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The adoption of technology and the rising digital divide among the older adult population, predominantly in lower-middle income countries such as Bangladesh, have posed a precarious challenge. Hence, the time has come to navigate this upcoming challenge. Thus, the current research aims to investigate the impact of perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PE), and perceived risk (PR) on the behavioral intention to adopt mHealth (BI). Furthermore, multigroup analysis (MGA) is used to examine BI regarding gender and income groups. Data from 140 older adults in Bangladesh were gathered and later analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to estimate the measurement and structural model parameters and produce concurrent bootstrap evaluations. The findings revealed that PE and PU substantially affect the intention to adopt mHealth, whereas PR has small effect on mHealth adoption. Furthermore, the MGA depicts that the effect of PR is statistically significant for older adult males and females. Additionally, the effect of PE on behavioral intention to adopt mHealth between income groups (lower income vs. higher income) is significant. Therefore, this research advances our theoretical and empirical understanding by yielding new scholarly evidence in the domain of mHealth adoption by older adults. Finally, the paper concludes with augmented practical considerations concerning the adoption of mHealth as a technology by older adults, which will assist in alleviating the digital divide for any such lower-middle income country across the globe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Armed conflict affects the biological diversity and biological research regime of a country. This paper takes a low-intensity armed conflict in the biologically and ethnically diverse Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) of Bangladesh, as an example, and assesses the response of biologists to this conflict. The study spans the last 50 years dividing it into three periods: pre-conflict (1961−1974), conflict (1975–1997) and post-conflict (1998–2011). Interactions with selected researchers and a literature survey showed that sporadic, intermittent biological research was conducted in this region even during the conflict. The number of research initiatives substantially increased and became more diverse over the last decade. Research opportunity has increased mainly because of improved security and accessibility. Nevertheless, despite the research capacity and a positive attitude among the researchers, some fundamental issues still limit long-term research in this area. The continuing volatile situation due to slow implementation of the 1997 Peace Accord and the tension between rebel factions and indigenous and settler communities in some areas continue to be serious concerns for studying and conserving the biodiversity of this region. Innovative research approaches and the full implementation of the peace agreement are vital to improving the situation for biological research in the CHT. The paper underlines the importance of a biologist’s self-motivation to respond to low-intensity armed conflicts. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Research has documented that, around the world, women who are childless against their will suffer from an array of social, economic and emotional difficulties. The causes of this suffering are primarily related to their gender position in society and their gender identity. This paper addresses the impact of class differences on the gender-related suffering of childless women in the socially very hierarchically structured society of Bangladesh. The main method was gathering life histories of illiterate rural poor childless women and educated urban middle-class childless women. The rural childless women experience strong stigma in society, as their identity is devalued due to their inability to produce children. As a result, they suffer from feelings of guilt, role failure, loss of self-esteem, abandonment by the family, social isolation, and impoverishment. In contrast, because of their relatively high socio-economic status and good educational background, urban childless women have more opportunities to avail themselves of alternative social identities and thus avoid social isolation. Despite these differences, both groups of women lead frustrated lives, burdened with a deep sense of guilt for not being able to produce children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Bangladesh, the formal public health system provides few services for common sexual and reproductive health problems such as white discharge, fistula, prolapse, menstrual problems, reproductive and urinary tract infections, and sexual problems. Recent research has found that poor women and men resort to informal providers for these problems instead. This paper draws on interviews with 303 providers and 312 women from two rural and one urban area of Bangladesh from July 2008 to January 2009. Both informal and formal markets played an important role in treating these problems, including for the poor, but the treatments were often unlikely to resolve the problems. Providers ranged from village doctors without formal training to qualified private practitioners. The health system is heavily marketised and boundaries between "public" and "private" are blurred. There exists a huge, neglected domain of sexual and reproductive health needs which are a source of silent suffering and for which there are no trained health staff providing treatment in government facilities. The complexity of this situation calls for engaged debate in Bangladesh on how to improve the quality of existing services, discourage or prevent obviously harmful practices, and develop financing mechanisms to enable women to access effective treatment, regardless of the source, for these neglected problems. Au Bangladesh, le système de santé officiel s'occupe peu des affections de santé génésique courantes, comme les pertes blanches, les fistules, les prolapsus, les problèmes menstruels, les infections de l'appareil génital et urinaire et les troubles sexuels. Des recherches récentes ont révélé que les femmes et les hommes pauvres s'adressent à des prestataires informels pour ces problèmes. L'article se fonde sur des entretiens avec 303 prestataires et 312 femmes de deux zones rurales et d'une zone urbaine du Bangladesh, de juillet 2008 à janvier 2009. Les marchés formels et informels jouaient tous deux un rôle important, notamment pour les pauvres, mais les traitements avaient peu de chances de résoudre ces problèmes. Les prestataires allaient de médecins villageois sans formation officielle à des praticiens privés qualifiés. Le système de santé est fortement influencé par les lois du marché et les frontières entre le « public » et le « privé » sont floues. Il existe un vaste domaine négligé de besoins de santé génésique qui sont une source de souffrances silencieuses et pour lesquels on ne dispose pas de personnel de santé formé à traiter les patientes dans les centres gouvernementaux. La complexité de la situation nécessite un débat engagé au Bangladesh pour trouver comment améliorer la qualité des services, décourager ou prévenir les pratiques manifestement dangereuses et créer des mécanismes de financement qui donneront accès aux femmes à un traitement efficace, quelle qu'en soit la source, de ces problèmes oubliés. En Bangladesh, el sistema oficial de salud pública ofrece pocos servicios para problemas comunes de salud sexual y reproductiva como secreción blanca, fistula, prolapso, problemas menstruales, infecciones del tracto reproductivo y de las vías urinarias y problemas sexuales. En recientes investigaciones se ha encontrado que las mujeres y los hombres pobres recurren a prestadores de servicios extraoficiales para resolver estos problemas. Este artículo se basa en entrevistas con 303 prestadores de servicios y 312 mujeres de dos zonas rurales y una urbana, en Bangladesh, desde julio de 2008 hasta enero de 2009. Ambos el mercado oficial y el extraoficial desempeñaron un papel importante para tratar estos problemas, incluso para gente pobre, pero a menudo resultó improbable resolver los problemas con sus tratamientos. Entre los prestadores de servicios figuraban desde médicos del pueblo sin formación académica hasta practicantes particulares calificados. El sistema de salud es muy comercializado y la línea divisoria entre los sectores "público" y "privado" es borrosa. Existe una enorme gama de necesidades desatendidas de salud sexual y reproductiva que son una fuente de sufrimiento silencioso y para las cuales no hay personal de salud capacitado ofreciendo tratamiento en unidades gubernamentales. Esta compleja situación en Bangladesh requiere un debate abierto sobre cómo mejorar la calidad de los servicios actuales, impedir o poner freno a las prácticas obviamente dañinas y crear mecanismos de financiamiento para que las mujeres tengan acceso a tratamientos eficaces, independientemente de la fuente, para estos problemas desatendidos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, around a million Rohingya refugees live in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. This study examines the attitudes toward physical abuse and experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV) of Rohingya refugee women who experienced child marriage. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the Rohingya refugee settlement at Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. Attitudes towards physical abuse have been assessed by a set of five questions that asked the situation under which 'hitting or beating' one's wife is justifiable. Multivariable logistic regressions are used to examine the associations of exposure to child marriage with (i) attitudes towards the justification of physical abuse by one's husband and (ii) experiences of IPV in the 12 months prior to the survey. Data are available for 486 participants. Overall, 61.32% of women experienced child marriage (married before 18 years of age) and they were more likely to have strongly justified beatings/hitting one's wife under certain circumstances (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 2.71; 95%CI: 1.78, 4.11), and to have experienced such IPV by their husbands in the 12 months prior to the survey (AOR = 1.72; 95%CI: 1.13, 2.61). These AORs are higher for women married at ages 12–14 than those married at 15–17. Having some formal education among husband and wife is protective of abuse within a marriage. Rohingya women's attitudes towards and experiences of IPV are associated with their exposure to child marriage. Interventions for stopping child marriage, marriage registration, social support group, and legal interventions are needed. Offering formal education to all children needs to be prioritized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In many low- and middle-income countries, breast cancer survival is low. Reasons for this are multifactorial, but delayed presentation for care is a common theme. In this survey study with 100 urban Bangladeshi women, we examined the role of socioeconomic and sociocultural factors on their likelihood to seek breast care from a family physician. In our multivariate model, a woman's age and education significantly predicted her likelihood to see a physician. Sociocultural aspects (e.g., concerns about time commitment of family members, personal household obligations) were significant at bivariate level. Findings are discussed in relation to practice, policy, and research. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate factors that influence the adoption and use of e-Health applications in Bangladesh from citizens' (patients') perspectives by extending the technology acceptance model (TAM) to include privacy and trust.Methods: A structured questionnaire survey was used to collect data from more than 350 participants in various private and public hospitals in Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh. The data were analyzed using the partial least-squares (PLS) method, a statistical analysis technique based on structural equation modeling (SEM).Results: The study determined that perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness and trust (p < 0.05) were significant factors influencing the intention to adopt e-Health. Privacy (p > 0.05) was identified as a less significant factor in the context of e-Health in Bangladesh. The findings also revealed that gender was strongly associated with the adoption and use of e-Health services.Conclusions: The findings of the present study contribute to the development of strategies and policies to enhance e-Health services in Bangladesh. Furthermore, as a result of the generic approach used in this study, the acceptance model developed can be easily modified to investigate the adoption of e-Health in other developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural hazards lead to unexpected and often dire situations for people who have few resources and little control over the environment in which they live. Kutubdia, an island in the southeastern part of Bangladesh, experiences frequent natural hazards that impact the livelihoods of its people and put them in vulnerable situations. The research elaborated here is the result of 300 household surveys collected from persons in Kutubdia's fishing communities. The surveys investigated the perception and consequences of natural hazards on the fishing communities. The results indicated that the experience of natural hazards-cyclones, erosion, and flooding are examples-have increased over the years. Coastal erosion displaced seventy-two (24 percent) fishers, forcing them to relocate their houses several times and imposing multiple challenges on their lives. Literacy was not associated with perceptions of environmental changes or changes in fishing. However, young fishers-less than forty years of age-perceived that environmental changes had affected fish catch more than their older colleagues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On 24th April, 2013, the people of Bangladesh experienced one of the world's most horrific industrial disasters involving the collapse of a nine-story building in Savar, known as the "Rana Plaza Tragedy". One thousand one hundred and twenty five people (1125) died and over 2000 were injured, many of whom were admitted to The Centre for the Rehabilitation of the Paralyzed (CRP)for rehabilitation. Occupational therapists (OTs) were engaged in the rehabilitation of people affected by the tragedy from the initial response through to their discharge and community reintegration. This study has discovered that the majority of persons affected suffered from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and the challenges of reintegrating back into the workforce. OTs provided assessments to establish patient's functional ability and investigated opportunities for reintegrating into local communities. To help them to recover from PTSD, OTs provided both physical intervention and psychological rehabilitation by engaging patients in a variety of purposeful and meaningful activities such as; self-care, leisure and vocational training and activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The negotiation of prejudice among immigrant women has largely been unaddressed in the psychotherapy literature. In an increasingly pluralistic society, such as the United States, it is especially important to address needs of specific subgroups of women who experience racial and ethnic prejudice. Immigrant women are in a unique position to simultaneously encounter prejudice related to multiple aspects of social identity, such as gender, race, and ethnicity, contributing to feelings of marginalization. This article addresses the role of attachment related conflicts in immigrant women's negotiation of racial and ethnic stereotyping and discrimination, from a psychodynamic perspective. Implications of these conflicts for women's identity development are discussed. A clinical case vignette illustrates the complexity of addressing attachment and prejudice within and outside the therapeutic relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]