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This paper presents an output feedback indirect dynamic inversion (IDI) approach for a class of uncertain nonaffine systems with input unmodelled dynamics. Compared with previous approaches to achieve performance recovery, the proposed method aims at dealing with a broader class of nonaffine-in-control systems with triangular structure. An IDI state feedback law is designed first, in which less knowledge of the model plant is needed compared to earlier approximate dynamic inversion methods, thus yielding more robust performance. After that, an extended high-gain observer is designed to accomplish the task with output feedback. Finally, we prove that the designed IDI controller is equivalent to an adaptive proportional-integral (PI) controller, with respect to both time response equivalence and robustness equivalence. The conclusion implies that for the studied strict-feedback non-affine systems with unmodelled dynamics, there always exits a PI controller to stabilise the systems. The effectiveness and benefits of the designed approach are verified by three examples. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Abstract This research explores the eudaimonic environmental pursuit of Generation Zers. Although how they can contribute to the environment has gained traction, extant tourism research in this regard largely lags behind. Drawing on self-determination and self-efficacy theories, this inquiry fills this void by proposing a model that delineates a motivation–behavior–goal mechanism to illuminate how pursuits for environmental sustainability can develop into self-actualization. Using an explanatory sequential design, we first undertook a survey-based investigation with data acquired through purposive sampling to sample Generation Zers who had attended a minimum of one green volunteer trip in the prior year. Results first unravel how eudaimonic environmental motivation can induce green travel involvement, leading to environmental citizenship. Exhibiting environmental citizenship presents an avenue to foster environmental goal attainment and subsequent self-actualization, synthesizing a path that depicts behavior-goal-actualization of oneself. The moderating effect of environmental self-efficacy is also warranted. A post-hoc study was followed using semistructured interviews to explore Generation Zers’ eudaimonic environment pursuits and goal attainment. Our findings pave the way for a better understanding of behavioral engagement and pursuits of this rising cohort towards a greener tomorrow. It lays the groundwork to bring personal growth needs for environmental goal attainment to light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]