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This study has coupled a wave generating model with the existing in-house 3D Large Eddy Simulation (LES) hydrodynamic model. The primary focus is to simulate the hydrodynamics around a circular cylinder under non-linear waves. To accurately capture the behaviour of non-linear waves, a relaxation method is implemented on an unstructured grid, and its effectiveness is examined in a numerical wave tank with a vertical cylinder. To validate the accuracy of the proposed model, we compare the simulation results with experimental data, specifically analysing the transmission of the wave surface across the cylinder and examining the phased-averaged pressure distribution. The simulations also consider the shedding of lee-wake vortices, and the results are extensively discussed. Significantly, this paper represents the first known investigation of hydrodynamics under non-linear waves using the large-eddy simulation technique on unstructured grids. This approach opens up new possibilities for studying complex wave-structure interactions with improved accuracy and realism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rising prominence of social media coupled with a myriad of recent developments in the built-in features has allowed users to instantly share news both within and across their social networks, making news-sharing a savvy trend. Additionally, these platforms have enabled users to share news critical to social and civic responsibilities, as well as political news critical to healthy socio-political function. Given the prominence of citizen-driven digital journalism, even ordinary users and passive receivers of information have a powerful voice in modern society, making news-sharing on social media a significant phenomenon spanning across social, economic, and political boundaries. News-sharing behaviour on social media demands further empirical investigation, especially with respect to the roles of online civic engagement and social influences. Drawing upon Elaboration Likelihood Model and Social Influence Theory, this study proposes a research model to explore individuals' news-sharing behaviour and validates the proposed research model using empirical data collected by a survey of 513 active social media users. Findings confirm that online news quality, news source credibility, perception of online civic engagement, perceived influence on others, and social influence play a crucial role in users' news-sharing behaviours. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed in light of these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although active participation of members is a critical success factor for virtual communities, few members actively participate in activities in virtual communities (e.g., posting, commenting, sharing, etc.). This study explores the differences between passive and active community participation from community cohesiveness and community attachment perspectives. Drawing upon a context-specific cohesiveness-attachment-participation framework based on cognition-affection-conation traits of human psychology, we propose a research model and empirically test the roles of community cohesiveness and attachment in virtual community participation. The results suggest that community members' active participation is positively influenced by both community cohesiveness and community attachment. Visitation, as the passive mode of participation, is influenced by community attachment only. The findings not only inspire future IS research to consider community cohesiveness, attachment, and participation as vital research constructs in other social contexts, but it also helps managers build managerial actions, such as prioritising their limited business resources to increase community members' active participation, for the success of virtual communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As e-commerce transactions increase, impulsive purchases also significantly rise. Although many studies on impulse purchasing behaviours have been conducted, limited studies investigate the effect of unmindfulness on impulse purchasing behaviours in the context of online shopping. In this study, using the three key stages (i.e. cognition-affection-conation) of the classical attitude theory as an overarching framework, we propose a research model to explain the direct and indirect influences of unmindfulness on online consumers' impulse purchasing behaviours. This study mainly examines the relationships among online consumer's unmindfulness and purchasing impulsiveness traits as individual consumer's cognitive characteristics in the cognition stage, emotional attention to the visual appeal and shopping enjoyment of an e-commerce site in the emotional affection stage, and urge to purchase impulsively as a conative factor of online consumers' impulse purchasing behaviour in the conation stage of the theory. Using the Partial Least Square (PLS) technique, we test the proposed model with empirical data collected from online consumers. Based on the findings of the study, we discuss theoretical contributions for e-commerce researchers and practical contributions such as marketing strategy for e-commerce managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The United States higher education is facing a unique challenge in information security management due to its distinctive characteristics, such as decentralised structure, academic freedom, and shared governance. These characteristics sharply distinguish higher education from traditional corporations. Gradually, this is beginning to pose a challenge for higher education institutions to adopt the appropriate information technology governance framework, which, for traditional corporations, mostly addresses security governance and leadership in a top-down manner. To address this issue, we examine the effect of perceived information security management approaches on perceived security practices. Our results show that the perceived flexible-oriented approach of information security management is more effective to use in implementing security controls in high education institutions. This seems to contradict most of the findings in the literature that suggest that a control-oriented approach is more effective in enforcing information security policies. Research contributions and implications are discussed, accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper counts SCI-level journal publications over the period 1980–2016 to rank higher education institutions in South Korea. First, a league table shows that school competitiveness has changed a lot over time, which largely attributes to a flexible mobility of academic professions in recent decades. Second, counting research productivity, after adjusting for school size, shows significant changes in the university ranking. Third, our university ranking, which is based rigidly upon journal publications, differs from widely cited perception-based rankings, so that policy makers in higher education must be cautious in decision making on educational reforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this work is to develop an original semi-coupled approach for solving the Saint-Venant and Exner equation system. The shallow-water equations are solved first to calculate the full evolution of flow fields, and then the Exner equation is solved to model the morphodynamic response. The numerical method is based on a projection method, which consists in combining the momentum and continuity equations in order to establish a Poisson-type equation for water surface levels. The present formulation is identified as a semi-coupled approach because the projection method incorporates the change in the bed evolution in its approximation. A second-order numerical scheme has been proposed using an unstructured finite-volume technique and an implicit time integration method. Several benchmarks are used to demonstrate the capabilities, accuracy and performance of the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sports and their related activities have been ascribed into a new category, "sporting event tourism" where the motivation for traveling is to have a special experience through attending sport events. This study aims to propose a theoretical model, empirically validate the proposed sport event restaurant quality (SeRQ) model, and provide practical insight of tourists and their behavior at a sporting event. The findings will help restaurant managers to understand the tourists they serve and improve their performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has not only affected higher education on a global scale but it has also brought numerous challenges to the higher education community. Although initial responses involved faculties rushing to change their traditional curriculums to fit an online environment, we opine that transitioning contents to an online learning environment is not enough. This article adds to the conversations surrounding the challenges and problems faced by the community and opinions to handle these challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although many e-commerce researchers have studied consumers' shopping behaviors with different perspectives, there is little evidence on whether psychological capital characteristics, such as emotional intelligence, affect online consumers' shopping behaviors. To develop an effective marketing strategy of e-commerce companies, it is crucial to understand the impact of consumers' psychological capital characteristics on their shopping behaviors. Using a cognition-affection-conation framework as an overarching theoretical foundation, this study explores the effect of emotional intelligence (EI) as one of the consumer's psychological capital characteristics on online consumers' value perceptions/shopping behaviors including shopping satisfaction, their continual intention to use the shopping site, and e-loyalty toward the site. Our empirical analysis results show consumers' EI influences online consumers' value perceptions (i.e., utilitarian and hedonic values of e-commerce) and shopping behaviors (i.e., satisfaction, continuous intention, and e-loyalty). We will discuss theoretical and practical contributions of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since online digital game addiction became one of the serious social computing issues related to public health, there has been an unprecedented need to explore and understand online digital game addiction from a psychosocial perspective. Extant studies have empirically tested the effects of as well as the relationship among prominent psychological distresses such as depression, loneliness and aggression on game addiction. Likewise, previous studies have also empirically established that social interaction may take a different form and alter the social exchanges in ways that may be particularly attractive to those who are lonely. This way, online social interaction within the interfaces of digital games such as MMORPGs can become a substitute for real-life social interaction because of the online anonymity and lack of physical presence which allow users to control social interaction. However, a few studies have explored the relationships among individuals' need for online social interaction, interpersonal incompetence and self-regulation (control) and their effects on game addiction. In addition, the mediating role of individuals' need for online social interaction in online digital game addiction has neither been proposed nor empirically tested. The main purpose of this study is to examine digital game addiction from the perspectives of individuals' need for online social interaction, interpersonal incompetence, self-regulation and loneliness. We believe that the findings of this study will offer new insights to policymakers in dealing with the issues of digital game addiction. More specifically, the purpose of this study is to understand the mediation effect of individuals' need for online social interaction on game addiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the impact of culture on trust determinants in computer-mediated commerce transactions. Adopting trust-building foundations from cross-culture literature and focusing on a set of well-established cultural constructs as groups of culture (Type I and Type II), this study develops a theoretical model of self-perception-based versus transference-based consumer trust in e-vendors, and empirically tests the model using cross-cultural data. The results show that transference-based trust determinants (i.e., "perceived importance of third-party seal" and "perceived importance of positive referral") are more positively related to consumer trust in e-vendors in a Type II (i.e., collectivist--strong uncertainty avoidance--high long-term orientation--high context) culture than in a Type I (i.e., individualistic--weak uncertainty avoidance--low long-term orientation--low context) culture. Unlike the initial hypothesized expectations, self-perception-based trust determinants (i.e., perceived security protection, perceived privacy concern, and perceived system reliability) do not show stronger roles to consumer trust in e-vendors in a Type I culture than in a Type II culture, although the stronger negative effect of perceived privacy concerns is observed on consumer trust in e-vendors in a Type I culture than in a Type II culture. Theoretical contributions for e-commerce cross-culture literature and implications for multinational online business managers are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Financial technology (Fintech) services using emerging technology such as the Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming more prevalent. The recent proliferation of the mobile payment sector led by innovative mobile Fintech payment services such as Apple Pay and Samsung Pay is the most important and fastest growing Fintech services from consumers' perspective. Although businesses have been making efforts to spread the use of the services, security is crucial in the diffusion of the services. Despite the importance, the role of perceived security in continuous intention to use mobile, Fintech services has not yet been investigated in depth. Thus, this study investigates the relationships between perceived security, knowledge regarding the services, confirmation, perceived usefulness, and satisfaction. We propose a research model using an extended post-acceptance model (EPAM) as a theoretical framework in the context of Fintech services. We then validate the model using the data collected from the service users. The analyzed results show that knowledge and perceived security in mobile Fintech services have a significant influence on users' confirmation and perceived usefulness. However, perceived security does not directly influence users' satisfaction and continual intention to use. We further find significant relationships among confirmation, perceived usefulness, satisfaction, and continual intention to use of the services. We discuss theoretical and practical contributions of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pesticides are used to increase crop yields and preserve quality by protecting crops against pests; however, their overuse can adversely affect human health and the environment. Herein, we report the development of a multi-pesticide screening method using optimized QuEChERS coupled with liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) mass spectrometry for the analysis of 13 pesticides in wheat flour. Mass accuracies with errors of less than 2.4 ppm were obtained for all analysed pesticides, and the method provided satisfactory recovery and linearity. Repeatabilities of 0.3–12.7% and reproducibilities of 2.5–15.2% were observed in full-scan TOF mode. The performance of the developed full-scan TOF method was compared to that obtained in high-resolution multiple reaction monitoring (MRM-HR) mode. The limits of quantification for the full-scan TOF and MRM-HR modes ranged from 2 to 10, and 3 to 9 μg kg−1, respectively. The two quantification methods exhibited high sensitivities (limit of detections: 1–3 μg kg−1 in full-scan TOF, and 1–3 μg kg−1 for MRM-HR mode). No pesticide residues were detected when the developed method was applied to 22 real wheat flour samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of emerging mycotoxins in cereals (n = 61) and cereal-based products (n = 36) collected from Korean market. First of all, using the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) extraction method, and ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography (UPLC) with triple quadruple tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), we developed a simple and fast method for quantitative determination of eight emerging mycotoxins including alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), tentoxin (TEN), beauvericin (BEA) and enniatins (ENs; ENA, ENA1, ENB and ENB1). The developed analytical method was validated in parameters of linearity, precision and accuracy. For UPLC-MS/MS analysis, the recoveries of emerging mycotoxins from spiked samples at three concentration levels ranged from 82.7% to 108.8% with RSDs between 0.4% and 14.7%. Analytical methods were applied to determine the contamination of mycotoxins in cereal and cereal-based product samples. Sixty-three of the total 97 samples were contaminated with at least one emerging mycotoxin. The maximum number of emerging mycotoxins observed in a single sample was six out of eight analytes. The highest level of contamination was detected in cereal at 70.9 μg/kg for alternariol monomethyl ether (AME). However, currently there is no international standard for emerging mycotoxins in food. Accordingly, it is necessary to establish a database of emerging mycotoxins contamination through continuous monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevalence of cybercrimes threatens internet enabled services such as e-commerce, search engines, and social media. This results in individuals having to evaluate the risk of malware before making decisions to click-through internet links. Drawing on two theoretical frameworks in trust in online transactions and risky decision-making, we propose a research model that incorporates both trust and risk frameworks to explain how individuals cultivate click-through intention. We offer theoretical and practical contributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to provide basic data as part of a project to distinguish naturally occurring organic acids from added preservatives. Accordingly, we investigated naturally occurring levels of sorbic, benzoic and propionic acids in fish and their processed commodities. The levels of sorbic, benzoic and propionic acids in 265 fish and their processed commodities were determined by highperformance liquid chromatography-photodiode detection array (HPLC-PDA) of sorbic and benzoic acids and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) of propionic acid. For propionic acid, GCMS was used because of its high sensitivity and selectivity in complicated matrix samples. Propionic acid was detected in 36.6% of fish samples and 50.4% of processed fish commodities. In contrast, benzoic acid was detected in 5.6% of fish samples, and sorbic acid was not detected in any sample. According to the Korean Food and Drug Administration (KFDA), fishery products and salted fish may only contain sorbic acid in amounts up to 2.0 g kg-1 and 1.0 g kg-1, respectively. The results of the monitoring in this study can be considered violations of KFDA regulations (total 124; benzoic acid 8, propionic acid 116). However, it is difficult to distinguish naturally generated organic acids and artificially added preservatives in fishery products. Therefore, further studies are needed to extend the database for distinction of naturally generated organic acids and added preservatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We evaluated organosulphur compounds in Allium vegetables, including garlic, elephant garlic and onion, using high-performance liquid chromatography. Among organosulphur compounds, elephant garlic had considerable γ-glutamyl peptides, and garlic had the highest alliin content. Onion had low level of organosulphur compounds than did elephant garlic and garlic. In addition, antioxidant capacities were evaluated by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) values and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assay. The results showed that garlic had the highest antioxidant capacity, followed by elephant garlic and onion. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between antioxidant activities and organosulphur compounds (R > 0.77). Therefore, our results indicate that there was a close relationship between antioxidant capacity and organosulphur compounds in Allium vegetables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exploring digital game addiction from a psychosocial perspective has gained much attention because digital game addiction is a serious social computing issue related to public health. A number of studies have empirically tested the effects of depression and loneliness on aggression, but few studies have explored the relationships among the psychosocial constructs (i.e., depression, loneliness, and aggression) and their effects on game addiction. In addition, the mediating role of aggression in digital game addiction has neither been proposed nor empirically tested. Moreover, although the psychological constructs related to game addiction have been proposed as multidimensional concepts and digital game addiction itself has been suggested as a multidimensional construct, few studies have been proposed and conducted using multidimensional constructs. This study sought to fill these gaps by proposing an integrated model of digital game addiction from a psychosocial health perspective. In particular, this study had three objectives: (1) to propose a second-order game addiction model addressing the relationships among loneliness, depression, aggression, and game addiction as multidimensional constructs and presenting aggression as a mediator between other psychosocial constructs and game addiction; (2) to empirically validate the proposed model using survey data obtained from actual online game users; and (3) to provide new insights for game policymakers in dealing with the digital game addiction issues. Based on the empirical findings, the theoretical contributions and practical implications are discussed herein. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Previous studies emphasized that e-businesses could increase sales with marketing strategies on shopping web sites that induce impulsive buying behavior, and lacked an empirical approach to problems caused by impulsive buying. This study proposes a research model that deals with online consumers’ impulsive buying behavior and empirically validates it. The results show that impulsive buying could have a strong impact on post e-commerce purchase intention and behavior such as actual behavioral return tendency of goods. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This study investigates the comprehensive organosulphur compounds and evaluation of antioxidant activities in Allium hookeri, called hooker chive. The non-volatile and volatile organosulphur compounds were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. Among 11 non-volatileorganosulphur compounds, methiin and cycloalliin were major compounds. A total of 42 volatile compounds were identified and allyl methyl sulphides and dimethyl sulphides were primarily volatiles. The total phenols ranged from 19.32 to 71.19 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g. The antioxidant capacities expressed IC50 values ranged from 9.59 to 38.54 mg/mL for DPPH radical scavenging activity and from 0.39 to 2.36 for ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. The results were proposed as useful tools for evaluating the nutraceutical of hooker chive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobile technology together with Internet-based electronic commerce has transformed the way businesses operate. Mobile Customer Relationship Management (mCRM) combines mobility and CRM (customer relationship management) to enable organizations to increase their business performance by delivering better products/services to their customers. Incorporating location-based information into CRM systems has created new values and business opportunities. Using location information, for example, businesses can offer more personalized and real-time location-based services (LBS) to their customers. In this study, we investigate how the IT infrastructure and LBS support of mCRM, as technical resource capabilities, and mCRM knowledge and education, as human resource capabilities, can enhance business performance of the organization by improving mCRM's quality dimensions. We propose a research model that integrates the resource-based view(RBV) of a firm and DeLone and McLean IS success model to investigate the effects of mCRM quality dimensions on business performance. To validate the proposed research model, we collected a set of empirical data from managers in a wide range of organizations that use mCRM in South Korea. The results indicate that the IT infrastructure of an organization as a technical resource, along with mCRM users' knowledge, as a human resource capability can significantly influence managers' perceptions of quality along various dimensions of mCRM: customer data quality, system quality, and service quality. Consequently, improving these quality dimensions will significantly influence the performance of an organization in terms of financial performance, productivity, and customer satisfaction. The present study would help both academic and professionals to understand and improve business performance by employing the appropriate resources that can harness the full potential of mCRM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trust is considered as a critical enabler in reducing consumer concerns regarding e-commerce transactions. Another enabler that helps reduce consumers' concerns is Web Assurance Seal Services (WASS). We suggest that both factors help in the reduction of a critical hindrance to e-commerce, namely consumer concerns, and foster e-commerce transactions. Prior research has focused on trust in e-commerce, and separately, on the effectiveness of WASS within certain nations or cultures. However, given that e-commerce is now a global phenomenon we contend that the national or cultural characteristics of consumers are important to understand. This comparative national research attempts to fill this gap. This study makes the following contributions: It identifies a hindrance (i.e., consumers' concerns), and two enablers (i.e., effectiveness of WASS and trust) in e-commerce technologies as a shopping channel (i.e., trust in e-Channel). It proposes consumers' concerns for e-commerce as a second-order three-dimensional construct (i.e., security, privacy, and business integrity concern) and compares the effects of trust in e-Channel and WASS on consumers' e-commerce transaction intention in two different national/cultural contexts (i.e., the U.S.A. and South Korea). The results of the study indicate that the perceived effectiveness of WASS of the U.S. consumers has a strong positive impact on their transaction intention and has a strong negative influence on their concerns for e-commerce. In contrast, Korean consumers' perceived effectiveness of WASS does not significantly influence their transaction intention and their concerns for e-commerce. The results of group comparison analysis confirm that the strength of perceived effectiveness of WASS of the U.S. consumers is significantly stronger than that of Korean consumers. Interpretations from a cross-national perspective, theoretical and practical implications as well as limitations are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the wide popularity of mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets, mobile shopping, which can be conducted anytime and anywhere, has received increased attention and strengthened beyond expectations. This study investigates the factors influencing the use of mobile shopping (m-shopping) value from personality, usability, and technology perspectives. The m-shopping value that users experience during m-shopping can be divided into utilitarian value and hedonic value. The results show that personalization, self-efficacy, intimacy, simplicity, mobility, and connectivity have considerable influence on m-shopping value. More specifically, the personalization, simplicity, and connectivity of m-shopping influence utilitarian value, as well as hedonic value and shopping value, influences m-shopping use. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This study proposes a research model elucidating the effects of core service satisfaction, additional value-added service satisfaction, and switching barriers as determinants of portal loyalty and tests the model using empirical data collected from game portal users. The results suggest that different service satisfaction and switching barriers are strong antecedents of p-loyalty; the moderating effect of switching barriers on the relationship between satisfactions and p-loyalty is contingent on the portal users’ usage patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Trust in e-commerce is a multilevel construct (intrapersonal, system, and interpersonal), and trust building is a dynamic evolutionary process that can be adjusted over time when additional evidence of new interactions becomes available. From a consumer's perspective in a business-to-consumer e-commerce context, there are at least two trustees: the Internet as a shopping channel (the e-channel-system level) and an Internet selling party or Internet vendor (the e-vendor-interpersonal level) as a business partner. Understanding the multilevel and dynamic nature of trust in e-commerce is important because it not only provides practical insights that can be used to further enhance the online experiences for both online managers and consumers but also extends our conceptual foundations of trust. Although the multilevel and dynamic nature of trust is a crucial characteristic of trust in e-commerce, there is little empirical research. To fill this knowledge gap, this study proposes a multilevel model of e-channel and e-vendor trust, including trust propensity (intrapersonal level) from a cross-stage (pre- and postpurchase) perspective. This study also proposes a relatively new construct, the consumer's perceived delivery fulfillment in e-commerce. Implications of the findings for theory and practice as well as limitations and avenues for future study are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]