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The number of older people in prison is increasing, and this group has significant mental health needs. Despite this, little research has evaluated mental healthcare for older prisoners, and examples of best practice are unknown. This paper explored staff experiences of supporting the mental health needs of older prisoners to identify existing forms of care provision, challenges to implementation, and areas for improvement. Eight professionals were recruited to a nominal group discussion, and seven themes were identified: 1) Lack of recognition of mental health problems in prison; 2) Risk factors for mental health problems among older prisoners; 3) Models of working; 4) Specialised environments; 5) Prison transfers; 6) Aftercare post release; and 7) Mental health education. There was consensus that older prisoners are vulnerable to mental health problems, though their needs are not sufficiently recognised nor addressed. While several ideas for improvement were identified, the provision of consistent and effective mental health care for older prisoners is lacking. To identify best practice guidelines for addressing the mental health needs of older prisoners, a valuable next step is to review mental healthcare provision for older people in the community and consider how this could be adapted to a prison environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The number of people aged 50 and over entering the criminal justice system (CJS) in England and Wales is growing. This raises questions as to the suitability of the CJS to equitably accommodate individuals with complex illness or impairment, who might experience difficulties in cognitive function, frailty, and/or impaired mobility. Findings from the government, the third sector, and academic literature have highlighted the difficulties experienced by older adults in the CJS and those tasked with supporting them. To inform the development of the Ministry of Justice's national strategy for older people in prison, we conducted a series of nominal focus groups with policy makers, practitioners, prison staff, representatives from the third sector, and academics, each focusing on a specific topic area that impacts older adults in prison. These were: 1) older adult trajectories; 2) long term conditions; 3) dementia; 4) mental health; 5) social care; 6) end of life care; 7) women; 8) ethnicity; and 9) COVID-19. An additional nominal group was also held with older adults currently in prison to discuss what they thought should be included in the national strategy more broadly. This paper presents the methodology of the nominal groups and subsequent analysis, as well as providing a rationale for the research. It serves as a precursor to a series of papers reporting and discussing the findings of the topic-specific nominal groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Engagement with the historic environment can support a broad range of individual and communal well-being benefits. However, to continue supporting well-being while aging, there is a need to situate a knowledge of aging-in-place into the management of the historic environment. Here, we describe the application of a photovoice project to explore place-based attachments and the influence of heritage and memory on the relationship between older adults and the historic environment. A total of 17 participants aged 56-86 took part in the study, from three different areas of Nottinghamshire, UK. Three key themes were presented: 1) interconnected culture and community; 2) place identity and lived experiences; and 3) intergenerational bonding and preserving heritage for the future. The significant role of heritage and memory in shaping older adults' relationship with the historic environment was highlighted. By embodying heritage and memories, historic places strengthen attachments to place and foster a desire to age-in-place within familiar social and community supports. This supports well-being through enhancing community, identity, and belonging. Going forward, a knowledge of place-based attachments is necessary, to integrate historic places into wider community engagement strategies and to empower older adults to engage meaningfully with their environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Service Industries Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: A comparison of parents' experiences of getting a diagnosis for their child with autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and both diagnoses can inform our understanding of common and unique themes across these neurodevelopmental conditions. Method: A quantitative and qualitative online anonymous survey of 288 New Zealand parents of children diagnosed with autism (n = 111), ADHD (n = 93), or both conditions (n = 84) was conducted. Open-ended questions were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Parents described an adversarial diagnosis and support system where seemingly arbitrary criteria and thresholds were applied. Key themes specific to the different diagnostic groups were also identified. Conclusions: Common themes of parents' experience across the different neurodevelopmental conditions highlight the need for changes to the diagnostic process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the framework of conversation analysis, this paper examines aided-speaking students' unsolicited speech-generating device (SGD)-mediated questions in teacher-fronted classroom talk. The analysis draws on a corpus of 18 h of video-recorded classroom interactions including 23 aided-speaking students using SGDs or picture-based communication boards. In all, 5% of the students' contributions were unsolicited questions, produced by three students. The students were found to orient to turn transition relevance places, but due to prolonged production time their questions risked sequential and topical misplacement in the ongoing classroom talk and were vulnerable to misunderstandings. To address this problem, students activated the synthetic voice before finalising the question, claiming the interactional floor while securing time to complete their utterance. They also refrained from activating the synthetic voice and instead made the question visually available for the teacher to read, thereby transferring the responsibility for answering the question to the teacher when sequentially and topically relevant. The study demonstrates the complex interactional process of formulating SGD-mediated questions, sometimes requiring that the teacher, assistants, and students engage in repair work and scaffolding to establish the meaning of a student's utterance. The findings imply that the treatment of non-speaking students' contributions as questions requires designated teacher work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What we already knowWhat this article addsLittle is known about New Zealanders who experience obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). Using population-level data for people aged 18–64 years, we identified a cohort of 5559 people who accessed secondary health services and had a diagnosis of OCD. We explored their characteristics in comparison to people without OCD. The rate of OCD per 10,000 people differed by ethnicity (European, 24.7; Māori, 13.4; Pacific Peoples, 5.6; Asian, 5.9). We observed variation in OCD rates by the geographic divisions of the public healthcare provider Health NZ which persisted following standardisation for age, sex, ethnicity and urban vs rural residence (Northern, 14.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) 13.7–15.2; Te Manawa Taki, 10.9; CI 10.0–11.8; Central, 19.7, CI 18.5–20.8; Te Waipounamu, 27.4, CI 26.2–28.7). These disparities suggest inequity of access to healthcare. Individuals in this cohort typically had at least one co-occurring mental health or related condition (78.8%) and were less likely to have at least level 4 educational qualifications (equivalent to first year of an undergraduate degree) (adjusted rate ratio (ARR) 0.94; CI 0.90–0.97), to be employed (ARR 0.69; CI 0.66–0.72) and to belong to a higher income bracket ($40,000 or higher, ARR 0.57; CI 0.53–0.62). These findings suggest wider support needs.Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition that is characterised by repetitive intrusive thoughts and compulsive behaviours and has a twelve-month prevalence of around 1–2% in adults.In clinic-based studies, most individuals with OCD have other mental health and related conditions and, to a lesser degree, this is also observed in community surveys.OCD is typically first experienced as a child, adolescent or young adult and can severely impact an individual’s ability to engage in education and employment.Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition that is characterised by repetitive intrusive thoughts and compulsive behaviours and has a twelve-month prevalence of around 1–2% in adults.In clinic-based studies, most individuals with OCD have other mental health and related conditions and, to a lesser degree, this is also observed in community surveys.OCD is typically first experienced as a child, adolescent or young adult and can severely impact an individual’s ability to engage in education and employment.Using the Integrated Data Infrastructure (IDI), a national collection of linked health and non-health data, we explored the characteristics of working-age adults with OCD who had accessed public secondary health services in Aotearoa | New Zealand (NZ).There were marked differences in the rates of OCD for geographic areas corresponding to the regional divisions of Health NZ | Te Whatu Ora, and, as previously described, by ethnicity. These findings suggest inequity of access to healthcare and merit further investigation.In comparison to other working-age adults, people in the study cohort were moderately less likely to have achieved higher level educational qualifications, and they were markedly less likely to be employed and to belong to a higher income bracket.Accessing public secondary health services is likely to be a proxy for more severe and/or complex psychological disability and many people in this cohort had other mental health and related conditions. Therefore, the characteristics of this cohort cannot be generalised to the entire group of people who experience OCD in NZ.Using the Integrated Data Infrastructure (IDI), a national collection of linked health and non-health data, we explored the characteristics of working-age adults with OCD who had accessed public secondary health services in Aotearoa | New Zealand (NZ).There were marked differences in the rates of OCD for geographic areas corresponding to the regional divisions of Health NZ | Te Whatu Ora, and, as previously described, by ethnicity. These findings suggest inequity of access to healthcare and merit further investigation.In comparison to other working-age adults, people in the study cohort were moderately less likely to have achieved higher level educational qualifications, and they were markedly less likely to be employed and to belong to a higher income bracket.Accessing public secondary health services is likely to be a proxy for more severe and/or complex psychological disability and many people in this cohort had other mental health and related conditions. Therefore, the characteristics of this cohort cannot be generalised to the entire group of people who experience OCD in NZ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Melanoma is the most common skin cancer in children. While the current literature establishes treatment protocols for adult-type melanoma, very few pediatric-specific studies exist, and children are often excluded from melanoma clinical trials2. We report a case series of 23 pediatric patients aged 2–20 years old diagnosed with melanoma at the University of Rochester Medical Center between 1/1/2011 and 1/1/2022. 9/23 patients were Stage III; all patients underwent wide local excision and 9 received adjuvant therapies. 2/23 (8.7%) patients had recurrence of their malignancy after therapy while 21/23 (91.3%) remained without disease progression; 1 patient died from unknown cause, but the rest are alive and currently without disease. All patients whose initial therapy included nivolumab in addition to wide local excision did not have recurrence or progression of their disease. This case series highlights trends in the presentation, treatment, and outcomes of pediatric melanoma; however, additional multi-center studies are needed to establish the clinical utility of such features in pediatric melanoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study assesses readability, suitability, and accountability of online uveitis patient education materials (PEMs). Methods: Two uveitis specialists reviewed the top 10 websites on Google for keyword "uveitis," with a PubMed review control. Readability was assessed using an online calculator, suitability using the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) tool, and accountability using JAMA benchmarks. Results: The mean SAM score was 21.05, indicating that websites were on average adequately suitable to educate patients. WebMD Uveitis website scored the highest at 25.5, while allaboutvision.org scored the lowest at 18.0. The average Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) score was 44.0 (95% CI: 34.2, 53.8). The average reading grade score was 11.0 (95% CI: 9.4, 12.6). WebMD Uveitis page scored highest on readability. The average accountability score among sites was 2.36 out of 4. Conclusions: Uveitis websites are only adequately suitable as PEMs, and all are above the recommended reading level. Uveitis specialists should advise patients on quality of online PEMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigated how a personalized care-planning software and linked mobile-app may aid people to self-manage their type 2 diabetes (T2D) more effectively. People with T2D and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) greater than 58 mmol/mol (7.5%) were randomized to either an intervention group receiving a personalized care plan, or the control group receiving usual care. Quality of life (QoL) was measured for both groups using validated questionnaires and one-on-one interviews with a subset of 12 participants from each group. QoL for the active treatment group increased, by their EQ −5D-5 L score increasing on average by 0.046, whereas it decreased for the control group on average by 0.009. The EQ Visual Analogue Score (VAS) of the intervention group also increased by 8.2%, whereas the control group had a reduction in EQ VAS score of 2.8% (p = 0.008 for difference). In this prospective RCT, the findings point to how the provision of personalized care plans can result in an improvement in individuals' self-rated QoL. This may lead to longer term health benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study assessed the quantity and quality of food consumed by Australian Capital Territory and Perth women living in poverty from July to October 2017. Sixty-six women, recruited through charitable food organizations, participated in one-on-one interviews and 24-hr dietary recall. Overall, diet quality was poor. Daily energy intakes ranged between 96 kJ-11450 kJ. 75% of women consumed below the minimum energy requirement for their age. Daily serve recommendations and Estimated Average Requirements for calcium, iron and potassium were not met. Urgent action is needed from government, health, food, and community sectors to address the ongoing challenges faced by women experiencing food insecurity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Failure to thrive (FTT) is a DSM-5/ICD-10 diagnosis which describes infants and children who fail to grow within expected norms. The causes for poor growth are multifactorial and often include psychosocial factors. Social workers are important players in an interdisciplinary team approach to this diagnosis. This research and manuscript focus on the use of an integrated infant mental health pediatric model of practice, and outcomes for one case study. The article will review the social worker's role in the treatment of FTT, effective social work services provided in an integrated behavioral health approach, and a review of a cost-benefit analysis of treatment of FTT in a Primary Care Facility verses a hospital setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions are the leading cause of disability and health costs in Australia and worldwide yet MSK research funding continues to be substantially lower than other chronic health conditions with similar and even lower overall disease burden. The chronic underfunding of musculoskeletal research has left sufferers frustrated by increasing burden, worsening outcomes, and complete overwhelm. People affected by musculoskeletal conditions often lack support, and certainty of care due to fundamental gaps in research and slow or no implementation of new research. Despite chronic underfunding, Australian-led research has delivered practice-changing outcomes to patients, clinicians, and policymakers, but we need to do more. Australia has the research and clinical workforce and skills to be worth investing in. We point to The Global Strategic Framework quoted from Briggs et al 2021, pp e006045 as a way forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper shows how one mathematics teacher, in a government secondary school in rural Rwanda, re-contextualises learner centred education (LCE) and English medium instruction (EMI) policies in classroom practice. Data are drawn from an ethnographic, critical case study and include lesson transcripts and teacher and student perspectives. The study indicates the importance of including non-verbal language in investigations of classroom interaction, and problematises the tendency to equate LCE with student talk in groups. In these lessons, whole-class interactions are managed by the teacher and student verbal participation is limited. Nevertheless, students co-construct and participate in activities and communicate mathematical meanings. The teacher observes and responds to students and enables students to access the English and mathematics they need for examinations. EMI limits student verbal participation and access to the textbook. The study indicates the importance of learning from and responding to classroom realties rather than pedagogical and linguistic ideologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For Pacific children in Aotearoa New Zealand under 20 years of age, this study investigates whether parental education is protective in terms of hospitalisations. For 139,686 Pacific and 659,055 other (non-Māori/non-Pacific) children, a population data extract for them and their parents was used from linked 2013 Census, health and demographic data. Binary indicators of incidence of hospitalisations between 1 March 2013 and 28 February 2018 were analysed using modified Poisson regression models with robust standard errors. The highest parental educational level of either parent ranged from 0 indicating no qualification and increased incrementally to 10 signifying a PhD. Over the study period, 1% of Pacific children were hospitalised in private hospitals and 24% with a potentially avoidable hospitalisation. Highest parental education level was protective for Pacific children, with a single level in parental qualification associated with a small but significantly lower risk of potentially avoidable hospitalisation (RR = 0.97, p < 0.0001), but a higher risk of private hospitalisation (RR = 1.25, p < 0.0001). This finding remained significant, independent from the contribution of increased socioeconomic benefits that accompanied improved education. These findings support ongoing Pacific focused initiatives for promoting continuing education as an investment for the future health of Pacific families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media platforms offer brands an opportunity to freely engage with their consumers and form value-laden relationships. They also offer influencers, acting as representatives of brands, an opportunity to develop relationships with consumers and through this, shape purchase intentions. Despite this, research is yet to examine how specific media characteristics, namely media richness and media naturalness act to shape the illusory parasocial relationship that forms between the influencer and the influenced as well as how media characteristics impact upon perceptions of authenticity. Media richness relates to the ability of information to change understanding within a specific time interval and media naturalness refers to the degree to which communication incorporates proximity, feedback, facial expression, body language and speech. This study addresses this research gap by examining the salience of the relationships between media richness, media naturalness, perceived authenticity and parasocial interactions. It then examines the relationships between these constructs and purchase intentions. Structural equation modelling and a sample of 221 social media users was employed to examine the interrelationships between constructs. The findings reveal that parasocial interactions were the strongest driver of purchase intent. Media richness had an important role to play in the development of authentic and genuine parasocial interactions. These interactions subsequently play a large role in shaping purchasing behaviours. Media naturalness and authenticity were however revealed to be necessary but not sufficient conditions for purchase. Understanding the role of media richness and naturalness in social media marketing will support marketing managers to design effective campaigns that enhance conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the interrelationships between internal brand management (IBM), brand understanding (BU), employee brand commitment (EBC), and brand citizenship behavior (BCB) by synthesizing existing empirical results via a meta-analysis. In addition, the moderating effects of country and industry contexts on these interrelationships are also investigated. The findings from 38 studies were used within the meta-analysis. The results demonstrate that IBM plays a significant role in predicting both EBC and BCB. Among all dimensions of IBM, brand communication was found to be the most crucial factor in predicting EBC, followed by brand-oriented leadership. Of the different dimensions of IBM, brand-oriented leadership has the greatest impact on BCB. Brand-centered HRM had a modest impact on both EBC and BCB. In addition, BU had the highest impact on BCB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Service Industries Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Defined as a customer's unfavourable thoughts, emotions and behaviours towards a brand/firm, negative customer engagement is viewed as a complex construct, particularly its cognitive dimension. This study advances understanding of negative customer engagement through cognitive expression of customers in an emerging market. Critical Incident Technique method was employed to examine negative critical service incidents of 335 Vietnamese customers and identify their cognitive responses to these incidents. The findings reveal a range of unfavourable thoughts engaged in by customers towards the offending service provider, including a sense of injustice, incompetence, irresponsibility, distrust and cynicism. These sub-dimensions do not occur in isolation, but rather interact within a complex system. This is the first study to empirically examine the cognitive dimension of negative customer engagement based on negative critical service incidents experienced by customers in an emerging market and in a commercial service context. Negative customer engagement has adverse effects on customer well-being that may indirectly lead to an unhealthy society and a weak economy. Understanding the underlying cognitive triggers of negative customer engagement will enable managers to design service recovery strategies aimed at preventing or minimising negative customer engagement, especially for firms operating in emerging markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Service Industries Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, many districts sought digital learning solutions to recover from learning loss, improve equity, and prepare for future interruptions. With this paper, we aim to provide information to policymakers and legislators regarding the value of resources needed to successfully implement comprehensive digital learning programing. We focus on the policies and resource allocation decisions made in North Carolina, one of the first states to launch a statewide digital learning initiative. First, we demonstrate the effects of state policy on school practices, then we turn the focus of the paper to how districts and schools allocated resources to implement digital learning. We apply the ingredients method to examine the costs of digital learning during the 2018–2019 school year. We close with recommendations for future policy and resource allocation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Canonical babbling (CB) is commonly defined as present when at least 15% of all syllables produced are canonical, in other words a canonical babbling ratio (CBR) ≥0.15. However, there is limited knowledge about inter-rater reliability in classification of CB status based on CBR and inter-rater differences in assessment of CBR. We investigated inter-rater reliability of experienced Speech Language Therapists (SLTs) on: classification of CB status based on CBR ≥ 0.15, CBRs and the total number of syllables per infant used to calculate CBR. Each infant (n = 484) was video-recorded at a clinical site in play interaction with their parent as part of the randomised controlled trial Timing of Primary Surgery for Cleft Palate. Each recording was subsequently assessed by three independent SLTs, from a pool of 29 SLTs. They assessed the recordings in real time. The three assessing SLTs agreed in classification of CB status in 423 (87.4%) infants, with higher complete agreement for canonical (91%; 326/358) than non-canonical (77%; 97/126). The average difference in CBR and total number of syllables identified between the SLT assessments of each infant was 0.12 and 95, respectively. This study provided new evidence that one trained SLT can reliably classify CB status (CBR ≥ 0.15) in real time when there is clear distinction between the observed CBR and the boundary (0.15); however, when the observed CBR approaches the boundary multiple SLT assessments are beneficial. Thus, we recommend to include assessment of inter-rater reliability, if the purpose is to compare CBR and total syllable count across infants or studies. Trial registration number here: , identifier NCT00993551 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This multimodal conversation analysis study is part of a larger video ethnographic project that explores the media literacy practices that children develop as they use digital and mobile technologies. The study investigates how Swedish students in grades 3–4 make use of text to speech (TTS) technology as an interactional resource during collaborative writing on iPads in the classroom. The results show that students routinely make use of synthetic voicings to display and claim knowledge about the voiced written units and negotiate writing roles with differing epistemic rights and obligations to assess voicings and practice repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relationships are central to therapeutic community treatments and the process of change that is facilitated. In this paper, we present a systematic critical case study of a service user who undertook a course of treatment at a now closed therapeutic community day service in south London. Using the contents of electronic patient notes, outcome measures, review letters, staff reflections, and a post-treatment interview, we show the importance of relationships within TC care. While literature regarding the efficacy of TCs does exist, there is less research concerning in-depth case studies of treatment. The importance of relationships within the TC model has been theoretically explored but not clinically demonstrated in the literature. Our case study supports findings from a recent RCT concerning TC care versus 'treatment as usual' for borderline personality disorder. Our research further supports an approach emphasising the importance of relationships to TC work with personality disorder beyond any specific therapeutic modality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supporting student engagement and success across different types of educational delivery is of growing importance within the higher education sector. The digitalisation of the sector has required institutions to fundamentally reconsider their strategic approaches to the tertiary experience. Given that educational delivery is progressively more multi-modal, it is essential to understand how students engage during the contemporary tertiary experience as well as how the dimensions of engagement support student success. This study examines two antecedents to engagement, namely expectations and involvement, four dimensions of student engagement, namely behavioural, affective, social and cognitive engagement, and five student and institutional success outcomes, namely institutional reputation, student well-being, transformative learning, self-efficacy and self-esteem. Drawing on a sample of 952 tertiary students it employs a structural equation modelling approach to comparatively test how engagement determines success within face-to-face and blended modes of delivery. Behavioural engagement was found to strongly determine students' well-being, self-efficacy and self-esteem for students enrolled in blended modes. Affective engagement determined institutional reputation and transformative learning within blended modes. Counterintuitively, cognitive engagement was not a prominent driver of student or institutional success. This study advocates the need for a more holistic approach to managing blended deliveries which is sensitive to the multidimensional nature of student engagement and its impact on student and institutional success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research is focussed on Anne Brontë's collection of stones, which are housed at the Brontë Parsonage Museum, and how they connect to her time in Scarborough. Obtained during the 'golden age' of geology, the collection was recently recharacterized using Raman spectroscopy. In this interdisciplinary study, we explore possible sources of the stones and the different factors that may have influenced Anne to obtain and maintain her collection of stones. The significance of Anne Brontë's stones and her connections to mineralogy and geology reveal Anne's interest, knowledge and abilities within these fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores meals as a locus for children's socialization into the socio-spatial organization of a mobile preschool, i.e. a preschool in a bus. Building on ethnographic fieldwork with video-recordings, the analysis is informed by ethnomethodology and conversation analysis to explore the everyday interactional organization of meal practices. Conceptualizing space as both a resource for interaction and as achieved in interaction, the study investigates how children and pedagogues create space for meals inside the bus and in outdoor spaces. The results demonstrate how the socio-spatial organization is made relevant as a learning object in interactions between pedagogues and children, and between peers. Knowledge of the socio-spatial organization is shown to constitute a critical aspect of competent participation in the mobile preschool. A trajectory in the children's embodied spatial learning is discerned, from socio-spatial configurations as objects of instructions to embodied habits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most evident trends in US health care and health care generally in the developed world is that more and more care is shifting to outpatient settings. This change opens up substantial opportunities, and in many cases, expectations for chaplains to extend the breadth of the care they provide in any health system. However, it also brings many challenges. This paper describes the journey of four very different inpatient chaplaincy services into the outpatient setting. These four examples focus on settings that would historically be thought of as outpatient—those that see patients within the brick and mortar of the health system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the instruction of equestrian feel as an interactional accomplishment. Equestrian feel is an embodied knowledge encompassing riders' ability to feel the horse's actions and to act appropriately. Building on ethnomethodological and conversation analytic analyses of video-recordings of riding lessons, we explore how equestrian feel is instructed in interaction between riding teachers and students. The results show how teachers use verbal resources, e.g., metaphors, to describe embodied feel, as well as perceptual resources that are made relevant by orienting to the horse's body as a semiotic field. Moreover, the teachers produce online instructions in the shape of directives, metaphorical vocal descriptions, and embodied demonstrations, thus molding the equipage by bringing attention to different aspects that together shape an embodied experience. In all, the study sheds light on communicative practices during riding lessons and on the interactional work involved in the art of instructing embodied knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates, in an Australian university student sample, the score equivalence of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (WAIS-IV) norms for which are based on the US standardization sample versus the Woodcock Johnson III (WJ III) cognitive test battery, normed for the Australian population based on a standardisation sample aged between four and twenty-one. Mean IQ scores in the two instruments were compared in sample scores of all and those restricted to 21 years or younger. Additionally, corresponding broad ability scores were compared. Tests were assigned in blocked random order to 164 (141 aged 21 years or younger) participants (M = 20.38, Mdn = 19, SD = 5.19). Thirty-eight (32 aged 21 years or younger) undertook both tests. Scores from all, and the subset aged 21 years or less were analysed. The mean WAIS-IV FSIQ were significantly higher than mean WJ III GIA in both independent and repeated measures analyses. Effect sizes, measured with population SD of 15, were d = 0.34 and d = 0.53 in the independent and repeated measures study. Considering the potential impact of the observed effect sizes in high-stakes decision for the Australian population, we appeal for further research on local norming. KEY POINTS What is already known on this topic: When used in Australia, the WAIS-IV scores are based on the US standardization data, while the WJ III has been normed for the Australian population. Local and current norming of tests is essential for valid and fair use of a cognitive abilities test. WAIS-IV scores are routinely used to make high-stakes decisions in Australia. What this paper adds: Empirical evidence that the current WAIS-IV scores and WJ III scores in Australia are not equivalent in a sample of university students. If the observed effect sizes were to hold in the critical cut-off regions used for making high-stakes decision, a substantial number of eligible beneficiaries will be affected. Though the samples in this study are restricted, the partial random sampling, consistency, and effect size warrant more comprehensive study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By marking protests as violent and protesters as extremists, politicians and governments around the world have reclassified citizens' environmental engagement. Government rhetoric and accompanying legislative amendments establish a baseline by which citizens – and their causes – are excluded and discounted. This article contributes to understanding how environmental protesters and their activities are constructed as dangerous through analysis of recent legislation and surrounding debate in Queensland, Australia. This legislation sought to curb particular forms of protest in the name of protecting public order. These legislative responses are illustrative of how the Australian economy's reliance on fossil fuel extraction is protected from critique. We show how the contestation of resource extraction is escalated by politicians to the level of a threat to the nation. While the state's regulation of protests helps to protect the object of protest – in this case the fossil fuel industry – we demonstrate how such legislation is also shaped by the futures and logics promoted by the industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three-dimensional (3D) printed spinal cages are a new design of intervertebral body fusion devices. Clinical data on these devices are limited. The objective of this study was to describe six-month events for a new and older cage design. A retrospective, descriptive cohort study of patients that received a 3D-printed-titanium or PEEK (polyetheretherketone) cage with single-level lumbar fusion was performed using a United States hospital-based database. Outcomes evaluated were device-related revision and non-device related reoperation events 6 months after lumbar fusion. The 3D-printed-titanium and PEEK groups were propensity-score matched. Both unmatched and matched groups were descriptively analyzed. There were 93 and 2,082 patients with a 3D-printed-titanium and PEEK cage that met study criteria. The sample size was 93 patients per group after matching. There were no occurrences of revisions in the 3D-printed-titanium and eleven occurrences in the PEEK group before matching; PEEK had no occurrences of revision after matching. Ten total reoperation events were identified. Our findings suggest occurrence of 6-month revision or reoperation is similar or lower for both cages than reported in published literature. The low occurrence of early events for 3D-printed-titianium cages is promising. Further, real-world studies on 3D-printed cages are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted non-essential in-person research activities that require contact with human subjects. While guidelines are being developed for ramping up human subjects research, one component of research that can be performed remotely is participant screening for lower limb function and gait impairments. In this commentary, we summarize evidence-supported clinical assessments that have potential to be conducted remotely in a safe manner, to make an initial determination of the functional mobility status of persons with neurological disorders. We present assessments that do not require complex or costly equipment, specialized software, or trained personnel to administer. We provide recommendations to implement remote functional assessments for participant recruitment and continuation of lower limb neurorehabilitation research as a rapid response to the COVID-19 pandemic and for utilization beyond the current pandemic. We also highlight critical research gaps related to feasibility and measurement characteristics of remote lower limb assessments, providing opportunities for future research to advance tele-assessment and tele-rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The economic evaluation of educational policies and programs employing the ingredients method for cost, cost-effectiveness, or benefit-cost analysis is no exception to the critique that economic models require an untenable number of assumptions. Educational economists must make assumptions due to two sources of uncertainty: model uncertainty, as in the well-documented debate over the selection of the appropriate social discount rate to calculate present value and empirical uncertainty due to the infeasibility of gathering sufficiently detailed data on all resources. This paper highlights the frequency of empirical assumptions made in the education literature and proposes a set of harmonized assumptions to address empirical uncertainty that can be used to increase comparability of economic evaluation across programs and across studies. By building consensus on a set of reasonable, empirically derived assumptions that are selected so as to minimally distort the results of evaluations, differences in costs, cost effectiveness, and benefit-cost ratios can be more confidently ascribed to meaningful differences in resource use, program implementation, and program effectiveness, as opposed to differences in choices made by the analyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the efficacy, cost, and implementation of an integrated science and literacy curriculum for kindergarten. The study was conducted in a large urban district and included 1,589 students in 71 classrooms in 21 schools. The research includes a multi-site cluster-randomized controlled trial and mixed-methods cost and implementation studies. Analysis revealed significant impacts on comprehension, letter-naming fluency, and motivation to read. No main impacts were observed on decoding, word identification, or writing; however, exploratory analysis revealed that students whose teachers implemented the treatment with fidelity performed statistically significantly better in writing and decoding. The cost to produce the observed effects was estimated at $480 per student, two-thirds of which was borne by the school. Despite this cost, treatment classrooms achieved savings by using an average of three fewer instructional programs than control classrooms. Teachers reported positive effects from the integrated curriculum on student engagement, learning, and behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emergent research on customer engagement has focused on enhancing engagement within service relationships. Less attention has been given to how and why customers disengage from their relationships, and the potential interplay between engagement and disengagement has not yet been explored within the marketing literature. This study presents the findings from a qualitative exploration of the concept of customer disengagement, its initiating triggers, nature and the process by which it unfolds within functional/utilitarian (F/U) and participative/co-creative services (P/C). Rather than being mutually exclusive, it finds that engagement and disengagement are highly connected and that prior levels of engagement significantly influenced customers’ subsequent propensities to disengage. Specifically, customers’ propensity towards disengagement was higher within services considered F/U in nature and lower within services of a more P/C nature. In addition, the extent to which customers disengaged from their relationship was strongly determined by their prior levels of engagement with weak engagement for F/U services and strong engagement for P/C services. Relationships in the F/U category were subsequently transactional and volatile when compared to relationships within the P/C category that were comparatively emotionally bonded and enduring. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The potential effects of 21st century climate change on ozone (O3) concentrations in the United States are investigated using global climate simulations to drive higher-resolution regional meteorological and chemical transport models. Community Earth System Model (CESM) and Coupled Model version 3 (CM3) simulations of the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 scenario are dynamically downscaled using the Weather Research and Forecasting model, and the resulting meteorological fields are used to drive the Community Multiscale Air Quality model. Air quality is modeled for five 11-year periods using both a 2011 air pollutant emission inventory and a future projection accounting for full implementation of promulgated regulatory controls. Across the U.S., CESM projects daily maximum temperatures during summer to increase 1–4°C by 2050 and 2–7°C by 2095, while CM3 projects warming of 2–7°C by 2050 and 4–11°C by 2095. The meteorological changes have geographically varying impacts on O3 concentrations. Using the 2011 emissions dataset, O3 increases 1–5 ppb in the central Great Plains and Midwest by 2050 and more than 10 ppb by 2095, but it remains unchanged or even decreases in the Gulf Coast, Maine, and parts of the Southwest. Using the projected emissions, modeled increases are attenuated while decreases are amplified, indicating that planned air pollution control measures ameliorate the ozone climate penalty. The relationships between changes in maximum temperature and changes in O3 concentrations are examined spatially and quantified to explore the potential for developing an efficient approach for estimating air quality impacts of other future climate scenarios. Implications: The effects of climate change on ozone air quality in the United States are investigated using two global climate model simulations of a high warming scenario for five decadal periods in the 21st century. Warming summer temperatures simulated under both models lead to higher ozone concentrations in some regions, with the magnitude of the change increasing with temperature over the century. The magnitude and spatial extent of the increases are attenuated under a future emissions projection that accounts for regulatory controls. Regional linear regression relationships are developed as a first step toward development of a reduced form model for efficient estimation of the health impacts attributable to changes in air quality resulting from a climate change scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article concerns students' help-seeking in one particular educational setting in Sweden, namely mathematical homework support. It presents in-depth analyses of video-recorded instances of interactions using multimodal conversation analysis. By exploring how tutors and students with no prior interactional history collaboratively establish an agreement upon what constitutes the student's problem, the study sheds light on the problem presentation and its interactional and epistemic challenges and pitfalls. The results of the study demonstrate the sequential pattern of help-seeking interactions and the crucial role of objects, such as notepads, as epistemic resources for determining the student's problem. It moreover shows how students put their (mis)understandings on display using verbal, embodied and material resources to describe their problem-solving efforts. Finally, it shows how epistemic framings of the help request are of consequence, in which responsibility for the problem presentation may be transferred from student to tutor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the role of archery in the city-state of Ugarit and argues that archery was more central to the military establishment than previously suggested. The article examines key texts found at the site, archaeological remains dug up in the early stages of Ugaritic research, and looks at the focus of archaeology on chariots rather than any other forms of warfare to suggest that archery was more fundamental to life in Ugarit and contemporary research has ignored this in favour of chariot-driven narratives. This study reveals important outcomes as its presence suggests that there was an archery connection between the palace and populace. In addition, its presence at the site and place as a part of the Ugaritic military structure is likely to have been more central to it than has been previously suggested. It strongly argues against positions advanced by Juan Pablo Vita and Marguerite Yon that have advocated for a primary role for chariots at Ugarit and it serving as a chariot entrepot. The interpretation argues for a position less towards chariotry and more towards a view that individual city-states, specifically Ugarit, and societies valued different weapons and that weapons were not evenly or monolithically applied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As carbon emissions continue to rise, the need to adapt to climate impacts has become increasingly urgent. Planning and implementing climate adaptation is often left to local authorities and is fraught with the challenge of negotiating with multiple stakeholders holding differing interpretations of climate change. In such a space, local media has a critical role in communicating these differing perspectives within communities. In this article we explore the central role of a local newspaper in shaping public debate over the implementation of a climate adaptation plan in a coastal region of Australia. Rather than providing an arena for public discussion and constructive debate, we find that the newspaper adopted a clear position rejecting the need for changes in planning for anticipated climate impacts. We use the case study to explore how media discourse contributes to (i) the construction of an antagonistic debate undermining climate science, and (ii) strengthening the hegemony of economic value and property rights. In response, we suggest shoring up political alliances for climate change, including in the local media, as a basis for social change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the polarisation of climate politics feeds into 'post-truth' politics, one response has been a call for the reassertion of a previously agreed upon 'reality'. However, it is important to recognise that knowledge has always been contested and contingent. This is particularly salient concerning climate change, where multiple truth claims compete in the media, politics, and social movements. One means of addressing this is through deliberation, where it is argued that emotional interpretations of information and lack of trust in authority can be alleviated through transparent democratic processes. Investigating a case study of climate change adaptation in a regional Australian community, we argue that while deliberation may be the preferred method of building community support, emotions can also be employed to undermine scientific authority and build a shared truth among those who see themselves as victims of the process. To this end, we suggest that more radically democratic models are needed to address climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Creating the conditions that foster student engagement, success and retention remains a perennial issue within the higher education sector. Traditionally satisfaction has been prioritised in assessing student success. A more expansive, holistic and ontological perspective of the student experience that takes into account who and what students are becoming is required. This study develops a holistic approach to measuring student engagement. It models and measures two antecedents to engagement, namely involvement and expectations, four dimensions of engagement, namely affective, social, cognitive and behavioural engagement, and their relative and differential impact upon five specific student and institutional success outcomes namely, institutional reputation, student wellbeing, transformative learning, self-efficacy and self-esteem. A survey with a sample of 952 tertiary students enrolled at a major Australian tertiary institution was employed. A structural model was then specified to assess the structural relationships between the constructs. The results show that student expectations and involvement have an important seeding role in student engagement. Affective engagement was the most important determinant of institutional reputation, wellbeing, and transformative learning. Behavioural engagement determined self-efficacy and self-esteem. Cognitive and social engagement were necessary but not sufficient conditions for student success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The entropic measure of distributional spread, representing the total binary code complexity of the probability distribution, is equal to the area under the partition entropy function. A conjugate dual, obtained as a simple internal sign change from the partition entropy function, can be employed to indicate the relative complexity to the right of any given point versus that to the left. The area beneath this function constitutes a dual measure of distribution asymmetry, which can be reconciled with one based on conditional expected values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper consists of a collection of individual learning and developmental experiences in the area of diversity and difference, based on the author's participation in the 'difference; identity; diversity' workshop, as part of the Tavistock Clinic's child psychotherapy training. There is a discussion here of how this learning took place, through a consideration of relevant theory, historical context, and clinical examples within the workshop's individual seminars. In the seminars, the exploration of all these components was further enhanced by individual and group reflective processes, which formed part of the workshop. The paper highlights how the facilitating environment that was created through the containing net of all these components within the workshop allowed for my individual exploration of and learning about both internal and external diversity. This kind of learning is not commonplace in child psychotherapy trainings, which is to the detriment of child psychotherapists' individual development, the training process itself, and the profession as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Refugee children have often witnessed or experienced trauma, violence, and death. While conflict harms the psychosocial well-being and emotional development of children, an inclusive educational environment can serve as a safe haven for refugee students. Drawing on qualitative data collected between 2015–2017 in Kakuma refugee camp in Kenya, including 81 semi-structured interviews and extensive feedback gathered during teacher training workshops, this paper examines the micro-level disciplinary practices among teachers that promote or impede the inclusion of refugee children. The paper presents the tension between teachers' own negative experiences with corporal punishment as students, and their justification for using corporal punishment as teachers. Additionally, it highlights the role that continuous professional development plays in making positive changes to teachers' beliefs and practices. The authors argue that providing a safe space for reflection and discussion on corporal punishment and positive discipline is pertinent to reducing negative practices and stress the key role teachers play in creating such environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because microbes cannot be eliminated from radioactive waste disposal facilities, the consequences of bio-colonization must be understood. At a pre-Viking era vitrified hillfort, Broborg, Sweden, anthropogenic glass has been subjected to bio-colonization for over 1,500 years. Broborg is used as a habitat analogue for disposed radioactive waste glass to inform how microbial processes might influence long-term glass durability. Electron microscopy and DNA sequencing of surficial material from the Broborg vitrified wall, adjacent soil, and general topsoil show that the ancient glass supports a niche microbial community of bacteria, fungi, and protists potentially involved in glass alteration. Communities associated with the vitrified wall are distinct and less diverse than soil communities. The vitrified niche of the wall and adjacent soil are dominated by lichens, lichen-associated microbes, and other epilithic, endolithic, and epigeic organisms. These organisms exhibit potential bio-corrosive properties, including silicate dissolution, extraction of essential elements, and secretion of geochemically reactive organic acids, that could be detrimental to glass durability. However, long-term biofilms can also possess a homeostatic function that could limit glass alteration. This study documents potential impacts that microbial colonization and niche partitioning can have on glass alteration, and subsequent release of radionuclides from a disposal facility for vitrified radioactive waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]