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Three new sesquiterpenoids trichoacorenols B–C and cyclonerodiol B (1–3), along with three known ones (4–6), were isolated from the mangrove plant endophytic fungusTrichodermasp. Xy24 using various column chromatography techniques. The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data analyses. Compounds1,2,4, and5were four acorane sesquiterpenes,3and6were two monocyclic sesquiterpenediols. Compounds3and5exhibited significant neural anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting LPS-induced NO production in BV2 cells with the inhibitory rates of 75.0% and 39.2% at 0.1 μM, respectively, which are more potent than curcumin, a positive control with the inhibitory rate of 21.1% at 0.1 μM. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Five monoterpenoids were isolated from the endophytic fungusPericoniasp. F-31, including three new carene-type monoterpenoids, 2-carene-5,8-diol (1), 2-carene-8,10-diol (2), 2-carene-8-acetamide (3), one new menthene-type monoterpenoid 8-hydroxy-1,7-expoxy-2-menthene (4), and one known monoterpenoid anethofuran (5). The structures of all compounds were elucidated based on a comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis, electronic circular dichroism (ECD), and calculated ECD. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]