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Dyeing rates of raw wool and modified wool at different time (standard errors) The dye performance evaluation The dyeing performance of the wool samples was evaluated by the color depth (K/S) and compared as shown in Table 3. Keywords: Thiol groups; ionic liquid; wool; hydrophilic performance; dye; surface modification; ; ; ; ; ; EN Thiol groups ionic liquid wool hydrophilic performance dye surface modification ZH 9729 9740 12 11/21/22 20221220 NES 221220 Introduction Wool is a widely used natural protein fiber due to its warmth, comfort and wear- proof properties (Wang et al. [34]; Zhou, Di, and Wang [40]). The FTIR spectra of raw wool and modified wool (95% confidence limit bands) Crystallinity test The XRD spectra of wool samples (raw wool and wool treated for 3 min) are shown in Figure 4. [Extracted from the article]