Search

South Africa has a complex history of racialized (im)mobilities. During the social engineering of apartheid, the city became a racialized white space that was dependent on black migrant workers who were forced to live in the marginal spaces on the edge of the city. This daily commute was enabled through the construction of public transportation systems and commuter railways. This mundane and banal form of mobility became a key site of both repression and resistance during the apartheid era. The present article explores how these racialized railway mobilities were represented during the 'Drum decade' of the 1950s in South Africa. It explores how the short story, as a liminal genre positioned within local and transnational literary cultures, is mobilized to narrate railway mobilities during this transitional decade. Texts analyzed include the news reports and short stories by Can Themba, Es'kia Mphahlele, and Nat Nakasa. This article explores how the mobile public spaces of the railways and the mobile figures of railway passengers were mobilized in the Anglophone South African short story as a form of resistance to the repression of the apartheid era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medium Density Housing (MDH) is advocated for sustainable urban growth while retaining the amenity and liveability of lower-density urban forms. Despite these advantages, affordable and diverse MDH proves challenging to implement in suburbs with access to employment and services. While scholars do explore barriers and solutions to implementing MDH in Australia, regional city contexts are less understood. Stakeholder perspectives on MDH and its implementation are also limited. This research presents a stakeholder analysis in the regional city of Cairns to address these important gaps. The research employs a case study approach including semi-structured interviews with 19 stakeholders across public and private sectors: developers, architects/building designers, government and industry planners and real estate agents. Stakeholders expressed barriers that are well-documented in the literature–such as the risk-averse nature of the finance sector–but also note key regional differences such as land constraints in world heritage areas, poor public transport, distance from supply chains, soaring insurance costs and susceptibility to cyclones. In the face of these challenges, Cairns stakeholders argue for certain forms of MDH alongside strategic planning, leadership, cross-sectoral and community engagement to support effective MDH infill. These insights are pertinent to other regional cities struggling with MDH in low density contexts. Practitioner pointers MDH needs contextualisation in places outside Australia's capital cities, as demand and supply side issues require nuanced understanding. Cross-sectoral conversations are key to understanding the complex barriers and opportunities for MDH in regional cities. Strategic planning for where to locate MDH is vital in a context of climate change and coastal hazards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Turino's ([2008]. Music as Social Life: The Politics of Participation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.) distinctions between live and recorded fields can act as an effective framework for furthering academic understandings of how music teaching and learning has been impacted by the shift to online musical practice due to COVID-19 pandemic restrictions. This study investigates the effect this has had on Ethno World, JM-International's programme for folk, world and traditional music. They support youth folk music gatherings in over 23 countries and responded to the restrictions by devising 'The Hope sessions', online tune learning workshops, and the 'Exchange sessions', online folk music collaborations. This research is a hybrid ethnographic investigation of these two programmes. Hybrid ethnography is situated in a digital and physical environment (Przbylski, [2021]. Hybrid Ethnography: Online, Offline and In Between. SAGE Publications.). Data was gathered through online participant observation and interviews with artistic mentors and co-ordinators of the online programmes. Findings reveal a tension between values of inclusivity and aesthetic quality suggesting artistic mentors have needed to adjust their goals, conceptions and roles within the musical practice. These findings provide timely insight into how pedagogical approaches change when they shift from an offline to online context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although there has been increased attention paid to the critical nature of nodal involvement in chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL), the B-cell compartment it is most closely related to and its relationship to the follicle remain uncertain. A clinicopathologic investigation of 60 extramedullary biopsies of LEF1+ CLL/SLL, including 29 cases with perifollicular/follicular (PF/F) growth, was therefore performed. A subset of PF/F cases demonstrated inner mantle zone preservation or intra-mantle zone growth. All PF/F and 16/31 other cases contained CD21+ follicular dendritic cells. No cytogenetic,IGHVmutational or gene usage differences were seen between PF/F and diffuse cases. PF/F cases were more often kappa positive (p< 0.03) and had fewer involved nodal sites (p= 0.0004). These findings suggest that at least a subset of bona fide CLL/SLL is related to the follicle, most likely the outer mantle zone, and that at least a subset of the diffuse cases may represent “later” disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine whether recommending cognitive rest to athletes after a sport-related concussion affects time to symptom resolution. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of 184 patients who presented to a sports concussion clinic in an academic medical centre between 1 November 2007 and 31 July 2009. The effect of recommending cognitive rest on symptom duration (days) was measured after adjusting for age, gender, initial PCSS score, history of amnesia, history of loss of consciousness and number of previous concussions. Using multivariate logistic regression, independent predictors of prolonged symptoms were identified, defined as >30 days. Results: Of the 135 study patients with complete medical records, 85 (63%) had cognitive rest recommended. Of those, 79 (59%) had prolonged symptoms. In the multivariate analysis, only initial PCSS score was associated with the duration of concussion symptoms (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.03; 95% CI = 1.01-1.05). The recommendation for cognitive rest was not significantly associated with time to concussion symptom resolution (AOR = 0.5; 95% CI = 0.18-1.37). Conclusions: Given the limited evidence regarding the effects of cognitive rest on recovery from concussion, recommendations of prolonged periods of cognitive rest, particularly absences from school, should be approached cautiously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ability to bear witness is crucial for those forced migrants who seek asylum in Britain. Within the context of a wider "culture of disbelief", those others are often greeted with suspicion and are categorised as "bogus" asylum seekers if they cannot provide credible testimony in support of their application. Despite the importance of such narratives, testimonies and life-stories, asylum seekers are frequently silenced and rendered speechless within the public sphere. The aporia of bearing witness is dramatised in Kay Adshead's The Bogus Woman and Timbertake Wertenbaker's Credible Witness in order to reveal the hostile conditions in Britain and the impossibility of testifying to a "well-founded fear of persecution" in the process of seeking asylum. This article examines the ethics and politics of speaking and hearing life-stories following Jacques Derrida's ethical writings on hospitality, testimony, and witnessing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OCT-2 and its co-activator, BOB.1, are B-cell associated transcription factors expressed in a subset of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We evaluated OCT-2 and BOB.1 expression by immunohistochemistry in patients with newly diagnosed AML. The median overall survival (OS) for patients with varying levels of OCT-2 expression was statistically different ( p = 0.03) (OCT-2 <10%: 21.7 months; OCT-2 10–50%: 18.4 months; OCT-2 >50%: 11.6 months). On multivariate analysis, co-expression of OCT-2/BOB.1 remained predictive for achievement of complete remission (HR 0.44, p = 0.010) and increased risk of relapse (HR 2.30, p = 0.047). OCT-2 (per 10% increase) was associated with a decreased progression-free survival (HR 1.10, p = 0.036) and a trend toward a worse OS (HR 1.10, p = 0.063). OCT-2 may act as a cell survival factor in AML by mediating expression of downstream targets, such as BCL-2. These results will need to be validated prospectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In response to concerns about the quality of services for people with personality disorder, 11 new community-based services were set up in England. Aims: To identify factors that contribute to high quality care for people with personality disorder from the perspective of different stakeholders. Methods: Qualitative interviews with service users, carers, providers and commissioners of services at each of the 11 sites. Results: Despite marked differences in the structure of the services, key themes emerged concerning their general approach to service delivery. These include the need to combine psychological treatments with social interventions and opportunities for peer support, and the importance of clear boundaries which are shared by service users. Services need to actively involve users both in managing their crises, and in planning future service developments. Differences in the accounts of stakeholders emerged around the assessment process, provision of out-of-hours care, and the range and type of clients dedicated services should try to work with. Conclusions: These data highlight factors which stakeholders believe constitute high quality care for people with PD. Services should pay particular attention to supporting clients during assessment process and developing more effective ways to engage people with high levels of personality disturbance and low levels of motivation to change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the status of asylum seekers in Great Britain in the light of the degree of hospitality the country offers. The film "Dirty Pretty Things," by Stephen Fears illustrates the figure of an asylum seeker confronted by discrimination and hospitality issues in Great Britain. Several works by Stephen Fears which reflect class distinction of British culture are also included.

This article examines the accommodation of asylum seekers through Jacques Derrida's ethical writings on hospitality, generosity and parasitism. The differing hospitable spaces of the asylum and the hotel, and of the strange figures of the asylum seeker and the tourist, are discussed with reference to these discourses of "giving" and "taking", paralleling Derrida's opposition between unconditional hospitality and hospitality-as-economy. This "new racism" towards asylum seekers is thus located within the economic sphere, as asylum control is linked to the welfare state and to fears of strangers' parasiting the host nation. However, I argue that it is the nation-state that parasites asylum seekers both through their defining difference and their contribution to service economies. Ultimately then the asylum hotel does exist, as Stephen Frears' film, Dirty Pretty Things (2002), illustrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considerable efforts have been made to describe and evaluate general practitioner (GP) referral of patients to counsellors, although the literature describing contributory factors in the referral process is inconclusive. The aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive literature review and present the information in a cohesive and practical model that might be of interest to both doctors and counsellors. An English language computerised literature search was conducted. The title or abstract contained any, or a combination of the following keywords: 'patient characteristics', 'counselling', 'primary care', and 'referral'. A further search was conducted based on relevant articles referenced in the above selection. A model was developed that showed an array of factors related to the patient, the GP, the GP-counsellor relationship, and external variables. Their interaction resulted in a complex collaborative process between the patient, GP and counsellor. These and their consequences were discussed, along with future research needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the effectiveness of generic counselling in a primary healthcare setting during three months of counselling and followed up the patients' progress after counselling had finished for the next twenty-one months. Questionnaires were completed by patients within the Dorset Primary Care counselling service on referral to counselling and at set points afterwards. A naturally occurring waiting-list group was compared with patients receiving counselling at baseline and three months. Measurements were taken of patients' psychiatric symptomatology, quality of life (QOL) and self-esteem. Patients who received counselling made highly significant improvements compared with those on the waiting list. These improvements were maintained throughout the long-term follow-up. This would indicate that generic counselling has positive effects that can be maintained for a long period of time after counselling has been completed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes a floating support scheme, provided by a local housing association, which enables single vulnerable people to live independently in their own homes. The study aimed to explore the impact of the scheme from the perspectives of clients, floating support workers and representatives from health, social care and voluntary agencies. It was found that the majority of clients had long-term mental health problems and were supported by a range of professionals. Floating support was flexible in responding to individual needs. A number of themes of relevance to interprofessional working emerged from the data. These included: floating support as a community resource, links with other agencies and confidentiality, information sharing and risk management. Floating support workers worked closely with professionals from health, social care, voluntary and educational services. Although the scheme's contribution to client care was highly valued, a number of barriers to effective interagency working were evident. This study highlighted the need for discussion and presented a forum for developing an ongoing collaborative process to address the specific issues which emerged in focus group discussions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the use of camcorders in the classroom as a way to enhance the education experience. Computers, video and compact disks, camcorders, and satellite communication systems offer alternative systems of instruction to textbooks (Gilliom, Helgeson, and Zuga 1992). In addition, they may be used as substitutes for traditional classroom pencil-paper tests. Assessing teacher performance has often been problematic because the assessor and the teacher have different perspectives. Videotapes, however, offer congruent evidence on which to base assessments. We contend that documentation of teacher performance and skill attainment gathered in a technologically objective way is more precise than data gathered using traditional methods, and it facilitates authentic assessment. Camcorders are accessible, affordable, and usable by amateurs. Furthermore, they allow teachers to assess their pedagogical skills privately and independently. It is posited that data supplied by videotapes offer a more complete description of the naturalistic environment of the classroom than scripting or coding. Teachers who use this process can become more aware of their classroom behavior and can continue to develop as reflective practitioners.

A new species of redfieldiiform fishes, Lasalichthys otischalkensis, sp. nov., is described based on new, three-dimensionally preserved specimens from the Upper Triassic Dockum Group of Howard County, western Texas. Lasalichthys otischalkensis is diagnosed by a combination of unique traits found in the skull, including shape of maxilla, shape of preoperculum and associated cheek bones, pattern and articulation of bones in the snout, and patterns of sensory line canals in the dermal skull bones. Specimens of this new species display novel patterns in the sensory line canals of the skull that have never been observed in any other redfieldiiform. Examination and comparison of specimens of Lasalichthys and Synorichthys from the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation and Dockum Group indicates that these taxa are only distinguishable at the species level, and Synorichthys is placed into synonymy with Lasalichthys, based on comparison of diagnostic morphological characters. Lasalichthys otischalkensis represents one of the oldest redfieldiiform taxa in North America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]