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The compositions of the essential oils of wild Daucus carota L. (Apiaceae) from the ripe fruits, unripe fruits, flowers, root, leaves, and stem, collected in Serbia, were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The oils from all samples contained α-pinene (7.05–51.23%) and sabinene (2.68–36.69%) as major constituents. The other dominant compound in ripe and unripe fruits essential oil was α-muurolene (8.23–10.97%). Antibacterial and antifungal properties of these oils, against eight bacterial and eight fungal strains, were tested by a microdilution technique. The most prominent biological activity was achieved by isolated essential oils of ripe and unripe fruits of D. carota. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of physical and chemical features on metabolic production in plant cell culture. The best multiplication of Frangula alnus Mill. shoots (8.84 ± 1.11) was obtained on woody plant medium (WPM) medium with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (0.1 mg l -1 ) and 6-benzylaminapurine (BAP) (1.0 mg l -1 ), but the highest metabolite production (1731 mg/100 g of total anthraquinone (AQ) aglycones) was in the shoots grown on the MS medium with addition of 1-naphthilaceneacetic (NAA) (0.1 mg l -1 ) and thidiazuron (TDZ) (0.1 mg l -1 ). The best multiplication of Frangula rupestris (Scop.) Schur. shoots (6.20 ± 0.53) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with BAP (0.5 mg l -1 ). The highest metabolite production (451 mg/100 g of total anthraquinone aglycones) was in the shoots grown on medium with 2,4-D (0.1 mg l -1 ) and BAP (0.5 mg l -1 ). For the multiplication of Rhamnus catharticus L. shoots, the best results (2.8 ± 0.7) were obtained on the medium with combination of 2,4-D (0.1 mg l -1 ) and kinetine (Kin) (1.0 mg l -1 ). The best synthesis of anthraquinones (AQs) (1205 mg/100 g of total AQ aglycones) was in the shoots, which were grown on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D (0.1 mg l -1 ). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]