides numerous examples, including music games like I Guitar Hero i , video game music fandoms like Chiptune (fans of 8-bit game music who create remixes and new compositions), mobile music, and video games. Digital technology - a vast and constantly evolving field - has completely upended the way the world discovers, accesses, and engages in music consumption. [Extracted from the article]

Scant attention is paid to heavy metal scenes in the Middle East by academics, yet we know there is a thriving metal underground, heavily intertwined with the politics of resistance and freedom of expression. In "Lebanon", Crowcroft traces the Beirut metal scene from the late 1990s, noting that for years, metalheads battled accusations that playing music meant they were Satanists or subversives (28). Crowcroft observes that as far as Middle East metal scenes go, Egypt is one of the strongest, but also the most harassed. [Extracted from the article]