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To describe the epidemiology, mechanisms, treatment, and disability for facial injuries in National Basketball Association (NBA) athletes. This was a retrospective descriptive epidemiological chart review using NBA Electronic Medical Record (EMR) system. Responses to injuries reported in games, practices, and other activities were used for all data analysis, except for game incidence rates. Incidence rates were calculated by the game-related facial injury incidence per total athlete exposure (player-games). There were 440 facial injuries among 263 athletes during the 5 NBA seasons with an overall single-season risk of 12.6% and a game incidence of 2.4 per 1000 athlete-exposures (95% CI: 2.18–2.68). The majority of injuries were lacerations (n = 159, 36.1%), contusions (n = 99, 22.5%), or fractures (n = 67, 15.2%), with ocular (n = 163, 37.0%) being the most commonly injured location. Sixty (13.6%) injuries resulted in at least one NBA game missed (224 cumulative player-games) with ocular injuries resulting in the most cumulative games missed (n = 167, 74.6%). Nasal fractures (n = 39, 58.2%) were the most common fracture location followed by ocular fractures (n = 12, 17.9%) but were less likely to lead to games missed (median = 1, IRQ: 1–3) than ocular (median = 7, IQR: 2–10) fractures. An average of one in eight NBA players sustained a facial injury each season with ocular injuries being the most common location. While most facial injuries are minor, serious injuries, especially ocular fractures, can result in games missed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There have been numerous case series of exertional rhabdomyolysis (ER) but no comprehensive studies investigating the incidence of ER in the civilian athletic population in the United States (US). A retrospective review of patients with ER presenting to emergency departments in the US over a 20-year period between 2000 and 2019 was performed using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database. The national estimate of hospital visits in the US for ER during the 20-year period was 40,654 (0.66 per 100,000 population). There was a 10-fold increase in the incidence of ER from the first to the second decade. The odds of ER were 3.77 (95% CI 3.67–3.86, P <.0001) times higher for males (31,921, 78.5%, 1.06 per 100,000) than females (8,733, 21.5%, 0.28 per 100,000) and 3.82 (95% CI 3.71–3.93, P <.0001) higher in African Americans (33.6, 0.93 per 100,000) than white patients (53%, 0.24 per 100,000). American football (3,064, 7.5%) was responsible for 43.9% of the sports-induced ER cases. The majority (67.3%) of ER cases occurred between the ages of 16 and 35 years old. The majority of patients required hospitalization (26,550, 65.3%). The number of ER cases presenting to emergency departments in the US increased from 2000–2009 to 2010–2019. Young males and African Americans are at highest risk of ER. There was a high rate of hospitalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines the characteristics of femoral supracondylar stress fracture among athletes in the U.S. Knee pain associated with stress fracture; Use of radiographic modalities in determining stress fractures; Treatment management for supracondylar stress fractures.

Explains strategies to identify and prevent noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries caused by sports activities. Importance of considering hormonal, anatomic, environmental and neuromuscular factors that predispose athletes to the injuries; Prevention programs that will help includes ploymetrics, strength training and improved performance techniques. INSET: ACL injury mechanisms..

The article discusses the reliability of anterior drawer test in diagnosing a potential anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. While diagnosing the ACL rupture, the examiner relies on a thorough history and the Lachman, anterior drawer, and pivot-shift tests. The anterior drawer test is arguably the easiest test to perform, though it can have a low sensitivity if the patient's hamstrings are not relaxed. It has been found that the anterior drawer test is more reliable in diagnosing ACL rupture if the examiner depresses the hamstring tendons in the popliteal fossa before anteriorly translating the proximal tibia on the femur.