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The main source of cellulose/nanocellulose plants (lignocellulose) depends on the origin, type, and environmental condition the cellulose (Ebitsubo et al. [6]; Wang et al. [36]). FESEM images of extracted nanocellulose by three % of alkali and acid methods: (A) NaOH(5%)+H2SO4(50%); (b) NaOH (5%)+H2SO4(50%)+Ethanol+Sonication; and (C) NaOH (10%)+H2SO4(65%) Figure 2 presents the micrographs and EDX data of optimized extracted nano cellulose, commercial cellulose, and egg tray powder to understand the morphological differences. Highlights Extraction of nanocellulose fibers from local bio-waste egg trays Extracted cellulose is similar and extremely cheaper than commercial nanocellulose Chemical and mechano-ball mill process used for the extraction of nanocellulose Footnotes 1 AbbreviationsEgg tray powder (ETP); Commercial Nano-cellulose (CNC); Extracted Nano-cellulose (ENC). Keywords: Bio-waste; egg trays; chemical treatment; morphology; crystallinity; ; ; ; ; EN Bio-waste egg trays chemical treatment morphology crystallinity ZH 8582 8592 11 11/21/22 20221220 NES 221220 Introduction Cellulose is the most attractive material for both scientists and industry because of its abundant, renewable, biodegradable, biocompatible, recycling resources on the earth (Mohamed et al. [20]; Mohanty, Misra, and Drzal [21]). [Extracted from the article]