6 results
Search Results
2. Migration Policies and Political Cultures in Europe: A Changing Trend*.
- Author
-
Melotti, Umberto
- Subjects
EMIGRATION & immigration ,POLITICAL culture ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
This paper discusses the relationships between the migratory policies of the EU countries with more experience of immigration and their national political cultures. It focuses on France, Germany and the United Kingdom. It then looks at Italy, a relatively new country of immigration, which, with 3,000,000 legal immigrants, has become the fourth country of immigration in Europe and the first in the Mediterranean basin. In its final part it highlights the incipient process of 'communitarisation' of the immigration policies of EU countries in the last decade. This process, which has already entailed a significant convergence of their migratory policies, is expected to continue after the recent enlargement of the European Union. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Europeanization and the mechanics of economic policy adjustment.
- Author
-
Schmidt, Vivien A.
- Subjects
POLITICAL planning - Abstract
Europeanization, differentiated from European integration as the impact of European policies on national policies, practices, and politics, has had differing effects on EU member states, depending upon a number of independent variables. These include the constraints imposed by EU decisions in any given policy area, that is, whether the decisions demand that countries follow highly specified rules of implementation, less specified rules, suggested rules, or no rules at all. But adjustment also depends upon certain mediating factors, including countries' vulnerability to global as well as European economic pressures, their political institutional capacity to respond as necessary, the 'fit' of European policies with national policy legacies and preferences, and the discourses that influence policy preferences by changing perceptions of economic vulnerabilities and policies and thereby enhance capacity. Only by putting the decision constraints together with the mediating factors can we adequately explain countries' differential policy outcomes, whether inertia, absorption, or transformation. To illustrate, this paper considers three countries, France, Britain, and Germany, across a representative range of economic policy areas, including monetary policy, financial services, telecommunications, electricity, transport, and mutual recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Institutionalised cooperation and policy convergence in European defence: lessons from the relations between France, Germany and the UK.
- Author
-
Pannier, Alice and Schmitt, Olivier
- Subjects
NATIONAL security ,NEW institutionalism (Sociology) ,ARMED Forces ,FUNCTIONALISM (Social sciences) - Abstract
What are the prospects for trilateral concord among Britain, France and Germany in terms of defence policies? Would more institutionalised links among them lead to more convergence of their defence policies? To answer these interrogations, this article investigates the relation between policy convergence and institutionalised cooperation, in particular by studying whether and when one is a prerequisite to the other. First, this article examines the extent to which these countries' defence policies have converged since the end of the cold war based on several indicators: their attitudes towards international forums, their defence budgets, the structure of their armed forces and their willingness to use force. Second, we study each of the bilateral relations between the three states to qualitatively analyse their degree of institutionalisation and the convergence of their defence policies. This article concludes that contrary to the arguments of many discussions, think-tank reports and political actors, there is no evidence that institutionalised cooperation leads to policy convergence as far as defence is concerned. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Knowledge and utilization of technology-based interventions for substance use disorders: an exploratory study among health professionals in the European Union.
- Author
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Quaglio, Gianluca, Pirona, Alessandro, Esposito, Giovanni, Karapiperis, Theodoros, Brand, Helmut, Dom, Geert, Bertinato, Luigi, Montanari, Linda, Kiefer, Falk, and Carrà, Giuseppe
- Subjects
SUBSTANCE abuse treatment ,HEALTH services accessibility ,MEDICAL personnel ,PROFESSIONS ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH ,STATISTICAL sampling ,TECHNOLOGY ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Background: Little is known about the knowledge and use of technology-based interventions (TBIs) by health personnel working in the addiction field across Europe. Methods: An online questionnaire was designed using SurveyMonkey
® in order to determine the level of knowledge, use and perceived efficacy of TBIs in substance use disorders (SUDs), among health professionals across six EU Member States: Germany, Italy, UK, France, Poland and the Netherlands. The survey was sent to a convenience sample of 1200 addiction experts. Results: Surveyed participants (311, response rate 26%), had a mean professional addiction experience of 17 years; 23% stated to have good knowledge of TBIs, while 12% use them in their clinical practice. Forty-six percent consider TBIs useful in the treatment of addiction, and 44% foresee a significant increase of them in the future. TBIs were considered important for people facing barriers to accessing treatment (63%) and for providing support outside the formal care settings (60%). Lack of technical support (48%), poor infrastructure and equipment (42%), and lack of digital literacy among health workers (38%) were identified as the main obstacles in the diffusion of TBIs. Conclusions: Knowledge and utilisation of TBIs among health workers in drug addiction field is low. Nevertheless, TBIs are perceived as a possible means of facilitation in providing access to treatment, and as therapeutic tools which will become more important in the future. The need to improve training policies, awareness and attitudes towards TBIs among EU health professionals, working in the field of addiction is paramount. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. What is Issue Competition? Conflict, Consensus and Issue Ownership in Party Competition.
- Author
-
Guinaudeau, Isabelle and Persico, Simon
- Subjects
POLITICAL science ,POLITICAL competition ,A priori ,POLITICAL parties ,EUROPEAN integration - Abstract
Empirical assessments of issue competition lack both conceptual precision in the use of the concept of “policy issue”, and sufficient studies integrating both salience and positional perspectives. This article specifies an operational definition of a “policy issue” suited for the analysis of issue competition in the electoral arena and beyond, and proposes a typology of electoral issues that takes into account the two sides of issue competition – the decision to address an issue, and the adoption of a diverging or similar position on it. This typology allows distinguishing proprietal, consensual, blurred and conflictual issues. The framework is illustrated with an analysis of EU-related issues in the electoral manifestos of British, French and German parties. This source did not enable us to identify any blurred issue, but our exploratory study delivers several conclusions regarding the other issue types. Proprietal issues appear to be marginal, indicating that parties tend to devote attention to the same issues and that issue ownership is highly contested. We further observe a primacy of consensus in EU-related discourses, especially among governing parties. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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