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The present study examined the relationship between stigma and parental help-seeking after controlling for demographics, child behavior, and barriers to treatment. One hundred fifteen parents of children ages 4 to 8 years were surveyed during well-child visits in a rural pediatric primary care practice. Parental perceptions of stigma toward parents and children were both assessed. Parents believe that children are more likely to be stigmatized by the public and personally impacted by stigma. In linear regression analyses, parents rated themselves as more likely to attend parenting classes with lower levels of self-stigma and greater levels of personal impact of stigma. Stigma toward the child was not associated with help-seeking. Child behavior moderated the relationship between stigma and parental help-seeking. When referring parents to treatment, providers should address potential stigma concerns. Future research should assess both the impact of the stigma of attending treatment and the stigma of having a child with behavior problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sodium chlorite was safer and more effective than Dylox in eradicating lernaeid anchorworm parasites from freshwater fish. When the chlorite ion concentration, [ClO2 –], was maintained within the range of 20–40 mg/L, it was nontoxic to a wide spectrum of freshwater fish, and the treatment eradicated anchorworm from these fish in seemingly permanent fashion. This ion can be used to treat large water systems and the beneficial effects appear to be long-term. Other disease organisms (e.g., Epistylis spp.) are also eliminated by such treatment. A colorimetric method for monitoring the chlorite ion concentration of water samples is described. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]