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Abstract Human-AI conversation provides a natural, unobtrusive, yet under-explored way to investigate trust dynamics in human-AI teams (HATs). In this paper, we modeled dynamic trust evolution in conversations using a novel method, trajectory epistemic network analysis (T-ENA). T-ENA captures the multidimensional aspect of trust (i.e., analytic and affective), and trajectory analysis segments conversations to capture temporal changes of trust over time. Twenty-four participants performed a habitat maintenance task assisted by a conversational agent and verbalized their experiences and feelings after each task. T-ENA showed that agent reliability significantly affected people’s conversations in the analytic process of trust, t ( 38.88 ) = 15.18 , p < 0.001 , Cohen ′ s   d = 4.72 , such as discussing agents’ errors. The trajectory analysis showed that trust dynamics manifested through conversation topic diversity and flow. These results showed trust dimensions and dynamics in conversation should be considered interdependently and suggested that an adaptive conversational strategy for managing trust in HATs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein (SBP)-box consists of a family of transcription factors unique to plants and mediates important roles in plant growth and development. We identified 57 SBP genes in the Brassica juncea (swollen-stem mustard) genome, and analyzed the structural characteristics, evolutionary relationships, as well as their involvement in regulation and response to environmental stress. By the help of phylogenetic analysis, the SBP genes were divided into seven subgroups (G1-G7). Interestingly, most members of the same group shared conserved gene structure and motifs as well as gene duplications. This suggests that their functions are redundant highlighting evolutionary relatedness. Identification of the cis-acting elements of the promoter revealed multiple regulatory elements that responded to phytohormone or abiotic stresses. In addition, data from GO annotation indicated that BjuSBPs play a role in biological processes. Further interrogation of the expression of BjuSBPs in different stages of swollen-stem mustard showed spatiotemporal expression patterns. On the other hand, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) showed that the expression levels of SBP genes at the development stage correlated with their transcriptome data but treatment with phytohormones affected their expression levels. Our study showed that the SBP-box responds to phytohormone signals and the genes might confer different functions in the development of the mustard plant. Our data lay the foundation for further studies evaluating the regulatory mechanisms of SBP-box family of genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transport characteristics of manganese was investigated by soil columns experiments and provide essential data for aquifer remediation and groundwater protection in Yinchuan City. Soil column experiments involved a solution of manganese chloride in which the chloride ion was the chemical tracer. In the two column experiments, the breakthrough curve (BTC) for Cl– revealed the average linear flow velocity (2.937 and 3.921 cm/h) and longitudinal dispersivity (8.52 and 40.09 cm) of the sediment. The BTC of Mn2+ showed a significant delay compared to Cl–. The adsorptive equilibrium isotherm experiments showed that Ca2+ was the main desorption cation in the cation exchange process. The nonlinear retardation factor Rf (RfTM-1 = 13.97, RfTS-1 = 12.89) of Mn2+ is derived from thermodynamic principles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reservoir properties of the fourth member of the Xujiahe Formation in the Western Sichuan Depression are quite poor (average porosity =5.9%, average permeability =1.41 mD). These properties were influenced by several diagenetic processes, especially compaction and carbonate cementation. Due to a combination of compaction of ductile fragments and carbonate cementation, sand/mud interfaces of the thick sandstone layer were tightly cemented, pore space also reduced sharply in positions where rich in ductile grains. Thus, space leaving for hydrocarbon is limited, except where both the detrital ductile grain content and carbonate cement content are low. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on regulation of perspectives based on emotion regulation and intergroup reconciliation. Topics discussed include simplification of social psychological elements for social relationships, growth of reconciliatory attitude through reparation, and escalation of conflict management.

The current study, based on the PERMA model, proposed and examined a hypothetical model exploring the effects of academic self-efficacy, positive relationships, and psychological resilience on university students' life satisfaction. We collected data from a large sample of 1,089 university students in southwest China. The participants completed a battery of self-report questionnaire items measuring academic self-efficacy, positive relationships, psychological resilience, and life satisfaction. The results of the structural equation modeling analysis demonstrated a good fit for our data, suggesting that academic self-efficacy positively predicted university students' life satisfaction through two independent mediators: positive relationships and psychological resilience. Findings yielded from the empirically validated hypothetical model add value to and enrich the PERMA model within a group of Chinese university students. The implications and practical suggestions for improving university students' life satisfaction are discussed in light of these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hydrocarbon production in the Bawu area of Lishu Depression is high. However, the Bawu area has undergone three main tectonic movements, the strata were strongly uplifted and eroded, and the fractures were extremely developed. The conditions of hydrocarbon preservation have become intricate. In this study, by analyzing isotopes compositions and geochemical features of formation water, and the characteristics of formation pressure, the hydrocarbon preservation can be deduced. The subnormal and lower normal pressure zones (away from Xiaokuan Fault) of Yingcheng and Shahezi Formations are relatively closed and more conducive to hydrocarbon preservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paclobutrazol (PP333) can enhance the resistance capabilities of plants to stress conditions. In this study, PP333 were sprayed on the lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) accumulator plant Pseudostellaria maximowicziana, which was planted in Pb-Zn contaminated soil, and the effects of PP333 on Pb and Zn accumulation levels in P. maximowicziana were studied. Spraying 10 mg/L PP333 increased, while 20, 30 and 50 mg/L PP333 decreased, the biomass of P. maximowicziana compared with the control. The 10 mg/L PP333 had no significant effects on the photosynthetic pigment contents of P. maximowicziana compared with the control, while the other doses increased the contents. The activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase) and the Pb and Zn concentrations in P. maximowicziana were increased by PP333 compared with the control. These items had the increase trend with the increase of PP333 concentrations. Only 10 and 20 mg/L PP333 increased the amount of Pb extracted by P. maximowicziana shoots, while all of the doses increased the amount of Zn extracted by P. maximowicziana shoots. Thus, low concentration of PP333 could promote the growth and heavy metal extraction ability of P. maximowicziana shoots, with the 10 mg/L being the best. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]