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An optimum reagent was selected to decontaminate the radioactive soil near nuclear facilities by using the developed vertical electrokinetic-flushing equipment, and the optimum remediation conditions were established to obtain a higher remediation efficiency and a minimum waste-solution volume. Namely, the acetic acid was selected as an optimum reagent due to its higher remediation efficiency. The average removal efficiency by a vertical electrokinetic-flushing remediation was 4.6% more than that by a vertical electrokinetic remediation. The optimum remediation conditions were suggested to be when the acetic concentration is 0.01 M, the injection rate of the reagent is 2.4 ml/g and the remediation period is 20 days for the vertical electrokinetic-flushing equipment of a 8.3 L volume. In these conditions, the removal efficiencies of Co2+ and Cs+ were 98.3% and 88.8%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrogen separation by the four-bed PSA process using layered beds of activated carbon and zeolite 5A was investigated experimentally and theoretically to recover high purity H2 from steam methane reforming off-gas. The recovery increased with increasing the residence time at given product purity because of the contact time between the impurities and the adsorbents is increased. The difference of increasing the recovery became smaller with increasing the residence time and then the recovery was not increased after 43.6 seconds of the residence time. The minimum residence time exists to obtain the maximum recovery at desired product purity (99.999%+). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efficient two-photon absorbing chromophore based on dithienothiophene has been synthesized and its two-photon absorption cross section (σ2) was evaluated by two-photon induced fluorescence excitation spectroscopy. The chromophore obtained shows a sizable two-photon absorption cross section value of 618 GM at 700 nm. By using one- and two-photon spectroscopic experiment, two-photon absorption properties of the chromophore with the electronic transition dipole moment and one- and two-photon transition energies were evaluated. Besides, we have demonstrated the successful application of this compound in fabrication of 2D and 3D microobjects by using two-photon microfabrication technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]