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Objective: Dementia and cognitive impairment (CI) are common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and have important clinical consequences. We explored the prognostic factors for CI in patients with PD. Methods: A total of 102 patients with PD in Xuan wu hospital and Qian dongnan People's Hospital from 2005 to 2010 were included in this study. All patients underwent clinical and neurological assessments. Relevant demographic and performance parameters were analysed to determine variables that may be independently associated with the progression of CI. Results: In the 6-month follow-up group, CI progressed in three out of 58 cases (5%): two cases progressed from mild CI (MiCI) to moderate CI (MoCI), and one case from MoCI to dementia. In the six-month-to-two-year follow-up group, seven out of 46 cases (15%) worsened: one case developed MiCI, three cases progressed from MiCI to MoCI and three other cases from MoCI to dementia. In the two-to-five-year group, 20 out of 44 cases (45%) worsened with one case developing MiCI, 14 cases progressing from MiCi to MoCI and five cases from MoCI to dementia. Compared with other patients, those with worsening of CI symptoms were significantly older in the two-to-five-year group. Progression of CI was also associated with age at onset and initial staging of PD. Conclusions: Advanced age, late onset of disease and severity of PD are the predictive factors for the progression of CI in PD. The highest probability of progression of CI is in patients with initial severe impairments of visuospatial function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water and nitrogen (N) are the two most important factors influencing the growth and yield of oat (Avena sativa). A pot culture study was conducted to determine the physiological and biomass production of contrasting oat genotypes to water and N supply conditions. With sufficient water, biomass yield of the naked ‘Shadow’ was 12.4% and 10.0% greater than ‘Bia’ in the treatments 750 and 1250 mg N pot−1, respectively, but ‘Bia’ produced greater grain yield than ‘Shadow’. Under severe water stress conditions, increasing N supply decreased PN mainly due to the reduction of gs and E. ‘Shadow’ had higher chlorophyll and leaf N than ‘Bia’, while there were no differences in plant total N, NuptE and NUE. With increasing N application and water stress, WUEL and WUEP both increased. NUE was inversely related with increasing N rates and water stress levels, resulting in a trade-off relationship between WUEP and NUE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A kind of system used for bobbin quality controlling tracing based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is discussed in this paper. The fundamental obstacle of quality control for each spindle in spinning frame is the loss of information associated with bobbins and spindles after the point-of-spinning. The information of bobbins associated with serial number of spindles is identified and recorded automatically in this system via nontouching dual-directional data communication based on RFID technique. The basic qualitative data of each spindle is provided by a PC system B-MIS (Bobbin Management Information System) through the wireless reader devices as well as some complementary. The concept of also tracing the structure, function and implementation of the system are introduced. The process of addressing the problems of spindle, improving spinning machine maintenance as well as the bobbin recovery decisions and so on are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various samples of Radix Angelicae pubescentis (Duhuo) andsubstitutes from the genera Angelica, Heracleum (Umbelliferae),and Aralia (Araliaceae) were analyzed for their constituents andinhibitory effect on cyclooxygenase (COX-1) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). HPLCanalysis showed that osthol, columbianedin, columbianetin acetate, and angelol-typecoumarins are the principal constituents of the n-hexane and dichloromethaneextracts of the roots of Angelica pubescens f. biserrata. The constituentsof the substitutes from Angelica and Heracleum species werefound to be mainly furanocoumarins and falcarindiol. No coumarins were detectedin Aralia cordata. The presence of fatty acids (linoleic acid) couldbe confirmed by GC in Duhuo and the substitutes. All the species showed inhibitoryeffects on COX-1 and 5-LO. Linoleic acid turned out to be the most activeconstituent in the extract exerting ! COX- 1 inhibition and also had stronginhibitory activity on 5-LO. Osthol was another major inhibitor of 5-LO in Radix Angelicae pubescentis, while in the substitutes falcarindiol wasmainly responsible for the 5-LO inhibitory effect, except in Aralia cordata which also contained other polyacetylene derivatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]