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Valid body core temperature measurements are essential for diagnosing and monitoring athletes with exertional heat stroke (EHS). Experts question the validity of body temperature sites that vary by >±0.27°C from the gold standard, rectal temperature (TREC). No research has established the validity of body temperature sites when American football uniforms (PADS) are worn during simulated EHS scenarios. Thirteen men (age, 22 ± 2 y; mass, 77.5 ± 8.8 kg; height, 181.3 ± 5.7 cm) donned PADS and entered an environmental chamber (38.7 ± 0.8°C, 38.9 ± 2.4% relative humidity). We compared TREC to a forehead liquid crystal temperature monitor (TFHD), axillary (TAXL), oral (TORL), and aural temperatures (TEAR) 34 times over four consecutive periods: 10-minutes of rest; exercise until participants TREC was between 39.7°C and 39.8°C; cold-water immersion (CWI, 10.0 ± 0.1°C) until all temperature sites indicated ≤38°C; and a 15-minute post-immersion recovery period. Body temperatures varied between sites during all periods (F36,432 ≥ 2.5, P ≤ 0.001). TAXL and TORL statistically differed from TREC and exceeded the 0.27°C bias threshold at all 34 measurement times (100%). TFHD differed from TREC eight times during rest; eight times during exercise; 0 times during CWI; and twice during recovery (18/34, 53%). TFHD exceeded the bias threshold 28 times (82%). TEAR differed from TREC five times during rest; 0 times during exercise; five times during CWI; and once during recovery (11/34, 32%). TEAR exceeded the 0.27°C bias threshold 15 times during testing (44%). TAXL, TFHD, TEAR, and TORL should not be used to diagnose or monitor American football players with EHS. Abbreviations ANOVA: analysis of variance; CWI: cold water immersion; EHS: exertional heatstroke; PADS: full American football uniform consisting of a helmet; shoulder, knee, thigh, hip and tailbone pads; a jersey top; undergarments; and half-length pants; TAXL: axillary temperature; TEAR: aural temperature; TFHD: liquid crystal temperature monitor; TORL: oral temperature; TREC: rectal temperature [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In patients with melanomas on the upper back or nape, axillary sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy (SLNB), when performed in the traditional supine position, is often disturbed by scattered radiation emitted from the primary tumor site. The results from the present study suggestthat axillary SLNB performed in the prone position can solve this problem. We compared two consecutive groups of patients with melanomas of the dorsal trunk or nape who received axillary SLNB performed either in the supine (n = 119) or in the prone position (n = 130). The number of SLNs detected and excised was significantly higher in prone position group (2.4 ± 1.5 SLNs versus 1.9 ± 0.95 SLNs, p = 0.002). Using the prone position, intra-operative repositioning of the patient for excision of a primary site of the upper back or neck was not necessary. The SLN identification rates and the SLN-positivity rates did not differ significantly between the two types of intraoperative patient positioning. There were no significant differences in survival outcomes or false-negative rates. In conclusion, axillary SLNB in prone position yields a higher number of excised SLNs in patients with melanomas of the upper back or nape. Axillary SLNB in prone position is easy to perform and reliable. Intraoperative repositioning of the patient is not necessary, which saves time and resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microwave energy technology treats axillary hyperhidrosis through thermolysis of the apocrine and eccrine glands. Successful short-term reduction of sweating has been studied, but there is limited information on long-term efficacy and safety. To evaluate patient satisfaction with microwave energy device for axillary hyperhidrosis performed within the last 5 years. From June to August 2019, a standardized telephone survey was conducted of 24 patients who received microwave energy device treatment for bilateral axillary hyperhidrosis between June 2014 and June 2018. Demographic information, previous treatment modalities, sweat reduction scores, and side effects were reported. Eighteen patients completed the survey with a mean follow-up of 38 months (range 12–52). The mean hyperhidrosis disease severity scale (HDSS) was reduced by 1.6 (95% CI 1.2–2.0, p <.01). The mean sweat reduction was 61–70%. Sixty-seven percent of patients experienced a reduction in odor and 54% did not require deodorant after treatment. Adverse effects included bruising (67%), pain (56%), swelling (44%), numbness (28%), and nodules (22%). Sixty-six percent of side effects resolved within 2 weeks and all side effects resolved within 12 weeks. The microwave energy device is an effective, durable therapy for axillary hyperhidrosis associated with minimal downtime and a high degree of long-term patient satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Fever alone accounts for over 25% of paediatric emergency room consultations. Accurate determination of temperature is critical for the management of sick children by both parents and health care-providers. Aims and Objectives: To compare simultaneous measurements of temperature measured by the rectal, axillary, and tympanic routes in children under 5 admitted to the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital. Methods: 400 children under 5 years of age with a rectal temperature of ≧38·0°C were recruited consecutively into the study. Rectal and axillary temperatures were measured using digital thermometers. Tympanic measurements were undertaken with an infrared tympanic thermometer. All measurements were made simultaneously and compared. Results: Mean (SD) rectal temperature was 38·8 (0·7)°C, and mean (SD) tympanic and axillary temperatures were 38·7 (0·7)°C and 38·1 (0·7)°C, respectively. There was no significant difference between rectal and tympanic temperatures (P = 0·14), and a strong correlation was identified between values from these two sites (r = 0·91). At 91·5%, the sensitivity of tympanic thermometry in determining fever was higher than that of axillary measurements (54·0%). A mathematical relationship was demonstrated between rectal/tympanic temperatures and between rectal/axillary temperatures as follows: Rectal temperature (°C) = 6·03+0·85 * Mean tympanic temperature (°C) Rectal temperature (°C) = 11·7+0·71 * Axillary temperature (°C) Conclusion: In febrile children, tympanic temperature better reflects rectal temperature than does axillary temperature; tympanic temperature should therefore be measured when there are no contra-indications for its use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Axillary hyperhidrosis consists of excessive underarm sweating and can be a clinical challenge for physicians and a significant social stressor for patients. A patient presented with this condition with symptoms that were resistant to traditional treatments. Subdermal 1320-nm Nd:YAG treatment resulted in a satisfactory improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]