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Poor mental health is a global concern and is exacerbated by recent challenges concerning COVID-19 and the climate emergency, with significant consequences to individuals and to society. Increasing evidence demonstrates that nature-based approaches (NBAs) have numerous benefits to mental health services and the people they support with mental health needs. Despite these benefits, understanding how to integrate these approaches into practice is challenging. In this paper, we report our findings from a recent qualitative study with staff from a CAMHS inpatient unit who had recently undergone NatureWell Facilitator training. This is a particular approach to working with people in nature developed by The Natural Academy. Participants identified the importance of implementation of discreet, novel NBAs, as well as integrating nature into current practice, the benefits when fostering psychologically safe and therapeutic relationships with staff, and the clinical and operational factors when carrying out NBAs in these settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Donnai Barrow Syndrome (DBS) is a rare, multi-system autosomal recessively inherited disorder of relevance to ophthalmologists. To aim to describe the ocular phenotype using multimodal imaging for two cases of genetically confirmed DBS and compare against the published phenotype. Retrospective case series of two unrelated patients with DBS and review of the literature. Both cases were referred to our tertiary unit for laser prophylaxis against retinal detachment. There was extreme high myopia greater than 20 dioptres without rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Anterior segment features included iris transillumination and ciliary body hypoplasia. Posterior segment changes included previously described changes of optic nerve hypoplasia and a strikingly abnormal appearance of the fundus consisting of multiple bilateral giant posterior vortex veins (PVV). The mouse model shows a similar phenotype. Ectopic vortex veins of the choroid expand the phenotype of DBS and can be helpful in distinguishing the differential diagnosis of high myopia in children. Posterior vortex veins have been described in adult high myopia as acquired but our cases suggest that they could be congenital. Orbital manipulation and hypotony during surgery should be avoided to minimise complications. The evidence to recommend prophylactic laser retinopexy in these cases is inconclusive, and overall we recommend that conservative management should be considered using wide-angle retinal imaging in the clinic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic inflammatory skin disorders are frequently associated with impaired skin barrier function. Selective phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibition constitutes an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases. We now report the pharmacological anti-inflammatory profile of DRM02, a novel pyrazolylbenzothiazole derivative with selective in vitro inhibitory activity toward PDE4 isoforms A, B and D. DRM02 treatment of cultured primary human and mouse epidermal keratinocytes interfered with pro-inflammatory cytokine production elicited by interleukin-1α and tumor necrosis factor-α. Similarly, DRM02 inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells ex vivo and cultured THP-1 monocyte-like cells, with IC50 values of 0.6–14 µM. These anti-inflammatory properties of DRM02 were associated with dose-dependent repression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcriptional activity. In skin inflammation in vivo mouse models, topically applied DRM02 inhibited the acute response to phorbol ester and induced Th2-type contact hypersensitivity reactivity. Further, DRM02 also decreased cutaneous clinical changes and expression of Th17 immune pathway cytokines in a mouse model of psoriasis evoked by repeated topical imiquimod application. Thus, the overall pharmacological profiling of the PDE4 inhibitor DRM02 has revealed its potential as a topical therapy for inflammatory skin disorders and restoration of skin homeostasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: SMART Recovery provides cognitive behavior therapy based mutual support groups for addictions. The aim of the present study was to explore the impact of cognitive behavior skill use and the influence of a person's social network on psychological distress.Method: Paper based surveys were mailed out to 121 SMART Recovery groups across Australia. A sample of 75 SMART Recovery group members participated. Measures of social network size and composition, psychological distress and cognitive behavior skill use were collected.Results: There are high rates of self-reported mental illness within SMART Recovery respondents. Use of behavioral skills and social network influence was significantly associated with level of psychological distress.Discussion: The current results indicate that engaging in behavioral activation and having a social network of non-drinking or non-using people is associated with lower levels of psychological distress. Given the high rates of self-reported comorbid mental illness in this population, it is important research continues to explore the role of specific cognitive behavioral therapy components and social networks on recovery within mutual support groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Local health departments play a critical role in the community they serve as they are the foundation of the U.S. public health system providing services such as immunizations to the less affluent and advocating for state smoking bans. Research indicates public health expenditures improve overall health of the population. Importantly, a healthier population may lead to efficiency gains for surrounding health care providers. We use a two-stage semi-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis to estimate the effects of public health spending on the technical efficiency of the surrounding hospitals. Our results indicate hospitals operating in an area with a high level of per capita public health expenditures experience gains in efficiency of approximately 1.67 percentage points relative to hospitals in low spending areas suggesting a $20 billion in annual savings due to increased hospital efficiency. We also found that the more traditional approaches using the biased estimate for technical efficiency yielded the same conclusions with less computational burdens. Abbreviation: WHO: World Health Organization; NACCHO: National Association of City and County Health Organization; DEA: Data Envelopment Analysis; CMS: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services; FTE: Full time equivalent; AHRF: Area Health Resource Files; MSA: Metropolitan Statistical Area; AHA: American Hospital Association [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This phenomenological inquiry investigated the experiences of 13 transgender individuals living in Houston, Texas, when an ordinance providing protections for transgender persons was passed and later repealed. The six themes garnered from the data were (a) from feeling ecstatic to devastated to fearful; (b) being dehumanized, labeled, and violated; (c) being abandoned and singled out for discrimination; (d) being depicted as threat in public restrooms; (e) having fears and hopes for equality; and (f) defending the humanity of transgender people. Implications for clinical practice, advocacy, and future studies are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

No abstract available for this article. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The depth of research regarding the connections between social media, individual wellbeing, and relationship conduct is growing with each passing year. As a new medium that provides connection with others and offers the ability to represent oneself, social media can provide simple, easily digested modes of understanding to individuals and groups. However, both Internet “trolls” and extremist groups have successfully spread fear, anger, and misinformation among those who seek answers online. They do so by creating content that looks trustworthy and is easily shared, encouraging emotional tumult, and in some cases, advocating for violence. Counselors need to add their voices and knowledge to the broader discussion of these dynamics and how they impact the clients they encounter in their communities. In this article, the authors aggregate research from various fields in order to promote counselor attention to these matters, encourage social action and advocacy among counselors, and provide early recommendations which counselors can incorporate into their practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Developmental macular disorders are a heterogeneous group of rare retinal conditions that can cause significant visual impairment from childhood. Among these disorders, autosomal dominant North Carolina macular dystrophy (NCMD) has been mapped to 6q16 (MCDR1) with recent support for a non-coding disease mechanism ofPRDM13. A second locus on 5p15-5p13 (MCDR3) has been implicated in a similar phenotype, but the disease-causing mechanism still remains unknown. Methods: Two families affected by a dominant developmental macular disorder that closely resembles NCMD in association with digit abnormalities were included in the study. Family members with available DNA were genotyped using the Affymetrix GeneChip Human Mapping 250K Sty array. A parametric multipoint linkage analysis assuming a fully penetrant dominant model was performed using MERLIN. Haplotype sharing analysis was carried out using the non-parametric Homozygosity Haplotype method. Whole-exome sequencing was conducted on selected affected individuals. Results: Linkage analysis excludedMCDR1from the candidate regions (LOD < –2). There was suggestive linkage (LOD = 2.7) at two loci, including 9p24.1 and 5p15.32 that overlapped withMCDR3. The haplotype sharing analysis in one of the families revealed a 5 cM shared IBD segment at 5p15.32 (pvalue = 0.004). Whole-exome sequencing did not provide conclusive evidence for disease-causing alleles. Conclusions: These findings do not exclude that this phenotype may be allelic with NCMDMCDR3at 5p15 and leave the possibility of a non-coding disease mechanism, in keeping with recent findings on 6q16. Further studies, including whole-genome sequencing, may help elucidate the underlying genetic cause of this phenotype and shed light on macular development and function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An essay is presented that reviews two books on the First Indochina War that focuses on the relation of the Viet Minh nationalist movement in Vietnam to China and the Soviet Union. The books "Vietnam: un état né de la guerre, 1945-1954," by Christopher Goscha, and "Embers of War: The Fall of an Empire and the Making of America's Vietnam," by Fredrik Logevall, are reviewed.

The fecundity and life table parameters of Campoletis sonorensis females were measured using thirty 4-day-old Trichoplusia ni larvae daily at 24°C, 60% RH and a photoperiod of 12 h L:12 h D. The mean longevity was 34.5±2.8 days, the mean oviposition period was 22.7±1.9 days, and the mean constant oviposition period and the mean post-oviposition period were 15.9±1.3 and 11.9±2.2 days, respectively. The mean realised fecundity and the mean fertility differed significantly at 66.9±7.8 and 60.4±7.8 parasitoids per female, respectively. The mean sex ratio for the mean oviposition period (23 days) was 0.13±0.07, indicating a highly female biased ratio. The life table parameters were: intrinsic rate of natural increase (r m), 0.135 female/day; gross reproductive rate (GRR), 50.30; net reproductive rate (R o), 49.96; finite capacity for increase (λ), 1.14 female/day; mean generation time (T), 28.97 days; doubling time (DT), 5.13; capacity for increase (r c), 0.33; and cohort generation time (T c), 11.69. Campoletis sonorensis may be a suitable candidate for a biocontrol program of T. ni populations mostly because the primary selection criterion, rm , obtained for this parasitoid can be similar to or larger than the rate obtained for T. ni. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article offers information on the role of chelation-controlled directed ortho-metalation reactions on the preparation of 4,6-dihalo-3-arylisobenzofuran-1(3H)-ones from 3,5-dihalo-n-ethylbenzamides. It reveals the use of secondary amides derived from 3,5 dihalobenzoic acids that are useful for the preparation of highly ring-functionalized derivatives of 3,5-dihalobenzoic acids. Moreover, it explores tetrahydrofuran that was purchased as anhydrous (Fluka) and placed under nitrogen from Acros Organics NV.

Evidence shows divergent perceptions of the wolf in different parts of the world. The populations of Asia, the Near East and the indigenous peoples of North America see the wolf positively, as an ideal hunter, warrior and survivor in the wilderness, although shepherds and animal-herders in these regions seem to have an ambivalent attitude towards the animal. Among many of the peoples mentioned above, there appears to be a desire to emulate the wolf, and magical powers have been attributed to the animal and to his body parts. On the other hand, the wolf is feared as a ravenous beast by the populations of Europe and by European immigrants to America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colour associations are analysed indirectly by a study of oral traditions and legends, using methods developed in structural anthropology. Colours are considered not in isolation, but mainly in contrasting pairs or in sequences. It has been found that a specific colour could have different associations in different conditions, and that generally the associations are more abstract than concrete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We use terror management theory (TMT) to show that the nature of the threatening consequences included in fear-appeal communications influences the responses to the messages promoted in such communications. On the basis of differences between death-related consequences and non-death-related consequences, they provide an explanation for maladaptive responses to fear appeals. Results from 2 experiments indicate that participants who were highly committed to a worldview of drinking alcohol rejected socially acceptable attitudes toward drinking and driving when the message containing such attitudes was accompanied by a fear appeal that contained death as a consequence, but not when fear appeals contained the fear of arrest or serious injury. Participants perceived their level of experienced fear to be the same across the experimental conditions. The results have implications for considering the qualitative nature of the threatening consequence in fear-appeal research and for using TMT to understand maladaptive responses to fear-appeal communications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Written evidence from the hunting folk literature of the Caucasus is presented together with the suggestion that the origin of the unicorn lies in hunting mythology and that remnants of it are to be seen in the figures in "The Lady and the Unicorn" tapestries in France. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines the crania dating back from the early Clovis culture recovered from the Anzick archaeological site in Park County, Montana. Dating of the late Pleistocene and early Holocene fossil bones using accelerator mass spectrometry C-14; Osteology and taphonomy of the human bone fragments; Electron microprobe analyses of bone and ocher material.

Why is the issue of repatriation relevant for Malaysian expatriates and Malaysian Multinational Enterprises as well as for expatriates from other developing nations? Repatriation is in need of further examination, as it pertains to people of all nations, not just to Westerners serving Western enterprises abroad. For example, Malaysian expatriates are in increasing demand by Malaysian enterprises which are growing into regional and global competitors. The focus here is on presenting a framework and model for future research into the study of repatriation's relevance to developing nations. Extensive interview and questionnaire data were gathered on six Malaysian expatriates, three academics who studied abroad, and three business people who were assigned overseas. These data were consolidated to form two composite Malaysian to present a framework and model of repatriation that is flexible enough to systematize research and be adapted for practical use in developing nations as well as for comparative research purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Understanding cultures, ours and others, can make for better managers. Employees, customers, investors, suppliers, and other stakeholders are increasingly becoming members of other cultures. Therefore students as future managers need to learn how to understand their own and other cultures and learn about cross-cultural attitudes and relationships if they hope to get effective results out of mixed-culture stakeholders such as these. Improved ways of teaching an awareness of cultural differences are crucial to the development of effective managers and one such procedure begun by Hunt and Allen (1992) provided the basis for our study. Like Hunt and Allen (1992) we continue to focus on the reduction of student cultural hostility; however, we also include improvements to their design of a structured learning experience. A continued theme is one of how cultural awareness could be hampered where critical events between two nations have contributed to building mistrust and cultural hostility. Samuel Huntington's (1993) article in Foreign Affairs, published since Hunt and Allen, has triggered a plethora of debate about whether the next great clash of civilizations, post ‘cold war,’ will be between Islamic and Western cultures. Cultural misunderstandings and even cross-cultural hostility is often fueled by this type of bi-polar debate which pits two great civilizations against each other. Hunt and Allen (1992) described the use of the case of author Salman Rushdie's being placed under a “fatwa” or death threat, as a tool for reducing Western students hostility toward the Moslem culture of Iran. We updated the Rushdie case to include the socio-political changes that have occurred in since 1992, including the Huntington materials. We also went further than Hunt and Allen (1992) by adding another important element, the issue of being discouraged from teaching about culturl differences because of an apparently homogenous classroom, espicially in rural universities. When there appears to be very little cultural diversity to work with and build on in the classroom, classroom discussions suffer. One reason for this apparent lack of intereset may well lie in the homogenous nature of the students in the classroom itself. With the help of measures for determining the real level of classroom homogeneity, some elements of subcultural diversity are identified in our classroom which were not examined by Hunt and Allen (1992). We hope these feelings will reduce instructor reluctance to teach about ‘cultural differences’ in homogeneous classes. Some suggestions are also provided in our conclusions to assist in researching the issues of cultural hostility and classroom homogeneity further. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigates a genetic defect that is responsible for porphyria in the British and German royal families. Pathophysiology of the disorder; Common forms of porphyria; Signs and symptoms exhibited by royals afflicted with acquired porphyria; Evidence for porphyria in the royal families.

Describes the ways of identifying implicit theories of teaching and learning. Enhancement of self-knowledge; Emphasis on the personal validity of implicit theories; Development of personal constructs.

Presents an engineering design for assembly heuristics to reduce acquisition times associated with handling distance and component orientation. Interaction between workstation design factors and the product; Sources of workstation assembly difficulty; Ideal relocation of a component in an assembly.

The article presents a complex interpretation of the political views of peasants in the French Revolution. Traditional rural culture of peasants was capable of fostering revolutionary as well as conservative choices. Intra-communal and regional differences did not rule peasant solidarity that they express in many forms. The achievements and limitations of peasant autonomy are discussed. Research on the rural role of peasants is presented, following criticisms against Marxist interpretations of the French Revolution.

An awareness of cultural differences is essential to effective managemenl in today's globalizing markelplace. However, awareness can-be hampered where critical-events between two nations have built mistrust and cultural hoslility. If we hope to teach others about cultural differences we need to reduce this cultural hostilily. This article describes the generally successful use of author Salman Rushdie's case as a tool for reducing Western students hostility toward the Moslem culture of Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Survey textbook treatments of the governments and peoples of North and South Vietnam provide a barometer of the wisdom achieved by a genention of U.S. scholarship on the Vietnam War. In their discussions of the August Revolution and of the 1953–56 land reform and the Air War in the North and the Diem and Thieu regimes in the South, these books rework old controvenies, thereby demonstrating the pertinence and limits of received paradigm. In particular, the war crimes debate, driven forward by the “Winter Soldiers” and others, continues to serve as a point of reference for understanding U.S. intervention and war-induced changes in Vietnam. An analysis of social consequences helps to situate the Vietnamese in the Vietnam War and the war in Vietnam's modern history. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Shows how a teacher identifies his or her own learning style-instruction style matching models through a practice-to-theory approach. Completion of a summary sheet of person, behavior, and environment concepts; Analysis of student characteristics, learning outcomes, and teaching approaches.

Describes how to identify one's own implicit theories of teaching and learning. Need for theories of teaching and learning to be based on classroom experience; Presentation of a workshop that will help identify theories; Workshop purposes and principles; Steps involved in the workshop.

Emphasizes the need for inservice teacher training to become more responsive to the needs of teachers and students. Examples of inservice training activities that are likely to make a difference in teacher training; Development of a principle for matching educational approach to the student; Characterization of inservice training as persons-in-relation.

PURPOSE. This study was aimed at determining whether or not apoptotic photoreceptor cell death in a mouse model of inherited retinal degeneration is p53 dependent. METHODS. A colony of p53-deficient rds mice were obtained by crossing homozygous rds mice with animals homozygous for a targeted disruption of the p53 gene and genotyping the off-spring of the F1 cross. Both parental strains were on a BALB/c background. Age matched p53-deficient rds mice and controls (p53-deficient, rds and BALB/c mice), were sacrificed from day 1 to day 58 after birth. Eyes were paraffin-embedded and a modified terminal dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) technique was used to detect the number of cells displaying DNA fragmentation within the sectioned retina. Eyes were also resin-embedded for semi-thin and ultra-thin sectioning. RESULTS. The peak in photoreceptor apoptosis, which occurs at 16 days in the rds mouse, was delayed by 3 days in p53-deficient rds mice. In addition, there was also a delay in the loss of photoreceptor cells between 16 and 26 days. However, absence of p53 did not prevent retinal degeneration in the rds mouse. The number of photoreceptor cells in p53-deficient rds mice at 35 days was very similar to that in the controls. CONCLUSIONS. We have demonstrated that absence of p53 delays but does not prevent photoreceptor cell loss in the rds mouse. Our results provide evidence for plasticity in the mechanism by which apoptosis proceeds in retinal degeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]