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Analyzes the addresses given by Henry Ward Beecher in Great Britain from the viewpoint of Persuasion. Method used by the orator to secure contact with his audience; Information on the term affectation of soul; Significance of Beecher's experience in Liverpool, England.

Delves into the geography of some countries. Discussion of the conditions of countries such as France, Great Britain, Germany and Belgium; Analysis of local causes of factors such as low prestige of geography in some countries; Importance of improving the conditions for geographic research.

Describes the debate in the House of Lords about Great Britain's naval policy. Admirals present at the debate; Comments on the speech of Lord Parmoor; Response of Lord Thompson to the proposed treaty.

Examines several influences which result in the culture of a people in relation to a comparison between the speech of educated Englishmen and educated U.S. citizens. Criticism on the U.S. speech; Question raised concerning the utilitarian standards of speech; Idea of mass control of attitudes in civilization.

Examines whether British legislator Charles Fox prepared his speeches. Evidences of the effortlessness with which Fox planned his speeches; Speeches by Fox in 1795 which were praised by newspapers and his audience; Fox's personal secretary's statement that Fox made no preparation of any kind for parliamentary debate; Fox's education and training; Fox's role in British oratory history.

Focuses on the conflict in the 19th century English Stage between the old school of training believing in classical repertory and the new school believing in realistic acting with reference to Madge Robertson Kendal. Techniques followed to become an actor in the old and new school of training; Career profile of Kendal; Name of plays in which she had acted and a critical analysis of those plays.

This article focuses on the American and British attitudes toward Soviet Union. The problem is also a challenging one theoretically, because of the more basic character of some of the deeper attitudes or values that may be involved, such as the attitudes toward economic justice, economic stability, racial equality, religion, freedom of speech, independence of small nations, and solidarity of the United Nations. Any systematic approach to these underlying, value-systems should throw some light upon basic elements of attitude-determination in both national and International affairs. The United Nations was a fighting alliance, with the Soviet Union carrying the heaviest burden of the actual fighting. Most of the information about the Soviet Union in the American newspapers, films, and radio programs was favorable. Books like Mission to Moscow and One World were being widely read.

The article features the appointment of the first member of the UNO Atomic Energy Commission. Sir Alexander Cadogan, permanent Under Secretary of the British Foreign Office and Britain's representative on the UNO Security Council, has been appointed to represent Britain on the Atomic Energy Commission. Sir James Chadwick, the discoverer of the neutron, has been appointed by the British Government as Cadogan's alternate. The American delegate to the Atomic Energy Commission has not yet been appointed.

The article offers information on the State Department's report on the control of atomic energy. The report centered on the necessity for the creation of a rational and workable initiative for the control of these weapons of mass destruction amidst the already initiated international armaments race. The declaration to this issue which was signed by the President of the United States and the Prime Ministers of Great Britain and Canada was underlined. With the already established destructive capability of these materials of war, the control of these materials is highly needed.

The article offers information on the new British Atomic Energy Project in Didcot, England. The project involves the establishment of Great Britain of a central atomic research plant in Thames Valley near the village of Harwell. The British enveloped this project in secrecy. On the other hand, Britain's leaders are contemplating that the country cannot afford this huge expenditure on the project, and that the money to be used in this project should be better spent to rehabilitate British industry and pay back debts.

The article presents a discussion on the parliamentary debate of the British Parliament on the British Atomic Energy Act of 1946, and the opinion of the press on the debate. It also cites the case of the Atomic Scientists' Association in the matter of the security provisions presented by Raymond Blackburn and a proposed Advisory Committee. It cites the necessity of international control of the production and use of atomic energy. The bill empowers the Minister to bring all atomic energy work under governmental control or surveillance.

The article presents the results of a survey into the socio-economic aspects of childbearing in Great Britain. The survey was conducted by the Health Visitors of Maternity and Child Welfare Authorities in England, Wales and Scotland. The mothers of all babies born during a single week were visited, and interviews were done with more than 90% of them. In 1946, when this inquiry was undertaken, the conditions of childbearing were still affected by wartime measures such as schemes for evacuating expectant mothers, the direction of labour, and by acute deficiencies in housing, maternity beds and medical personnel, which were also attributable to the war. Institutional confinements are most frequent among wives of professional and salaried workers and least frequent among wives of agricultural workers. Indication of the shortage of hospital beds is shown by the fact that many mothers in each occupational group are discharged from hospital before the fourteenth day after delivery. In all occupational groups considerably more is spent on baby clothes and equipment than on medical and institutional fees, and it is clear that provision of free medical care will not greatly relieve the cost of childbearing.

The article reports on the vital contribution of Canadian scientists to the wartime development of atomic energy. It discusses the possibility of new and strong powerful military explosive through the findings that U235 atoms undergo fission and this is where Canada comes in since Canada is a major producer of uranium that contains U235. It offers an overview of the joint United Kingdom and Canadian atomic energy research project and the establishment of a laboratory under the administration of the National Research Council of Canada headed by H. H. Halban.

Critiques the speech style of Benjamin Disraeli, which claims to reflect the political, ethnological, and artistic predisposition of authors. Analysis of the characteristics of the language usage; Determination of the factors that led to the popularity of Disraeli in the 19th century British politics; Childhood education of Disraeli; Overview of the works produced by Disraeli.

Focuses on social forces behind the development of Restoration comedy in Great Britain in the 17th century and compares it with modern comedy. Impact of civil war on Restoration comedy; Influence of renaissance individualism on Restoration comedy; Contribution of British aristocracy towards the development of Restoration comedy; Characterization of women in Restoration comedy.

The article focuses on the global need to eradicate the use of atomic energy and atomic methods of destruction to achieve peace. A three nation agreed declaration on atomic energy which is comprised of the U.S., Great Britain and Canada was issued on November 16, 1945 and called for the establishment of a Commission which must be under the United Nations and is required to make certain proposals. Its list of proposals include holding out to all nations the exchange of primary scientific data aimed to achieve peace, control of the use of atomic energy and to check its use which is for attaining peace. The General Assembly created the Commission which had its first meeting on June 14, 1946.

The article presents an outlook of the summer conferences in Great Britain. The conferences of other professional bodies like the Royal Institute of British Architects and the Royal Sanitary Institute have dealt in large measure with planning problems. It is believed that the most impressive summer meeting would be that of the British Association attracting some 3,500 members. This conference would deal with purely scientific problems shared the programme with papers ranging over the whole field of planning. It is cited that the association has large and wide interests that it is difficult to hold a conference of the duration of one week except by working in defined sections.

Analyzes the status of radio broadcasting in Great Britain. Establishment of a public non-profit corporation called the British Broadcasting Corp. (BBC); Comparison of BBC programming with those of U.S. broadcasting companies'; Difference between the BBC and systems of government-run radio.

This article provides information about significant recommendations made by the British Royal Commission on Population. To help families with children the Commission made three specific proposals for immediate introduction. They were, increase family allowances, exempt family allowances from income tax and increase income-tax allowances for dependent children where the earned income exceeds £600 a year. As per the Commission the measures introduced or improved during the war to raise the relative economic position of families with children might had contributed to cause the large increase that has occurred in the number of births. They enumerate the school milk and meals schemes and the subsidies designed to keep basic requirements economical. When there are fewer children than three, the effect of food subsidies is greater than that of family allowances, and when they are more than three, it is less except where tax has to be paid. The modification of income tax, though having its most marked influence in typical working class families, also influenced those with higher incomes.

The article analyses the activities of the British trade unions on behalf of emigration between 1850 and 1890 and the effects of those activities. The first section of the article is concerned with the general economic ideas of the unions about emigration and the reasons for the emigration policy. In the second section the difficulties the unions faced when they attempted to implement emigration in times of depression and unrest as a "safety valve" has been discussed. It also describes the permanent emigration rules of various unions and the effects of their operation. The emigration policy of trade unions in the mining, textile and iron and steel industries are treated in more detail than that of other Unions for two reasons. These industries were the very bone and sinew of the British industrial supremacy during the last half of the nineteenth century. It was in these industries that the threat of the danger of foreign competition was most often used by employers, and that trade unions considered most seriously the repercussions upon home industry of the emigration of skilled workmen.

The article presents findings of the Maternity Survey on the use of infant welfare centers in Great Britain. 68.7 percent of all mothers surveyed used the centers. More experienced mothers with several children used centers less than the less experienced ones. 61.8 percent of the wives of manual workers with four or more children had taken their babies to the centers at some time before the second birthday. The average date of first attendance was about 7 weeks after confinement, except for the agricultural workers' wives who made their first attendance after 12.6 weeks. Those who made their initial visit later probably came for advice on specific disorders or else for diphtheria immunization. There was a general falling off in attendance as the children grew older. As many as 39.1 percent of the mothers attending in the first year did not return to the centers during the second year. On the other hand, there were some mothers, many of them frequent attendees in the first year, who continued to use the centers regularly after the first birthday of the child.

The article presents an investigation on the provisions of the Town and Country Planning Act in 1947 in Great Britain. The investigation states that the over-zealous use of the planning provisions of the Act that has provoked much of the criticism now being thrown against the Act itself in which criticism can be eased if a more judicious approach is made and a less assertive behavior is adopted by planning authorities in dealing with land development problems. Moreover, the investigation cites that it is in development charge provisions of the Act is the real cause of criticism and the Act's novel feature that requires a full reconsideration of both planning and development.

The article clarifies various issues regarding planning legislation in Great Britain. The system of holding public and local inquiries for the settlement of disputes and compliance of the central and local government with planning legislation is a way of assessing a wider range of political issues. Inquiry or hearing is an integration between central and local government to practice democratic institution which allows an individual voice of the people to be heard. The role of an inspector is to provide relevant information to the prime minister and acquaint himself with this information.

The article analyzes a hypothetical stationary population by family units. The term family unit is throughout used to denote either a married couple, a widow, a widower (together with, any unmarried children under 25) or an unmarried person over age 25. The rates of mortality assumed have been based on the experience of Great Britain in the years 1942-4, adjusted to eliminate deaths attributable to war causes. A model population constructed on this mortality basis requires an annual crop of 1537 births in order to maintain a constant total of 100,000 persons. The probable future level of marriage rates in Great Britain has been based on that experienced in England and Wales in 1938, these rates being broadly equivalent to the experience in the five years 1945-9, if allowance is made for the additional remarriages resulting from the high level of post-war divorces. The future level of divorce rates, though probably higher than in 1938, is very speculative. Whatever the assumptions made, the importation of divorce (and subsequent remarriage) rates into the calculations would complicate them considerably.

The article discusses the influence of the legal means of local government on the results achieved by cities and towns in the search for a good urban environment in Great Britain. It states that public health laws and the laws of housing and town planning rooted in Great Britain as a form of regulating individual enterprise. It is mentioned that the criteria upon which the need for redevelopment was judged were defined in more relative terms and were capable of local interpretation. Meanwhile, for health and housing laws, it was found that their relation to the other needs of any society was seldom considered.

Discusses radio talk shows in Great Britain. Effects of selected broadcasts; Overview on several studies of the intelligibility of radio talks; Proportions of the different educational groups showing sufficient understanding of the radio talk.

The present paper on social class differences in mortality and morbidity during the first two years of life is based on the results of a survey on the health and development of a sample of children drawn from all parts of Great Britain and from all social classes. The 1946 survey provided a unique opportunity to keep the health and development of a national sample of children under review. In 1948, therefore, the Joint Committee, with the addition of representatives from the Institute of Child Health, made a further study of the babies enrolled in the 1946 survey. The completion of the 1948 survey was made easier by the fact that illegitimate children were excluded from the survey as also were twins. It would have been difficult, and embarrassing to trace unmarried mothers, many of whom had been confined away from home, sometimes without the knowledge of their relatives. Twins were excluded because it was felt that the small number in the sample would yield little useful information, but greatly complicate the analysis.

The object of these notes is to indicate one direction in which the numerical analysis of some types of local records can add to the knowledge of the historical demography of Great Britain before 1800. These notes are concerned with only one of the types of information which can be obtained in numerical form by a study of these lists, namely, information about the constancy of local populations at various periods, and about the related topic of migration. The possibility of using the material for studies of trends in, if not of the absolute sizes of, local populations is well known, as are also the difficulties due to the incompleteness of the Registers. Numerical information may be obtained by comparing the numbers of names common to pairs of successive assessment lists for some locality with the number occurring in either the earlier or the later list. This proportion gives some indication of the extent to which the locality was populated by members of the same group of families at the two dates, on the assumption that the whole population was surveyed at both dates.

It has long been believed that, although civil registration of births and deaths in England and Wales was prescribed by the 1836 Act and implemented in 1837, birth registration at least was not completely effective for some decades. In making these computations it is obvious that the approach cannot be of the type current in the U.S.A. and Canada, involving a search for the birth certificates of a group of individuals enumerated at a particular census. And any method applied solely to the published data is bound, at best, to be less satisfactory, since it must involve various assumptions, some of which are unverifiable. The main technical question is that of constructing estimates of child populations from the statistics of births and deaths, and the method applied here is that used, though for a different purpose, in connection with the 1911 census of England and Wales. At the same time, provided that births are fairly steady and that infant mortality does not fluctuate violently, the higher "separation factor" used in the above formula would not introduce any significant error.

The article presents information on the studies in the recent marriage and fertility data of England and Wales. The article attempts to set forth the relevant particulars somewhat differently and, in illustrating the recent demographic history of England and Wales, to show ways in which this may with advantage be exhibited and to suggest methods for possible use in more advanced researches among marriage and fertility data. In January 1950 the inaugural meeting was held of a demographic Study Group formed by the Institute of Actuaries Students' Society. Many of the ideas in the article are based on the fruitful suggestions that were made at that time by members of the actuarial profession as to the objects to which attention should be devoted. Legitimate fertility data have been sub-divided according to such factors as age of parent, duration of marriage and size of family, but in spite of diligent search it has not been possible to find significant characteristics according to which the experience has been consistent year by year since 1938 within the limits of random variation.

Focuses on the oratory of nineteenth-century British statesmen. John Bright; Lord Selden; Lord Brougham; Lord Canning.

The article reports on the joint proposal of France, Great Britain and United States for a program on regulation, limitation and balanced reduction of all armaments and armed forces. The First Committee took the three nations draft resolutions on the top of its agenda, several days after the Sixth General Assembly on November 6, 1951 in Paris, France. In their proposal, the three states incorporated the recommendation of the Committee of Twelve for a single new disarmament commission. This commission will be tasked to prepare proposals to be embodied in a draft treaty according to several guiding principles. One of the principles indicate that the United Nations plan for international control of atomic energy and weapons to continue serving as the basis for atomic energy control.

The article discusses Lord Cherwell's role in science in politics in Great Britain. Formerly Frederick Lindemann, Lord Cherwell had a significant role in organizing scientific researches in Great Britain as part of the country's larger study of development of scientific policy. He was Churchill's adviser in statistical sections during World War II. After the war, he was reappointed as the paymaster general in December 1942 and was given the responsibility of coordinating scientific researches and development. He was also given the task of advising on questions relating to atomic energy by the prime minister.

In evaluating the work of earlier writers on population statistics, it is not always easy to make a fair judgment. To see the faults of these writers, without appreciating the difficulties inherent in the situation or period in which they wrote is one danger. Especially so far as the population controversy is concerned, the writers of the period were hampered both by the lack of reliable statistics and by their own, personal, limitations. It is, of course, evident that a lengthy debate on the absolute growth or decline of the population of England and Wales could maintained only because of the inadequacy of contemporary population statistics. England was not singular in this respect it is true that a number of countries had made great progress in the collection of population statistics by the middle of the eighteenth century. Modern statisticians and demographers, fitting together the various sets of statistics dating from earlier periods, can sometimes produce a coherent and reliable account of the size and trend of populations in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. But to do so requires not only a knowledge of more advanced techniques of demographic analysis than were available in the eighteenth century, but also the background of experience which comes from having, over a long period, reliable and comprehensive population data.

The article reflects on the British public's views on the McCaran Internal Security Act of 1950 and the McCaran Immigration Act of 1952. It also cites the cases of Europeans being excluded from the United States because of their perceived subversive tendencies such as that of professor Michael Polanyi.

The article presents world news briefs on developments in atomic energy as of November 1952. Great Britain exploded her first atomic bomb on the Monte Bello Islands off the northwest coast of Australia. An atomic plant capable of turning out 1,500 kilowatts and 600 grams of plutonium yearly will be inaugurated in Saclay, France.

Focuses on the growth of speech therapy as a profession in Great Britain. History of the speech therapy in the country; Means for the training of speech therapists in the country; Job description of a speech therapist.

Presents the critical analysis of the oratory of Edmund Burke, the member of the Great Britain House of Commons. Significance of manuscripts related to the life of Burke for the purpose of analysis; Events related to the maiden speech of Burke in the House of Commons; Analysis of Burke's methods of composition for speaking and writing.

The article discusses the medium sized towns in the urban pattern of industrialized societies in Great Britain. It suggests that the distribution of the towns and cities and their relative sizes should be the first concern of planners, in which proposals affecting the size and distribution shall not be separated from the economic basis on which all settlements are founded. It analyzes the proposals relating to the creation or adjusting of towns to a population size of between 20-100,000 which is being compared with the similar industrial urbanized society. Moreover, local variety in geographical detail and the modifications of economic history appears to have destroyed any regularity of pattern in the medium sized network or the spacing of such towns relative to larger centres.

The article provides information about the Parliamentary and Scientific Committee in Great Britain. An informal all-party group formed in 1939, membership of the Committee is open to all members of the House of Lords and the House of Commons. It receives no subsidy from the government or from any political party and its revenue came from the voluntary subscriptions of the peers and members of Parliament. The committee sought to be the center in the Parliament for any scientific or technological question which may have a useful bearing on the activities of the Parliament or government.

This article focuses on the views of English educator and philosopher William Petty on various socio-economic issues, based on one of his pamphlets, titled "The Advice of W. P. to Mr Samuel Hartlib for the Advancement of Some Particular Parts of Learning," published in 1648. For long the text of this pamphlet was difficult of access until reissued in 1876 in Henry Barnard's English pedagogy under the caption of "Plan of an Industrial School" and, more recently, substantially reproduced in Robert Ulich's book "Three Thousand Years of Educational Wisdom." Born in 1623, Petty showed an early aptitude for mechanical pursuits in the field of education. After an unconventional education which eventually led him into the field of medicine Petty gained a certain notoriety for double writing, or pentograph, designed to effect the rapid and easy multiplication of copies of manuscripts. In the preliminary remarks to his said pamphlet itself Petty is careful to avoid any risk of comparison with English philosopher Francis Bacon: he has no intention of undertaking to give an exact definition or nice division of learning. Petty suggested that to ensure continuity in the event of death or disablement there should be a hierarchy of workers in every branch, so that there may never be any want of men acquainted with the whole design to carry it on with new assistance. Petty even suggests yearly appraisals of the work done and the apportionment of rewards.

This article focuses on the need for establishing voluntary responsible bodies for adult education in Great Britain. Several recent articles and research papers have advised that consideration should be given to the question whether voluntary organizations should continue to be allowed to exercise the powers of Responsible Bodies under the Further Education Grant Regulations of the Ministry of Education. The term "Responsible Body" came into general use in relation to adult education after the publication of the "Adult Education Regulations of the Board of Education" in 1924. Those Regulations governed the payment of grants to bodies, not being Local Education Authorities, in aid of the liberal education of adults. They prescribed that each course must be under the control and direction of a Responsible Body, which will be held responsible by the British Board of Education for the efficiency of the instruction given in the course and for the observance of the regulations applicable to it. Responsible Bodies might, suggestively, be of two types: first, universities and university colleges for courses under Chapter 2 of the Regulations, which related to Preparatory, Three-Year, and Advanced Tutorial Classes, Tutorial Class Vacation Courses and University Extension Courses; and second, "Approved Associations" for courses under Chapter 3, which dealt with Terminal and One Year Courses, and Vacation Courses for selected students organized in connection with such classes.

This article presents information on some of the sources revealing the history of English grammar schools. The grammar school education in Great Britain, reportedly, began about 600 A.D. and the foundation, endowment, dissolution and reorganization of grammar schools has confined with varying degrees of enthusiasm and efficiency from that time to the present day. Based on the views of English philosopher William Thirning, it is interpreted that from time immemorial the story of the English school has been most closely and intimately connected with the history of the English Church. Throughout a great part of its long history English grammar school education has not merely been Christian in its tone and in its basis; for two and a half centuries following the Reformation it was also specifically and exclusively Anglican. One of the earliest grammar schools come from a charity foundation of Queen Anne's reign, one from a pious benefactor of Stuart times, one from a mediaeval chantry, and one from a consolidation of ancient charities under the Endowed Schools Act of 1869. The Reports of Brougham's Charity Commission go into great detail for educational as for other charities. The grammar school references in these are indexed, and some of the material is abstracted in the Reports of the Taunton Commission of 1864-1868. These again were used as basic material by the late A.F. Leach, the founder of educational history in Great Britain.

The article discusses various debates in Great Britain on the development of nuclear energy. The debate in the House of Commons deals with the problems resulting from the production of electric power from atomic energy. It concerned a supplementary appropriation for the Ministry of Supply, a British agency incorporating the atomic energy establishments as well as other defense research and development. The House of Lords debate on science and industry established the use of nuclear energy for producing bombs and for explosive purposes, with heat being produced as a by-product.

Explores the strange product of the mingling of races which followed the British entry into North America that survives in the presence of a number of localized strains of peoples of mixed ancestry. Recognition of the part white varying populations of Indian and Negro blood; Larger mixed-blood strains of the Croatan Indians of North Carolina, the Melungeons in Tennessee, the Redbones of Louisiana, the Cajans of Alabama and others; Interpretation of mixed-blood distribution; Origin of the mixed-blood groups.

The article presents information on higher degrees in education in British Universities. A comparison of the requirements for degrees in education in Britain is interesting for two main reasons. In the first place, education is very rarely a first-degree subject, so that the study of it for a degree usually begins from scratch, in contrast to other arts or science subjects. Secondly, a higher degree in education may serve as a qualification for, or a stepping stone towards, many different kinds of job. By means of it, the practicing teacher may gain advancement within his profession to a more responsible post or to a heads hip; or he may enter educational administration, or become an inspector of schools. For many, it leads to posts in teacher-training in two year training colleges and university departments of education. Others may use it as an initial qualification in psychology, and such a degree may be recognized by the British Psychological Society as qualifying for associate membership.

The article informs that the first act for the dissolution of the monasteries, 1536, did not affect either colleges or hospitals in Great Britain. It covered only Abbeys, Pryoryes and other Relygyous Houses. The second one, 1539, included colleges and hospitals as well as religious houses in the ordinary sense of the words, and some schools seem to have perished under it. Others disappeared through the activities of mesne lords, who in the period 1539-45 followed the example of the lord paramount, and for their private benefit suppressed colleges, hospitals and chantries. This led directly to the first Chantries Act, that of 1545. The act did not suppress the foundations--it vested in the Crown the possessions of those already suppressed. It authorized the King to issue commissions for the seizure at his discretion of the surviving ones. It applied to (most) colleges of every kind, and to chantries, hospitals, gilds and stipendiary services if they were liable to the payment of first-fruits. In pursuance of the act, Henry issued commissions for the survey of the chantries.

The article offers news briefs regarding the development of atomic power in several countries outside the U.S. Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain has announced the proposal regarding the transfer of the responsibility for atomic energy from the Ministry of Supply to a statutory corporation. An announcement regarding the transfer of the nuclear power development in Canada to a private enterprise has been made by the Canadian Minister for Production.

This paper describes the results obtained in administering a modified Terman intelligence test to 327 Greek children aged from 7 to 12 years. A negative correlation between intelligence and family size was obtained. The results are compared with those obtained in similar inquiries in Britain and the U.S.A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports developments related to nuclear weapons in 1954. The testing of the first new series of weapons have taken place at the Atomic Energy Commission's (AEC) Pacific Proving Ground last March 1. The British defense plans are allegedly based on the premise that a prolonged period of tension is more likely now than a major war on a particular date. An amount of $44 million for the construction of power reactor was reportedly asked by the AEC in fiscal 1955.