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Canthaxanthin is a colourant widely used in medicine, food and cosmetics, which is closely related to human eye dysfunction. The EU determines that the daily acceptable intake of canthaxanthin (ADI) is 0.03 mg canthaxanthin per kg body weight. In order to protect people's diet health and avoid the occurrence of food safety accidents, this paper measured the content of canthaxanthin in 114 egg samples sourced from different regions of China using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The dietary exposure assessment method was used to evaluate the dietary risk to Chinese consumers. Results showed that the content of canthaxanthin varies significantly across regions of origin, with eggs produced in Beijing having a lower amount than those from other regions. The average dietary exposure of children (2–10 years old) was 0.242 ~ 0.653 μg/(kg bw∙d), and the dietary exposure of 95/97.5/99 percentile was 0.246 ~ 1.779 μg/(kg bw∙d). The maximum exposure was 3.089 μg/(kg bw∙d), and its risk quotient was 0.103 (<1), which was an acceptable risk. For the teenager group (11–18 years old), the average dietary exposure was 0.141 ~ 0.247 μg/(kg bw∙d), and the dietary exposure at the 95/97.5/99 percentile was 0.143 ~ 0.671 μg/(kg bw∙d), presenting an acceptable risk. For adults, the dietary risk of eating eggs with canthaxanthin is the lowest among the three age groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dissipation and terminal residues of oryzalin in grape ecosystem under open-field condition were investigated at two different locations, Beijing and Shandong in China. Residues in field-treated samples were determined by a sample method using rapid resolution liquid chromatography triples quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (RRLC-QqQ-MS/MS). This method showed satisfactory qualitative and quantitative performance. The mean recoveries of oryzalin at different fortification levels (0.01, 0.1 and 1 mg/kg for grape; 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 30 mg/kg for soil) ranged from 88.2% to 98.8%, with the relative standard deviations ≤4.9%. The limits of detection and quantification were, respectively, 0.003 and 0.01 mg/kg. In soil, the dissipation half-lives were about 9 days and the terminal residues ranged from <0.01 to 0.58 mg/kg in both Beijing and Shandong. The concentrations of oryzalin in grapes were lower than 0.01 mg/kg in most of the samples of dissipation study and all the samples of residue study. As far as we know, this is the first study focusing on the dissipation and terminal residue of oryzalin in grape ecosystem, and no maximum residue limits (MRLs) of oryzalin in grapes were recommended by China, Codex Alimentarius Commission or European Union. Therefore, these data not only provide important information about the fate and residues of oryzalin in grape ecosystem, but also could be very useful for the establishment of the MRLs of oryzalin in grapes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]