Search

Copyright of Journal of Natural Fibers is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The giant river catfishSperata seenghalahas huge demand in South Asian countries due to its low number of intramuscular bones and nutritive value. However, the culture practises for this fish have not been standardized and the current demand for this fish is being met by capture fisheries only. Unregulated and indiscriminate fishing would lead overexploitation of fish stocks subsequently stock depletion. Genetic diversity between populations would give insight about population structure and demography. In the present study,S. seenghalastocks from three rivers, namely Ganga, Brahmaputra and Mahanadi were characterized using cytochromebgene and D-loop region. Moderate to high haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity values were observed in all populations. Analysis of molecular variance and pairwiseFSTvalues showed significant genetic differentiation among populations. Patterns of diversity, haplotype networks and mismatch distribution strongly suggest a historical influence on the genetic structure ofS. seenghalapopulations.S. seenghalastocks from these three rivers are genetically distinct units and management measures should be formulated separately for each population. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Network security is a specialized field consisting of the provisions and policies to prevent and monitor unauthorized access, misuse, modification or denial of a computer network and network-accessible resources as well as ensuring their availability through proper procedures. Many security mechanisms tools are being developed and deployed to defend against network attacks and to make the network computing resources available to the legitimate users. In spite of all these efforts, the organizations around the world continue to suffer security attacks specially called denial of service (DoS) attacks. DoS attacks constitute one of the major threats and among the hard security problems in today's Internet. These attacks can easily consume computing and communication resources of the victim or disrupt clog availability of resources to the intended users within a short period of time. The problem is a serious concern in today's network security field. Several defence mechanisms have been proposed to tackle the problem of DoS attacks. This paper highlights a structural way to understand DoS attacks with respect to different layers of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) reference model proposed by International Organization of Standardization. Moreover, various attack vectors, attack tools, and trends in detection and mitigation mechanisms are delineated. The goal of the paper is to communicate an updated perspective of DoS attacks and their detection and mitigation mechanisms for a better understanding of these attacks; consequently more efficient and effective mechanisms to combat these attacks may be developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel synthesis of 2-(1Z)-(3-hydroxy-3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dienyl)-1,4-benzenediol and 1-(3'-methoxypropanoyl)-2,4,5-trimethoxybenzene has been carried out by making use of an easily available starting material, acceleration by MW irradiation and the use of water as a green solvent in the key steps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conversion of 5/7-chloro-4H-1,4-benzothiazines and 1/3-chlorophenothiazines into sulfones is reported. The 5/7-chloro-4H-1,4-benzothiazines were synthesized by the condensation and oxidative cyclization of 2-amino 3/5-chlorobenzenethiol withβdiketones in DMSO. The phenothiazines have been synthesized via Smiles rearrangement by the reaction of 2-amino-3/5-chlorobenzenethiol with halonitrobenzenes. 4H-1,4-Benzothiazine and phenothiazine sulfones have been prepared by the oxidation of benzothiazines and phenothiazines with 30%hydrogen peroxide in glacial acetic acid. The structure of all the synthesized compounds has been confirmed by IR and NMR spectral studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract A hetero-structured composite with remarkable adsorption performance has drawn more attention owing to its splendid performance in environmental applications. The porosity, stability, and specific surface area of Chitosan can be improved by customizing it with the appropriate bio-polymeric adsorbents, which can also exhibit strong adsorption potential. In the Present study, Chitosan (host) was fabricated via in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization strategy in different ratio. The performance of synthesized composites was tested for the adsorption of Tartrazine dye in a batch mode. Results showed a maximum adsorption efficiency of 99.02 ± 1.980% for CS/Ppy-1:1 and 96.70 ± 1.934% for CS/Ppy-1:2 for the removal of Tartrazine dye under an optimum condition (Initial concentration that is 100 mg/L (CS/Ppy-1:1) and 75 mg/L (CS/Ppy-1:2), pH = 5, Temperature = 25 °C, Adsorbent dose = 10 mg). The adsorption isotherm and kinetic fitted well with the Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order respectively. The thermodynamic study revealed that the adsorption of dye is a spontaneous process. Further, Regeneration investigations showed over 65 ± 0.142% regeneration efficiency with 0.1 M NaOH solution, confirming that the desorption was impeccable. The electrostatic force of interaction, hydrogen bonding, surface complexation, and π − π stacking interactions were all implicated in the dye adsorption mechanism on the CS/Ppy composite. Also, the proposed system treats one of the most complex azo dyes using the efficient binary composite and shows successful regeneration/recyclability of adsorbent upto four successive cycles making it a potential adsorbent for large scale upgradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]