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To uncover the effects of preparation process on material properties represents an important advance in the translational application of composites in intelligent biomedicine. Here, we investigated how preparation temperature interferes with the biocompatible composite integrating piezoresistivity and mechanical flexibility. By thermomechanical blending, the composite from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and nanocarbon black (nanoCB) obtained electric conductivity, whilst single-axial drawing re-distributed the nanoCB in PCL matrix. The drawing at a temperature declined from 55 to 25 °C resulted in the elastic strain of PCL/nanoCB composite increasing from ~5 to ~30 % and elastic limitation increasing from ~15 to ~55 MPa. Meanwhile, the composite drawing at 25 °C demonstrated improved piezoresistive response (a sensitivity of ~16 at 10% strain) in sensing external loading. This work provides insights into how preparation temperature influences the composite structure and electromechanical properties. The method can be applied to engineer biocompatible electronics for intelligent biomedicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]